Arn of Salzburg
Arn (or Arno ) von Salzburg (* after 740 in Isengau , Bavaria ; † January 24, 821 in Salzburg ) was a Catholic abbot in the monastery of St. Amandus in Elno (today Saint-Amand-les-Eaux ), bishop and later first Archbishop of the new Archdiocese of Salzburg and Abbot of the St. Peter Monastery .
The name Arn , Latin also Aquila , is Old High German and means 'eagle'.
Live and act
Arno came from the Bavarian aristocratic family of the Fagana and was raised in Freising . In 765 he was ordained a deacon , 776 or 777 a priest . He became a Benedictine monk of the Elno Monastery ( Coenobium Elnonense ) in the County of Flanders and was abbot there from May 26, 782 . Tassilo III. appointed him in 785 as the successor of Virgil Bishop of Salzburg. He received his episcopal ordination on June 11, 785.
In 787 he tried to mediate in Rome with Pope Hadrian I in favor of Tassilos, but could not prevent the fall of Tassilos and his condemnation in 788 in Ingelheim. After the fall of the duke, Arn became a friend and confidante of Charlemagne . After 788 he had the Notitia Arnonis (a register of the possessions of Salzburg) made, which was confirmed by Karl in 790; since 791 he acted as royal messenger .
On behalf of the Frankish King, he traveled to Rome in 797 to see Pope Leo III. and on April 20, 798 obtained the elevation of Salzburg to an archbishopric, to which the suffragan dioceses Freising , Neuburg , Passau , Regensburg and Säben were subordinate. As a mission area he owned Carantania ( Carinthia ) up to the mouth of the Drau and Pannonia , the settlement area of the Avars. He himself consecrated churches and priests in the Avar country and sent a mission priest named Ingo and 13 other priests to Carantania, who worked there from 785 to 798. Arno received from the king permission to renew the choir episcopate of Carantania, and appointed Theodoric († 821) as regional bishop ( choir bishop ).
Alkuin , a close advisor to the emperor, advised Arno to reduce the toe relief for Carantania so as not to provoke rebellions, as in the case of the Sachsenmission. Instead of the regular tithing, the tenth part of the annual fluctuating harvest yields, Arno introduced the so-called "Slavic tithing" as a significantly lower and constant tax. The Slav tenth was only converted into the general tithing by Archbishop Gebhard von Salzburg († 1088) in the 11th century, when resistance was evidently no longer to be feared .
Arno accompanied Pope Leo III, who had fled to Karl, back to Rome in 799 and was also present on December 25, 800 at Charles' coronation as emperor in Rome. He promoted science and art in Salzburg and Saint-Amand and was friends with Alcuin and Angilbert . He had a library set up and had the history of Salzburg recorded (Annales Juvavenses maximi).
On the occasion of the anniversary "1200 years of the Archdiocese of Salzburg", the Province of Salzburg created the Arnoweg , a long-distance hiking trail through the whole of Salzburg.
literature
Lexicon article
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz : Arn (Arno), first archbishop of Salzburg. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 1, Bautz, Hamm 1975. 2nd, unchanged edition Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-013-1 , Sp. 219-220.
- Max Büdinger : Arn (Archbishop of Salzburg) . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1875, pp. 575-577.
- Theodor Schieffer : Arn . In: Josef Höfer , Karl Rahner (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 2nd Edition. tape 1 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1957.
- Sigrid Krämer: Arn . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 1, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1980, ISBN 3-7608-8901-8 , Sp. 993 f.
- Heinz Löwe: Arn. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, ISBN 3-428-00182-6 , p. 355 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Lorenz Maier : Arno. In: Karl Bosl (ed.): Bosls Bavarian biography. Pustet, Regensburg 1983, ISBN 3-7917-0792-2 , p. 26 ( digitized version ).
Representations
- Heinz Dopsch : Arn of Salzburg. In: Katharina Weigand (ed.): Great figures of Bavarian history. Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-8316-0949-9 , pp. 13-29.
- Stephan Freund : From the Agilolfingers to the Carolingians. Bavaria's bishops between church organization, imperial integration and Carolingian reform (700–847) (= series of publications on Bavarian national history. Vol. 144). Beck, Munich 2004, ISBN 978-3-406-10739-9 .
- Meta Niederkorn-Bruck (ed.): Archbishop Arn of Salzburg. Oldenbourg, Vienna et al. 2004, ISBN 3-486-57595-3 .
- Rudolf Schieffer : Arn of Salzburg and the imperial coronation of Charlemagne. In: Heinz Dopsch, Stephan Freund, Alois Schmid (eds.): Bavaria and Italy. Politics, culture, communication (8th – 15th centuries). Festschrift for Kurt Reindel on his 75th birthday (= magazine for Bavarian regional history. Supplements 18). Beck, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-406-10818-0 , pp. 104-121.
Web links
- Literature by and about Arn von Salzburg in the catalog of the German National Library
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Virgil |
Bishop and from 798 Archbishop of Salzburg 785–821 |
Adalram |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Arn of Salzburg |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Arno of Salzburg |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Catholic Abbot of Saint-Amand and first Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Salzburg |
DATE OF BIRTH | after 740 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Isengau , Bavaria |
DATE OF DEATH | January 24, 821 |
Place of death | Salzburg |