Boats of the Soviet and Russian Navy
This article is intended to give an overview of boats that were in service in the Soviet and Russian navies and the border troops of the USSR and the border troops of Russia . The Russian classification is used, according to which sea vessels with a displacement of up to 500 t are usually referred to as boats ( Russian катер ) and larger vessels ( Russian корабль ). The large hydrofoil boats of projects 1240, 1141 and 11451 are often referred to as ships, but are listed here.
Boats whose main purpose is laying or clearing mines are not included.
Overview
| Russian name | NATO code | Put into service | Type | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TM-200 project | P-2 | 1943 | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project TD-200 | P-2 | 1947 | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project OD-200 | MO-V | 1943 (?) | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 123 | P-4 | 1943 (?) | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project 183 | P-6 | 1949 | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project 183T | P-8 | 1951 | Torpedo speedboat | Prototype class first Soviet boat with gas turbine |
| Project 183TK | P-10 | 1955 | Torpedo speedboat | Series production of the 183T project |
| Project 199 | MO-VI | 1955 | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 183R | Komar | 1959 | Missile speedboat | world's first mass-produced rocket speedboat |
| Project 184 | - | 1956 | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project 125 | Pchela | 1960 | Torpedo speedboat | Hydrofoil |
| Project 205 | Osa I | 1959 | Missile speedboat | |
| Project 205M | Osa II | 1966 | Missile speedboat | |
| Project 205P Tarantul | Stenka | 1967 | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 205PE | Slept | 1970 | Missile speedboat | Prototype of a wing version of the 205M project |
| Project 206 | Shershen | 1960 | Torpedo speedboat | |
| Project 206E | Mole | 1960 (?) | Torpedo speedboat | Export version of project 206 |
| Project 206M Schtorm | Turya | 1971 | Torpedo speedboat | Hydrofoil |
| Project 206MR Wichr | Matka | 1976 | Missile speedboat | Hydrofoil , planned as the successor to Project 205M , discontinued after eleven units of construction in favor of the corvettes of Project 1241.1 Molnija-M |
| Project 205EP | Bogomol | 1988 | Patrol speedboat | Export variant, in principle ships of the 206MR Wichr project without rockets and wings. Four units built for Guinea-Bissau . |
| Project 1240 Uragan | Sarancha | 1977 | Missile speedboat | Hydrofoil , prototype which did not go into production |
| Project 1141 | Babochka | 1977 | Anti-submarine speedboat | At that time the largest hydrofoil in the Soviet Union |
| Project 11451 Sokol | Mukha | 1986 | Anti-submarine speedboat | according to other sources project 1141.1 or project 1145-1 |
| Project 133 Antares | Muravey | 1983 | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 122bis | Kronstadt | 1955 | large patrol boat | |
| Project 201 | SO I | 1957 | large patrol boat | |
| Project 201M | SO I | 1957 | large patrol boat | |
| Project 201T | SO I | 1957 | large patrol boat | |
| Project 368 | Poluchat I | 1953 | Coastal patrol boat | |
| Project 1400 handle | Zhuk | 1970 | Coastal patrol boat | |
| Project 194 | - | 1955 | Submarine hunt boat | |
| Project 191 | - | 1947 | River gunboat | |
| Project 192 | - | 1951 | River gunboat | |
| Project 1204 | Shmel | 1965 | Flow monitor | |
| Project 1208 Slepen | Yaz | 1978 | Flow monitor | |
| Project 1249 | Piyavka | 1980 | Inland patrol boat | |
| Project 1248 mosquito | Vosh | 1980 | Flow monitor | |
| Project 1408.1 | Saygak | 1986 | River launch | |
| Project 1041Z | Svetlyak | 1989 | Patrol boat | |
| Project 14310 Mirasch | Mirazh | 1998 | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 14232 Merkuri | Sokzhoi | 1996 | Patrol speedboat | An unarmed version is also called Mercury in the NATO code . |
| Project 12150 | Mangust | 1998 | Patrol speedboat | |
| Project 12130 | Ogonek | 1999 | Inland patrol boat |
Project 122
| Dimensions: | 52.2 m × 6.5 m × 2.2 m |
| Displacement: | 302 ts standard |
| Drive: | 3 diesel engines type 9D with 3300 HP, 19 kn |
| Crew: | 60 (including 4 officers) |
The first units of Project 122 were built in 1941. During the war, however, the project was modified several times, including changing the main gun. From the modified 122bis project , 157 units were finally built between 1948 and 1956.
