Aratuípe
| Município de Aratuípe Aratuípe |
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| Coordinates | 13 ° 5 ′ S , 39 ° 0 ′ W | ||
 Location of Aratuípe in the state of Bahia
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| founding | June 9, 1891 | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| State | Bahia | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | BR-BA | ||
| Região intermediária | Santo Antônio de Jesus (from 2017) | ||
| Região imediata | Nazaré-Maragogipe (from 2017) | ||
| Mesoregion | Metropolitana de Salvador (until 2017) | ||
| Microregion | Santo Antônio de Jesus (until 2017) | ||
| structure | 2 districts: Aratuípe, Maragogipinho | ||
| height | 60 m | ||
| Waters | Rio Aratuipe, Rio Jaguaripe | ||
| surface | 181.1 km² | ||
| Residents | 8599 (2010) | ||
| density | 47.5 Ew. / km² | ||
| estimate | 8825 Ew. (July 1, 2019) | ||
| Parish code | IBGE : 2902302 | ||
| Time zone | UTC −3 | ||
| politics | |||
| City Prefect | Antonio Miranda Silva Junior (2017-2020) | ||
| Political party | PMDB | ||
| economy | |||
| GDP | 63,554 thousand R $ 6963 R $ per person (2015) |
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| HDI | 0.575 (2010) | ||
Aratuípe , officially Município de Aratuípe , formerly Aratuhype , is a small town in the Brazilian state of Bahia . The municipal city is located 220 km southwest of the capital Salvador .
According to the 2010 census, the community has 8,599 inhabitants, who are called Aratuipens. It is now 368th in Bahia by population. As of July 1, 2019, the IBGE estimated the population to be 8,825. The area is 181,140 km²; the population density is 47.5 people per km². The place is known for its ceramic products.
Origin of name
The name is derived from the Tupí language and meant for the Tupinambás living in the area "water with the aratus" ( Aratus pisonii ), a unique mangrove tree crab.
history
First Europeans who settled there in the 16th century, Paulo de Argolo (Argollo) Menezes, the one of the Portuguese crown Sesmaria was transferred. The fiefdom lay on the banks of the Rio Aratuípe, where he founded the settlement of Santo Antônio as a mission station with the Igreja de Santo Antônio dos Índios built in 1558. (The current church of the same name dates from the 17th / 18th century and is partly in ruins.) The first cultivated plant was sugar cane, for which black African slaves were obtained from the slave traders in the capital Salvador for field work and milling. The area is located in the Recôncavo Sul Baiano , the southern interior of the All Saints Bay . The Tupinambá, considered cannibalistic, were not pacified until the country gained independence. From the 19th century onwards, the history of Aratuípe is closely linked to the history of the later city of Nazaré , in the earlier spelling Nazareth, which has an inland port on the Rio Jaguaripe just six km (one légua ) further north.
On June 2, 1840, the parish "Freguesia de Santana da Aldeia" was founded, in this at the same time the district "Santana de Aratuípe". The entire area was subordinated to the present-day cities of Nazaré and Santo Antônio de Jesus , which is considered the "capital of the Recôncavo Sul". In 1858 the main church Igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora Santana was consecrated. On February 7, 1890, the village was elevated to the Vila de Aratuípe . The place received city rights as Cidade de Aratuípe on June 9, 1891, which is considered to be the actual founding date. The city prefect was appointed from 1890 to 1948 by the respective governor of the state; the first of these mayors was João Martins da Silva, who led the office until 1895. In 1923 the municipality covered 608 km², the population was 7100 inhabitants. On June 1, 1944, she was appointed to the municipal city Município de Aratuípe . The first elections for the city prefect, to which Carlos Alberto Moniz Pacheco was elected, and for the city council (Câmara Municipal) took place in 1948.
In 2017, the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística changed the assignment to geostatistical regions and assigned the community to the Região geográfica imediata Nazaré-Maragogipe and the Região geográfica intermediária Santo Antônio de Jesus .
geography
The city is located in the catchment area of the Mata Atlântica at an altitude of 36 m to 60 m. It is traversed by the river Rio Aratuipe, which formerly expanded into a silted up small lake in the urban area. The Rio Aratuipe is a tributary of the Rio Jaguraripe . It lies between the cities of Nazaré and Santo Antônio de Jesus .
climate
temperature
Temperatures can rise up to 30 ° C in February. There is an average maximum temperature of 27.9 ° C. The coolest month is July with at least 19.4 ° C. There is at least an average temperature of 21.1 ° C Celsius.
Precipitation
In the driest months, January and October, there is an average of 89 ml of precipitation per square meter . At 213 ml per square meter, May is the wettest month of the year. On average, 139.6 ml fall per month and square meter.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Aratuípe
Source: Climata-Data.org
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Nature and vegetation
Aratuípe is covered with wet forest. The vegetation is intact, most of the land is not used for agriculture . Agriculture is concentrated on the few fertile areas. The soil is partially acidic and the upper layers contain clays, which are mined and used for ceramic production.
