Antoni Jurasz (medic, 1882)

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Family grave in Fort Winiary in Poznan

Antoni Tomasz Jurasz (born February 11, 1882 in Heidelberg , † September 20, 1961 in New York City ) was a Polish surgeon, officer and university professor.

Life

Jurasz's parents were the Heidelberg ENT professor Antoni Stanisław Jurasz (1847–1923) and his English wife Caroline nee. Gaspey . The father came from Spławie (Poznań) .

Antoni Jurasz studied medicine at the Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg . With a doctoral thesis on connective tissue tumors in the pelvis (still an extremely difficult area today) he received his doctorate in medicine in 1907 . He was a medical intern at the German Hospital (London) and with Ludolf von Krehl at Heidelberg University Hospital . There he was also a volunteer assistant in pathology . In the merchant marine he gained tropical medicine experience in Africa and India . In 1908 he returned to surgery at the German Hospital. In 1909 he went to Erich Lexer in the Königsberg surgery . In 1911 he moved to Leipzig surgery with Erwin Payr . With the German Red Cross he moved to Constantinople in 1912 in the First Balkan War . In 1917 he became chief physician at the St. Marien Hospital in Frankfurt am Main .

Poses

At the time of the Second Polish Republic , the University of Poznan won him over in 1920 to set up surgery at the desolate City Hospital. Jurasz moved the business to a house of Catholic nuns and had the hospital rebuilt according to German standards. On his many trips abroad, he bought medicines and surgical instruments with his own resources . Following the example of Stanford Cade at Westminster Hospital , he set up Poland's first radiation therapy at his clinic in 1931 . He published in German, English, French and Polish journals .

In 1927 he was one of the founders of the Polish surgeon magazine Chirurgia Kliniczna , which was also published in English as Chirurgia Clinica Polonica from 1929 . In 1928 he was elected the first president of the Surgical and Orthopedic Society of Western Poland. At the invitation of the Little Entente , he and his assistants traveled to Bucharest in 1935 to demonstrate operations . When asked by the Academia Nacional de Medicina , he read and operated in Rio de Janeiro , São Paulo , and Curitiba in 1936 . In 1937 he was co-author of the first Polish textbook on surgery. In Poznan he was Dean of the Medical Faculty and Vice President of the University. In western Poland he coordinated the operations of the Polish Red Cross. He tried to found a Pan-Slavic medical society and advocated Polish as the language of the congress.

At the end of August 1939, just before the German invasion of Poland , he was drafted into the Polish Army as a medical officer . In the Battle of Modlin he was taken prisoner by Germany . He escaped to France via Czechoslovakia and Hungary . There he built a Polish Red Cross organization. After the Armistice of Compiègne (1940) he fled to England with the remains of the Polish Army .

Edinburgh

Most of the remnants of the Polish Army gathered in Scotland . That is why Jurasz founded the Polish Medical Faculty at the University of Edinburgh in 1941 . She was supposed to train military doctors for the Polish Armed Forces in the West . Jurasz was dean until 1945. He held the chair until the end of the faculty in 1949. Of the 228 graduates, only 19 returned to Poland.

Independently of the Polish Faculty, the Ignacy Paderewski Polish Military Hospital was opened in Edinburgh on October 17, 1941 . Jurasz took care of financial aid from the Rockefeller Foundation . During his visit to Poland in May 1946, Jurasz brought a mobile hospital and an X-ray system as a donation from the American Polish community.

United States

In the People's Republic of Poland he was not allowed to return to the post in Posen. Because of his US connections to the persona non grata , he had to return to Edinburgh in 1947. In the same year he emigrated to the United States . With his wife Stanisława Augustynowicz he settled in Margaretville in New York (state) . He ran a doctor's office and was a Consultant Surgeon at Saint Clare's Hospital (Manhattan) . One of his employees was Dr. Skubiszewski, an uncle of Krzysztof Skubiszewski .

Juracz died at the age of 79. The funeral took place in Margaretville's cemetery. Stanisława Jurasz returned to Poland and lived in Warsaw . At Juracz's request, his body was transferred to Poland and buried in the Poznan citadel . His successor at the Medical Academy in Poznan was Roman Drews (1908–1977). The nephew Bogdan Jurasz is a urologist in Poznan. His son also became a urologist at Marienhospital Altessen and works in Berlin.

Honors

literature

Web links

Commons : Antoni Jurasz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Message from Thaddäus Zajaczkowski
  2. ↑ a b c d e f A. Magowska (2011)
personal data
SURNAME Jurasz, Antoni
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jurasz, Antoni Tomasz (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish surgeon and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 11, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Heidelberg
DATE OF DEATH 20th September 1961
Place of death New York City