Albin Köbis

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Albin Köbis on a postage stamp from 1967
Reliefs by Albin Köbis (right) and Max Reichpietsch on their tombstone inside today's Wahn air force barracks
Military cemetery with a memorial plaque

Albin Köbis (born December 18, 1892 in Berlin ; † September 5, 1917 at Wahn am Rhein ) was a German soldier in the Imperial Navy who was executed for participating in a mutiny during the First World War .

Life

Albin Köbis grew up between the factories in Berlin's “ Tierra del Fuego ” at 16 Chausseestrasse . In 1912 he volunteered in the Imperial Navy. Politically, he was then close to the left wing of the SPD and later to the USPD . During the First World War he made contact with crew members of other German warships in order to initiate a movement towards the early end of the war. In 1917 he was a stoker on the liner SMS Prinzregent Luitpold . The constant reduction in the rations led to cases of refusal of orders on the journey from Kiel to Wilhelmshaven on July 19, 1917 in the middle of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal , which was blocked as a result. On July 24, representatives of the crews met for a meeting, at which the aim was to hold a peace demonstration together with shipyard workers. At a shop steward's meeting on July 27th, the action program was concretized and a coordination group formed from chief heaters Albin Köbis and Wilhelm Weber , sailor Max Reichpietsch , stoker Hans Beckers and Willy Sachse .

Köbis was arrested during the suppression of the rebellion in 1917 and sentenced to death on August 25 and 26 by a court martial together with the four other members of the coordination group for "completed uprising in war" . Three of those sentenced to death were pardoned by the commander in chief of the fleet , but Köbis and Reichpietsch were shot as ringleaders on September 5th on the grounds of the foot artillery firing range Wahn on the Rhine . Her grave and a joint memorial stone are located in a public cemetery ( military cemetery ) of the city of Cologne within the military security area of today's Wahn air force barracks .

In a broader sense, he can be seen as a pioneer of the Kiel sailors' uprising and the November Revolution, which led to the overthrow of the monarchy at the end of the First World War. For the German right he was a traitor to the fatherland. The German left, especially the KPD , saw Albin Köbis and Max Reichpietsch as heroes.

Commemoration

In the 1920s there were annual commemorative events of the Red Front Fighter League (RFB) in Wahnheide. Events were held even after the Second World War until the KPD was banned in West Germany. In 2007, another commemorative event took place in Cologne-Porz on the 90th anniversary of the execution .

memory

Street sign of Köbisstrasse in Berlin-Tiergarten
  • There is a memorial plaque for Köbis at the birthplace in Berlin-Pankower Schulzestrasse 36.
  • Theodor Plievier dedicated his novel “Des Kaiser Kulis. Novel of the German Fleet “1930 Albin Köbis and Max Reichpietsch .
  • Schools have also been named after him.
  • The FDJ basic organization of VEB Deutsche Seereederei Rostock bore its name as an obligation in the 1960s.
  • A “Max Reichpietsch Albin Köbis Memorial Cup” is held annually in Berlin-Grünau - in 2018 for the 60th time. This is a sailing regatta on the Müggelsee / Langen See.
  • In Grimma (Saxony), the Seesportverein eV located on the Mulde is named after Albin Köbis.

Streets and places named after Albin Köbis

  • In Cologne-Porz-Wahn two streets are named after Albin Köbis and Max Reichpietsch.
  • The former Tirpitzufer (after Admiral von Tirpitz ) in Reichpietschufer is named after Max Reichpietsch in Berlin (Tiergarten) , from which the Köbisstraße branches off.
  • In the Brandenburg municipality of Glienicke / Nordbahn , Bismarckstrasse was renamed Koebisstrasse during the GDR era.
  • In the north German city of Wismar there is an Albin-Köbis-Weg, as well as an adjacent Max-Reichpietsch-Weg.
  • In Dresden Neustadt there was the Köbisplatz (now Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz ) from 1945 to 1991 , followed by the Reichpietschufer (now Carusufer ).
  • In Leipzig there is a Köbisstraße, a cross street is the Reichpietschstraße.
  • In Rostock -Markgrafenheide, only a few meters from the Baltic Sea and the naval barracks, is Albin-Köbis-Straße.
  • In Strausberg (suburb) two streets are also named after Albin Köbis and Max Reichpietsch.

Ships

literature

  • Illustrated history of the German Revolution . Internationaler Arbeiter-Verlag, Berlin 1929, pp. 158–159. (Reprint: New Critique Verlag, Frankfurt 1970, ISBN 3-8015-0073-X ) With photograph and letter to his parents.
  • Christoph Regulski: Better to be shot for ideals than to fall for so-called honor. Albin Köbis, Max Reichpietsch and the German sailor movement in 1917 . Marix-Verlag, Wiesbaden 2014, ISBN 978-3-86539-378-4 .

Movies

Web links

Commons : Albin Köbis  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Wein: Sailors rehearse the uprising. Retrieved January 28, 2020 .
  2. ↑ Honoring the two war opponents Albin Köbis and Max Reichpietsch in nrhz.de, online flyer No. 112, from September 12, 2007.
  3. ↑ Köbisstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
personal data
SURNAME Köbis, Albin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sailor, participant in the sailors' revolt in 1917
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH September 5, 1917
Place of death at Köln-Wahn