City administration
City prefect (executive) after the local elections in 2016 for the 2017 to 2020 term of office is Antonio Miranda Silva Junior, called Sinho, of the Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (PMDB), who won the election with 3,636 votes, and his predecessor Sandra Lago des Partido Social Democrático (2011) (PSD) replaced him in office. The legislature lies with the Câmara Municipal, the city council. The place is also the seat of the district of the same name, the second district is Maragogipinho.
Together with 20 other communities, it forms the Santo Antônio de Jesus microregion , which is one of three microregions of the Metropolitana de Salvador mesoregion .
Population development
So has the population from 1991 to 2019 to 1,014 inhabitants increased. 64% of the population is distributed in the urban area and 36% in the rural area.
Age pyramid
Aratuípe has a very young population, but the birth rate is falling.
Ethnic groups
(As of 2010 with 8,599 inhabitants)
| group | proportion of | in % | annotation |
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| Pardos (mixed race) | 5,485 | 63.8 | mostly mulattos and mestizos |
| Pretos ( blacks ) | 2.017 | 23.5 | mostly Bantu and Yoruba people |
| Brancos (White, European ancestors) | 905 | 10.5 | |
| without specification | 192 | 2.2 |
Religions
| number | Religious community |
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| 4,800 | Roman Catholic |
| 2,093 | Atheists |
| 1,544 | Evangelical-Protestant |
| 162 | Spiritualists |
The largest religious community is formed by the supporters of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil , followed by supporters of the Evangelical-Protestant faith and some splinter groups. The Catholic parishes are subordinate to the diocese of Amargosa . Believers are divided between the congregation of the Igreja de Santo Antônio de Jesus, founded in 1558, and the Igreja Matriz de Senhora Sant'ana, built in 1769 (re-consecrated in 1858 as Nossa Senhora Santana).
In the 20th century, the Baptists joined them with the first Igreja Batista, built in Maragogipinho in 1960, and the Centro Espírita São Francisco de Assis spiritualist center in 1965. In 1966 the first Baptist church followed in Aratuípe and in 1974 the originally Italian-American Igreja Congregação Cristã no Brasil. The Pentecostal movement opened its Igreja Pentecostal Deus é Amor in 1980 , followed in 1983 by the Igreja Assembléia de Deus and in 1984 by the neo-charismatic Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus . Another evangelical group, the Igreja do Evangelho Quadrangular founded in the USA in 1923 , settled in Aratuípe in 1992. In 1996 the Jehovah's Witnesses followed with the Salão do Reino Testemunha de Jeová . In 2000, followers of the Seventh-day Adventists founded the Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia , in 2002 the Pentecostals founded a second congregation with the Igreja Pentecostal Sacerdote de Cristo , most recently in 2005 the Baptists founded the Igreja Batista Esperança .
The Afro-Brazilian religion is represented in the urban area with four cult sites in the Candomblé de caboclo and another in Maragogipinho, which keep the religions from Central Africa alive.
2,093 atheists live in the municipal city.
education
| year | number | Illiteracy rate |
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| 1991 | 5,013 illiterate people | 53.8% |
| 2000 | 3,018 illiterate people | 35.1% |
| 2010 | 2,089 illiterate people | 24.3% |
In 2012, Aratuípe had 1872 primary school students and 381 middle school students in the 6th to 8th grade at the only middle school, the Ginásio Municipal de Aratuípe , which was built in 1965 . The illiteracy rate has fallen sharply in recent years. In 1991 it was 53.8% with 5,013 illiterates, 35.1% in 2000 with 3,018 illiterates and 24.3% in 2010 with 2,089 illiterates. Aratuípe participates with over 100 other municipalities in the Recôncavo Baiano economic area in a network of cities to combat illiteracy.
Infrastructure
The place is on the BA-001 coming from the south , which leads to Nazaré in the north. The distance to the capital is 220 km by land and only 78 km by ferry boat. In the inner city, the majority of traffic with motorcycles. The nearest larger port is in Nazaré, six km away, from where a railway line also leads inland.
Culture
The Afro-Brazilian culture with its customs is characteristic of Aratuípe . There are candomblé and capoeira groups. The street samba practiced in Aratuípe was included in 2004 with other events of this kind localized in 20 municipalities by the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN) as Samba de Roda do Recôncavo Baiano .
Two music associations have a tradition that goes back over a hundred years, the "Sociedade Filarmônica Lyra Ceciliana" in the Aratuípe district and the "Sociedade Filarmônica Lyra Conceição" in the Maragogipinho district, both founded in 1914. The main church Igreja Matriz de Nossa Senhora Santana is worth seeing.