The main shipyards for this class were the Sevmasch shipyards in Severodvinsk and Zelenodolsk .
Boats of this class were delivered not only to the Soviet border troops, but also to Albania, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Indonesia, Poland and Romania. Fourteen boats were built under license in China.
The main task of these ships was submarine hunting . A hull-mounted Tamir sonar was installed for this purpose.
The armament of Project 122bis consisted of:
- an 85 mm type 90-K gun with 230 rounds of ammunition in the bow
- two 37 mm anti-aircraft guns with a total of 2000 rounds of ammunition
- three 12.7 mm coaxial machine guns with a total of 12,000 rounds of ammunition
- two depth charges racks for conventional depth charges
- two RBU-900 , RBU-1200 or RBU-1800 water bomb launchers
→ Weblinks
Project 123
| Dimensions: | 22 m × 4.7 m × 1.5 m |
| Displacement: | 22 ts standard |
| Drive: | 2 diesel engines, 2400 HP, 42 kn |
| Crew: | 12 |
.
A total of 349 boats of this class were built in the Soviet Union between 1946 and 1951. Three versions are known, 123bis , M-123bis and 123K Komsomolets ( Russian Комсомолец ). However, it is unclear which type designation is assigned to which design. The boats were built in Tyumen and Feodosiya .
A large version was built with two 533 mm torpedo tubes, better seaworthiness , a sea endurance of five to six days and a range of 1000 nautical miles.
In addition, a small version was built, which was armed with two 450 mm torpedo tubes. This only had a range of 500 nautical miles and a sea endurance of 24 to 36 hours, but was designed so that it could be transported on roads with a low loader .
Both versions were armed with two to three double-barreled 12.7 mm or 14.5 mm machine guns and equipped with radar. Some were equipped with two depth charges and some could carry mines instead of torpedoes.
Boats of this class have been exported to many countries. Boats of this class were also built in North Korea ( Iwon class) and probably in China.
→ Weblinks
Project 125
| Dimensions: | 25 m × 4.9 m × 2.6 m |
| Displacement: | 60 ts standard |
| Drive: | 2 diesel and gas turbines, 2 screws, 68 kn |
This was the further development of project 184 . With two diesel engines of the type M-503 with 8000 HP and a gas turbine , the boats reached up to 68 knots. In tests, the prototype still reached 45 knots at sea strength 3.
The armament consisted of two 533-mm torpedo tubes and two double-barreled 14.5-mm machine guns .
Two type 125 torpedo speedboats were built for the Soviet Navy. Then sixteen patrol speedboats of the type 125P were built for the border troops of the USSR . Some of these units had a diving sonar , as is also used in anti-submarine helicopters.
Project 133
| Dimensions: | 40 m × 7.6 m × 1.9 m |
| Displacement: | 180 ts standard |
| Drive: | 2 M70 gas turbines , 20,000 hp, 36 kn |
| Crew: | 10 |
16 boats from Project 133 were built between 1983 and 1989 at the Feodosiya shipyard to replace the patrol boats from Project 205P Tarantul in the Black Sea. All units were delivered to the border troops.
The armament consisted of two 406-mm torpedo tubes , a 76-mm AK-176 gun in the bow, a six - barreled 30-mm AK-630 anti-aircraft gun in the stern and a 55-mm grenade launcher.
→ Weblinks
Project 184
| Dimensions: | 21.6 m × 5 m × 2.1 m |
| Displacement: | 31.5 ts standard |
| Drive: | 3 M-50F diesel engines, 3600 HP, 3 screws, 46 kn |
| Crew: | 10 |
Project 184 is a prototype class of torpedo speedboats with a speed of up to 46 knots. Other sources speak of hydrofoils with speeds of up to 64 kn. Two boats were built from 1956 onwards, but series production was not approved because the performance did not meet expectations. A further development was the 125 Ptschela project .
The armament consisted of two 533-mm torpedo tubes and a double-barreled 14.5-mm machine gun .
