Bělá (Nová Pec)

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Bělá
Bělá does not have a coat of arms
Bělá (Nová Pec) (Czech Republic)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : Czech RepublicCzech Republic Czech Republic
Region : Jihočeský kraj
District : Prachatice
Municipality : Nová Pec
Geographic location : 48 ° 48 '  N , 13 ° 58'  E Coordinates: 48 ° 47 '47 "  N , 13 ° 57' 44"  E
Height: 738  m nm
Residents : 29 (March 1, 2001)
Postal code : 384 51
License plate : C.
traffic
Street: Želnava - Nová Pec
Railway connection: České Budějovice – Černý Kříž
Place view
Cross on the way to Želnava

Bělá , until 1947 Parkfried , is a district of the Nová Pec municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers northwest of Horní Planá and belongs to the Okres Prachatice .

geography

Bělá is located on the left side of the Vltava upper course, which is flooded with the Lipno reservoir, on a plateau in the Bohemian Forest belonging to the foothills of the Želnavská hornatina . The village lies on the border between the Šumava National Park and the Šumava Protected Landscape Area . Across from Bělá, the Jezerní potok , the Rasovka (Hefenkriegbach) and the Novopecký smyk (Hefenkrieger Glitsche) flow into the Vltava reservoir. To the north rises the Želnavský vrch ( Salnauer Berg , 815 m nm), in the east the Hrad ( local mountain , 940 m nm) and the Houba (864 m nm), south of the Šešovec ( Scheschberg , 899 m nm), in the west the Bělský vrch ( Great Mountain , 782 m nm) and northwest of the Perník ( Lebzelterberg , 1048 m nm), the U hvozdecké cesty (902 m nm) and the Hvozd ( high forest , 1047 m nm). The railway line České Budějovice – Černý Kříž runs south ; the nearest train station is in Nové Chalupy, it is called Nová Pec . The Boletice military training area extends to the east .

Neighboring towns are Pěkná , Záhvozdí and Želnava in the north, the desert U Riedla (Riedelhütte) in the northeast, Pernek in the east, Pihlov, Jasenka and Hory in the southeast, Kovárna and Nové Chalupy in the south, Dlouhý Bor in the southwest, Vltava in the west and Jelení , Ovesná and Smolná Pec in the northwest.

history

A castle complex, whose name has not been passed down, was probably built on the local mountain in the 13th century. It is believed to be a royal guard castle. The village was probably founded by the Goldenkron monastery during the colonization of the Bohemian Forest . In the middle of the 14th century the villages Salnau , Parkfried, Burgstall and Walterstift came to the chapter Vyšehrad , whose provost Dietrich von Portitz sold the area around 1360 for life to Johann von Amschelberg, a son of Wilhelm von Landstein . This led to a violent dispute between the Vyšehrad Chapter and the Goldenkron Monastery, which lasted until 1395. The Prachatic historian František Kubů is therefore of the opinion that the castle on the Hausberg is Waltershausen Castle, which has not yet been localized and was built by Dietrich von Portitz to protect the villages belonging to the Vyšehrad chapter. In various older sources, Johann von Amschelberg is also seen as the builder of the castle.

The village was first mentioned in a document in 1393 as Persircz . Two years later, when the Goldenkron Monastery received the Salnau court back, the place was called Perfritz and Perfrid . In 1412 the monastery left six villages, including Salnau, Parkfried and Burgstall, to King Wenceslaus IV , who in 1414 gave them to his follower Johann von Bezděkov as pledge. After Wenceslas death, the villages came back to the Goldenkron monastery in 1420. After the monastery was burned down by the Hussites in the same year , King Sigismund pledged the entire monastery property to Ulrich von Rosenberg in 1420 . After the end of the Hussite Wars , the monastery was rebuilt in 1437, but Ulrich von Rosenberg was not ready to give up the pledge. On May 7, 1443, the town of Prachatitz complained to Ulrich von Rosenberg that Smil von Krems auf Gans had occupied the Salnau Mountains; this probably means the desert castle Hausberg. In 1447 Smil von Krems was executed in Krumau . Between 1460 and 1476 the Salnau court was pledged to Prokop von Ravenstein and his son Wenzel; the villages Walterstift and Burgstall or Purgstall were mentioned for the last time. After that, the Salnau dish fell back as pledge to the Lords of Rosenberg , who owned it until 1602. From 1622 the Lords of Eggenberg and from 1719 the Princes of Schwarzenberg exercised patronage. Together with the other monastery estates, Parkfried also became the property of the Schwarzenbergs in 1785 following the abolition of the Goldenkron monastery and became part of the allodial rule of Krumlov . At the end of the 18th century, a floodplain was created at the mouth of the Seebach and Hefenkriegbach in the Vltava, from which the logs rafted on the upper Vltava were transported via the Scheiterstraßl with carts up to the Schwarzenbergschen Schwemmkanal . The Höpfelmühle, the one-layer Zaunlipp and the Salnau hunters' houses were located around the floodplain .