Maragogipinho is especially known for its ceramic products of various kinds, including art ceramics; they are shown in the city arms. The ceramic pots are mostly made by hand by women on pottery turntables, the clay is largely delivered to Maragogipinho from the Aratuípe district. These ceramics are also sold in the surrounding states. In 2009/10 a separate exhibition was held in Rio de Janeiro under the title “Maragogipinho ea tradição do barro” in the Centro Nacional de Folclore e Cultura Popular.
economy
The Aratuípe area lies on the border with Baixa Sul in the Recôncavo Sul economic zone. The region was already producing sugar, tobacco, spirits, coffee and above all cassava flour in the 19th century . The trade extended to the capital Salvador, in the other direction to the southern Minas Gerais . Today's economy is divided into agriculture, around 80 smaller production companies and the service sector, which, with employees in the public sector, makes up the largest proportion of employees. Sisal , cassava and vegetables are mostly grown on the poor soil for personal consumption.
Agricultural production in 2011 was: 5,500 tons of cassava flour, 1,800 tons of bananas, 900 tons of sugar, 720 tons of oranges, 200 tons of maracujas (passion fruit), 189 tons of palm oil, 26 tons of beans and 21 tons of corn.
tourism
Due to its location in the catchment area of the Bahia do Todo dos Santos region (All Saints Bay), Aratuípe is relevant as a tourist location. Aratuípe is known as a hospitable and quiet city in the middle of nature. It is popular with those interested in culture.
sons and daughters of the town
- José Leone de Araújo, poet, poet of the city anthem
- João Carlos Sampaio (1970–2014), film critic
Web links
- City Prefecture website (Portuguese)
- Estatísticas dos Municípios Baianos. 06 Baixo Sul. Salvador 2014, ISSN 1519-4124 , Aratuípe: pp. 19–36 (Portuguese)
- Website Cidades do meu Brasil. Bahia: Aratuípe.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b IBGE : Cidades @: Aratuípe - Panorama. Retrieved April 15, 2020 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE : Bahia: Aratuípe - produto interno bruto dos municípios - 2015. Accessed May 28, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ Crafts ceramics (Aratuípe) Retrieved July 5, 2015
- ↑ Ceramics and Culture (Aratuípe) . ( Memento of September 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Retrieved July 21, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ^ ABH Ferreira: Novo Dicionário da Língua Portuguesa. 2nd Edition. Nova Fronteira, Rio de Janeiro 1986, p. 156.
- ↑ Annuario Estatistica da Bahia 1923 . Imprensa Official do Estado, Bahia 1924, p. 394. Retrieved July 20, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE : Cidades @: Aratuípe: Histórico. Retrieved May 28, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese). Historical summary.
- ↑ History of Aratuípe. Retrieved July 10, 2015 (Brazilian Portuguese)
- ↑ Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE): Divisão Regional do Brasil. 2017, accessed May 28, 2018 .
- ↑ Política 2017 - Candidatos a Prefeito 2016 - Aratuípe BA: Sinho. Retrieved February 6, 2017 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Eleições 2012: Sandra Lago 55 on the website www.eleicoes2012.info . Retrieved June 30, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ^ Publications of the Câmara Municipal de Aratuípe (Portuguese).
- ↑ Information blog of the Câmara Municipal de Vereadores de Aratuípe (Portuguese).
- ↑ a b IBGE : Aratuípe: Age pyramid . Retrieved July 19, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Informações do Brasil: Síntese the Informações de Aratuípe (BA). Retrieved July 22, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ^ Website Cidades do meu Brasil. Bahia: Aratuípe. Retrieved July 23, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Mapeamento dos Espaços de Religiões de Matrizes Africanas do Baixo Sul. SEPROMI, Salvador 2012, ISBN 978-85-64035-02-7 , pp. 34-35. Retrieved July 22, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ^ Primary school students in Aratuípe. ( Memento of the original from August 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 23, 2015 (English, Portuguese).
- ^ Middle school students in Aratuípe. ( Memento of the original from August 13, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 23, 2015 (English, Portuguese).
- ^ Ministério da Saúde: Taxa de analfabetismo - Bahia. (DATASUS search with municipality code 290230). Retrieved July 11, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ IPHAN: Samba de Roda do Recôncavo Baiano. 2004, p. 17. Retrieved July 23, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ IPHAN: Cerâmica de Maragogipinho em exposição no Centro Nacional de Folclore e Cultura Popular. With catalog. Retrieved July 24, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Produtos de Cerâmica de Maragogipinho (BA). Artesanato de tradição cultural website . Retrieved July 24, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Estatísticas dos Municipios Baianos. Território de identidade N ° 06 Baixa Sul. Salvador, Volume 4, No. 2, 2014, ISSN 1519-4124 , Aratuípe: pp. 19–36, here p. 33, table: 6.1 Agropecuária. (PDF; 15.1 MB). Retrieved July 22, 2015 (Portuguese).
- ↑ Tourism in Aratuípe. Retrieved July 10, 2015 (Portuguese).