Project 191
| Dimensions: | 25.9 m × 4.3 m × 0.7 m |
| Displacement: | 55 t normal |
| Drive: | two diesel engines each 600 HP, 16 kn |
| Crew: | ? |
119 river gunboats of projects 191 and 191M were built between 1947 and 1952 in Leningrad and Perm. Originally the drive consisted of two V12 diesel engines, which were also used in the T-34 tank. The armament consisted of a tank turret of the T-34 with the 85 mm cannon and two 12.7 mm machine guns.
A larger variant with three engines and two armored turrets was also planned, but was not implemented.
Later ships were modified. The tank engines were replaced by two M-50 diesel engines with 1000 hp each, which allowed a top speed of 24 knots. The machine guns were replaced by 14.5 mm.
The side armor was 7 mm thick, the top armor 10 mm thick.
Two boats of an enlarged version, Project 192 , were also built. These had reinforced armor and three M-50 engines. After that, the construction of gunboats was stopped.
Project 194
| Dimensions: | 27 m × 6.2 m × 1.7 m |
| Displacement: | 110 ts standard |
| Drive: | see text |
| Crew: | 27 |
Unfortunately, little is known about this class of submarine hunting . Two boats were built in Zelenodolsk in 1955. The armament consists of a 45 mm and a 37 mm gun and two 12.7 mm machine guns. There are 2 depth charge racks with 18 depth charges and a Tamir sonar .
The drive consists of 2 M-50F diesel engines with 1200 hp each and one M-50E diesel engine with 600 hp, which drive three screws. The maximum speed is 24 knots, the range 1500 nm at 10.5 knots.
Project 200
| Dimensions: | 23.7 m × 4.7 m × 2.5 m |
| Displacement: | 48.2 t |
| Drive: | 2 petrol engines, 2500 HP, 38 kn |
| Crew: | ? |
During the Second World War, the Soviet Union began producing torpedo boats based on the Higgins boats supplied by the Lending and Lease Act . The hull shape was very similar to the Higgins boat.
19 ships of the classes TM-200 and TM-200bis were built in Rybinsk from 1943 onwards. These had a steel hull and gasoline engines. The armament consisted of two 533-mm torpedo tubes and two double-barreled 14.5-mm machine guns .
167 ships of the classes TD-200 and TD-200bis were built in Leningrad . These had a wooden hull and a diesel drive with three screws. The armament corresponded to the version TM-200. From 1950, 46 ships were equipped with radar and IFF (TD-200B).
63 ships were equipped as anti- submarine boats and designated OD-200s.
The US Navy initially called this class the 603 class .
Project 201
| Dimensions: | 42 m × 6.1 m × 1.9 m (without wing ) |
| Displacement: | 170 ts standard |
| Drive: | Diesel engines with 7500 HP, 3 screws, 28 kn maximum |
| Crew: | 31 people |
The Project 201 was the successor of 122bis project . Much faster, smaller and with a smaller crew, the armament was even more geared towards the main area of operation, the submarine hunt . During the construction period the armament was modified several times and so there were the projects 201 , 201M , 201P and 201T .
124 units were built in Zelenodolsk and Kerch between 1957 and 1968 . Boats were exported to Albania, Algeria, Egypt, Bulgaria, China, the GDR, Iraq, Cuba, North Korea, South Yemen and Vietnam. In North Korea twelve boats were built under license.
The armament of Project 201M consisted of a double-barreled 25 mm gun in the bow and in the stern, four RBU-1200 water bomb launchers and two racks for conventional depth charges. The first ships of this class ( Project 201 ) had no reactive depth charges, but a 45 mm gun in the stern. These ships were also known by the NATO code name Mischa class . The last ships in the class ( Project 201T ) had no stern gun, but two 406 mm torpedo tubes and shorter depth charges racks.
A hull-mounted Tamir-2 sonar was installed for submarine hunting . The boats of the export version had the older Tamir-1 .
Project 368
| Dimensions: | 29.6 m × 5.8 m × 1.5 m |
| Displacement: | 90 t maximum |
| Drive: | 2 M50 diesels, 2400 hp, 18 kn |
| Crew: | 10 |
34 boats on this project were built between 1953 and 1956, mainly for export. the armament consists of a double-barreled 14.5 mm machine gun .
