Arapgir
| Arapgir | ||||
|
||||
| Basic data | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Province (il) : | Malatya | |||
| Coordinates : | 39 ° 2 ′ N , 38 ° 29 ′ E | |||
| Residents : | 6,169 (2008) | |||
| Telephone code : | (+90) 422 | |||
| Postal code : | 44800 | |||
| License plate : | 44 | |||
| Structure and administration (status: 2009) | ||||
| Mayor : | Haluk Cömertoğlu ( AKP ) | |||
| Website: | ||||
| Arapgir district | ||||
| Residents : | 11,311 (2008) | |||
| Surface: | 974 km² | |||
| Population density : | 12 inhabitants per km² | |||
| Kaymakam : | Engin Aksakal | |||
| Website (Kaymakam): | ||||
Arapgir ( Armenian Արաբկիր , Kurdish Daskûzan , also known as E rebgir or Arapkir ) is a city in the Turkish province of Malatya . Arapgir is also the capital of the Arapgir district of the same name. The population of the district is 11,311 (as of 2008). The city has 6,169 inhabitants and is located near the Euphrates . The population decreased from 21,017 to 11,470 between 1985 and 2007. Today's Arapgir was founded in the middle of the 19th century. The historic city of Arapgir is located about 3 km to the southwest and is now called Eskişehir (Old Town).
The name Arapgir , which in Armenian would mean “Arabic script”, is probably a modification of the Armenian Arapgerd - “Arab fortress.”
history
It is believed that the place has been around since 1200 BC. Was settled. 850 BC The Assyrians ruled here , 612 BC. The Medes and Persians . Later Arapgir becomes part of the Byzantine Empire . The Byzantines settled here their Armenian vassal, King Seneqerim Johannes , the last ruler of the empire of Vaspurakan . Seneqerim Johannes founded today's city of Arapgir in 1021.
Arapgir remained under Armenian rule until 1070. The Byzantines knew the city under the name Arabraces . After 1070 Arapgir fell to the Seljuks . The Seljuks of Rum ruled here in 1178 . After they were defeated by the Mongols in the Battle of the Köse Dağ , Arapgir became the property of the Mongols. After that, the Karakoyunlu ruled . 1515, the victorious Ottomans in the Battle of Chaldiran and were masters of the whole of Anatolia. In the Ottoman records of 1518, Arapgir is one of the twelve sanjaks of Diyarbakır . At the time of Suleyman I , Arapgir was part of Sivas , from 1834 again part of Diyarbakır. Arapgir became part of the Vilâyet Mamuretül-Aziz (today Elazığ Province ) from 1847 . Arapgir was known for its grapes and mulberries.
In 1928 the Anatolian Arapgir becomes an independent district in the province of Malatya. In 1957 the Armenian Cathedral of Arapgir was blown up.
Textile industry
A textile industry developed in Arapgir in the 19th century. 1836 1,000 looms weaving textiles from yarn that came from the British Isles. In 1907 there were 1,200 looms. The fabric that was woven in Arapgir was named Manusa . In the course of this, Arapgir grew and became larger than the provincial capital Harput . In 1883 Arapgir got its own mayor. Since textile production reached its old level one year after the Armenian massacres of 1895 under Sultan Abdülhamid II , Donald Quataert assumes that either a large number of weavers were Muslim or only a few Armenians perished.
population
In 1880, 29,000 people lived in Arapgir, of which 4,800 were Muslim and 1,200 Armenian families. According to a study by Nejat Göyünç from the METU in Ankara, 20,000 people lived in Arapgir in 1911, more than half of whom were Armenian Christians.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Armenians were victims of attacks. 1895 massacred Hamidiyemilizen Armenians Arapgir. 4,000 Armenians subsequently emigrated to America and Egypt and maintained close contact with their homeland. In 1915 9,500 Armenians lived in the city of Arapgir alongside 7,000 Turks. On April 26, 1915, the arrests of Armenian traders began. From June 19, 1915 on, convoys of Armenians were deported from the city and killed on the way. The last convoy left the city on July 5, 1915. Many find their end on the banks of the Thoma Cay River at the 40-arch bridge 'Kirk Göz'. The operation is carried out by the Kaimakam Hilmi Bey (in this capacity from March 2nd to December 19th, 1915). According to sources from the Interior Ministry, 8,545 of the 9,500 Armenian residents were 'deported'.
800 surviving Armenians from the Arapgir district emigrated to the vicinity of Yerevan in 1922 , where they founded the Arabkir district .
Churches, mosques and buildings
The Armenian Apostolic Congregation had four churches in Arapgir: the Church of Our Lady ( Surb Astvatsatsin ), the Church of St. Gregory ( Grigor Lusavorich ), the Church of St. George ( Surb Gevork ) and the Church of St. James ( Surp Hagop ). The largest church held 3,000 people. There were also ten Christian schools in the city. The church was burned down in 1915. After the First World War , the church was restored and used as a school. It was damaged again in the 1950s. There are only a few old buildings that date back to before the First World War.
In Arapgir there are still the ruins of a fortress, some Seljuk mosques, an old cemetery and silver mines.
sons and daughters of the town
- Khajag Barsamian (* 1951), Armenian Archbishop
- İlyas Salman (* 1949), Turkish actor, film director, and author
- Abdullah Cevdet (1869–1932), intellectual, poet and translator
- Cemal Azmi (1868–1922), Governor of the Vilâyets Trebizond
literature
- Պատմութիւն հայոց Արաբկիրի = Patmowt'iwn hayoc 'Arabkiri [History of the Armenians of Arabkir], New York 1969.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Turkish Institute for Statistics ( Memento from December 5, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ), accessed November 21, 2009
- ↑ Population information on the district page ( Memento from April 18, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Robert H. Hewsen: Armenia. A Historical Atlas , The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London 2001, p. 116
- ^ Donald Quataert: Ottoman Manufacturing in the Age of the Industrial Revolution (= Cambridge Middle East Library . Volume 30 ). 1st edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2002, ISBN 0-521-89301-1 , pp. 86–99 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Osmanlı idaresinde Ermeniler by Nejat Göyünç, giltepe Yayn. in Ankara , 1983, in Turkish
- ↑ "... in the Center of Arapgir, the Armenians formed 53% of the total population while they formed only 18% of the population in the periphery areas of Arapgir." From The Armenian question according to Takvim-i Vekayi (PDF; 536 kB ) by Pınar Kundil, METU, Ankara, in English
- ^ A b Raymond Kévorkian : Le Génocide des Arméniens , Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 ISBN 2-7381-1830-5 , p. 494
- ^ Raymond Kévorkian: Le Génocide des Arméniens , Odile Jacob, Paris 2006 ISBN 2-7381-1830-5 , p. 497
- ↑ Pars Tuğlacı : Tarih boyunca Batı Ermenileri tarihi. Cilt 3. (1891–1922) , Pars Yayın ve Tic., Istanbul and Ankara 2004 ISBN 975-7423-06-8 , p. 275