In 1840 Pargfried consisted of 32 houses with 288 German-speaking residents. At the village there was a bridge over the Vltava. On the other side of the river were the Salnau hunter's houses with a forester's house and a forester's house, at the confluence of the Seebach the rustic mill "Höpfelmühle" with a board saw, on the Seebach the Dominikal mill "Hotzimühle" with another board saw and a hammer forge. Parish was Salnau. Parkfried remained subject to the allodial rule of Krumlov until the middle of the 19th century.

After the abolition of patrimonial formed Pargfried or park Fried in 1849 with the hamlet Salnau a municipality in the judicial district Oberplan . The Neuhäuser, Salnauer Jägerhäuser, Zaunhaus, Zaunlipp and Stallschmiede were assigned to the community of Neuofen . From 1868 Parkfried belonged to the Krumlov district . On the Moldau opposite Parkfried, the new settlement of Oiberg and the Fürstlich Schwarzenberg steam saw emerged during this time . After the 3.8-kilometer-long Yeast Warrior Glitsche or Salnauer Giant (Novopecký smyk) was laid to the Vltava between 1887 and 1888 , with which the timber rafting was relocated from the Große Mühl to the Vltava, and the Salnau rafting place in 1892 also a railway connection to Budweis the new Salnau-Bahnhof settlement was built opposite Parkfried, which grew rapidly, while the square village of Parkfried only expanded slightly.

In 1910 the village of Parkfried with its locations Grantlhauser, Hausberg and Seebach consisted of 39 houses and had 387 inhabitants. On the Vltava north of the Salnau train station, the princes Schwarzenberg had the largest cable crane in Czechoslovakia built in 1926 , which was used to transfer the timber across the Vltava to the railway; it was knocked over in a hurricane in 1929 and fell into the river. In 1930, 927 people lived in the parish of Parkfried, the core town of Parkfried consisted of 45 houses and had 387 inhabitants. In October 1938, as a result of the Munich Agreement , the municipality was added to the German Reich and until 1945 belonged to the district of Krummau an der Moldau . In 1939 the community had 957 inhabitants. In 1945 the village of Parkfried consisted of 52 houses in which 396 people lived. After the end of World War II , Parkfried returned to Czechoslovakia and the German-Bohemian population was largely expelled due to the Beneš decrees . In 1947 the name was changed to Bělá , a year later the district of Oiberg was given the new name Vltava. 1948 Bělá was assigned to the Okres Prachatice . Numerous houses remained uninhabited and were later demolished. In their place there were holiday homes and apartment buildings. Of the 52 houses that stood in Bělá after the end of the war, only half have survived. The Vltava dam was built in the 1950s. In the course of the territorial reform of 1960, the municipality of Bělá was dissolved. The district Želnava became an independent municipality, while Bělá and Vltava were incorporated into Nová Pec.

In 1991 Bělá had 40 inhabitants. In 2001, the place consisted of 18 houses in which 29 people lived. In total, Bělá consists of 80 houses.

Attractions

  • Burgstall Hausberk on the Hrad
  • Cross on the way to Želnava

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Vyhláška č. 7/1948 Sb. On zakonyprolidi.cz (Czech).
  2. ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 9 Budweiser Kreis . 1841, p. 254.
  3. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Krummau an der Moldau district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  4. ↑ http://www.czso.cz/csu/2009edicniplan.nsf/t/010028D080/$File/13810901.pdf
  5. ↑ Hledání domu. Část obce Bělá on uir.cz (Czech).

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