Project 1041Z
| Dimensions: | 48.5 m × 9.2 m × 3.5 m |
| Displacement: | 357 t maximum |
| Drive: | 3 diesel, 14,400 hp, 3 screws, 31 kn |
| Crew: | 36 (4 officers) |
Series production of this patrol boat began in 1989. By 2004, 25 units were built in Vladivostok , Saint Petersburg and Yaroslavl . Three of them are in service with the Russian Navy and twenty with the border troops. Two were exported to Vietnam.
The armament consists of two 403-mm torpedo tubes, a 76-mm AK-176 gun in the bow, a six-barrel 30-mm anti-aircraft gun of the AK-630 M type, two PK-16 decoys and two depth charge racks with twelve depth charges. One unit has a second AK-630M gun.
The electronic equipment consists of airspace and surface radar Peel Cone, fire control radar Bass Tilt for the guns, Palm-Frond-B navigation radar, IFF transmitter High Pole B and the VDS sonar Rat Tail. All designations are NATO code names.
→ Weblinks
Project 1141
| Dimensions: | 50 m × 9.9 m × 4 m (without wing ) |
| Displacement: | 465 t |
| Drive: | see text |
| Crew: | 45 people |
The prototype of a class of hydrofoil anti- submarine speedboats entered service in 1977. The largest hydrofoil at the time had fully submerged hydrofoils analogous to project 1240 and was developed in parallel. A series production did not come about for the time being, only from 1986 two further modified boats were built, which are referred to as Project 11451 .
After the test phase, the prototype was put into service with the Black Sea Fleet under the name Aleksandr Kunachowitsch . It was named after the chief engineer of the Zelenodolsk design office , who developed the project.
The boat has a CODOG drive . A water jet drive with two diesel engines of the type M-401 with 2400 hp is used at speeds of up to 8 kn . At higher speeds, three gas turbines of the type NK-12M (36,000 HP) take over, which drive three pairs of propellers (one pusher and one pusher propeller). The top speed is 60 knots, the range 1230 miles at 8 knots.
The boat originally had two 406-mm quadruple torpedo tubes and two six-barreled 30-mm anti-aircraft guns of the type AK-630 . In 1991 it was converted as a test platform for the new anti-submarine guided missiles RPK-9 Medwedka (SS-N-29, two 533 mm quadruple starters). In 1994 the boat was decommissioned and later scrapped.
→ Weblinks
Project 1204
| Dimensions: | 27.7 m × 4.32 m × 2 m |
| Displacement: | 77 t maximum |
| Drive: | two diesel engines M-50F, 3600 HP, 24 kn |
| Crew: | 14th |
Work on the river monitors for Project 1204 began in 1965, presumably as a result of the intensifying Sino-Soviet conflict . The Amur River formed the border between China and the Soviet Union for a long stretch.
119 boats were built in Kerch and Khabarovsk between 1967 and 1974 . The ships were used on the Amur , Ussuri , the Danube and in the Caspian Flotilla .
The armament consisted of the turret of the light tank PT-76 with a 76-mm cannon, two double-barreled 14.5-mm machine guns, a BM-14 -17 rocket launcher and four 30-mm grenade launchers. The vertical armor is 10 mm thick, the deck and bridge deck are 5 mm thick.
Later boats had a 25 mm gun instead of the 14.5 mm machine gun.
Project 1208
| Dimensions: | 56 m × 9 m × 1.45 m |
| Displacement: | 450 t maximum |
| Drive: | 4600 hp, 23 kn |
| Crew: | 32 |
Work on this large river monitor began in 1967, but at that time there was no need for such ships. The prototype wasn't completed until 1975 and 21 units were built between 1978 and 1990.
The armament consisted of two armored turrets with 100 mm or 115 mm cannons, two six- barreled 30-mm guns AK-630 , two double-barreled 12.7-mm machine guns , two 30-mm grenade launchers and one 140-mm - PK-2 flare launcher.
The armor was 35 mm thick.
Two boats of this class were still in service in the Amur flotilla in 2004 , the others are in the reserve.
Project 1240
| Dimensions: | 56.6 m × 10.2 m × 2.34 m (without wing ) |
| Displacement: | 348 ts standard |
| Drive: | 2 gas turbines , 18,000 hp, 4 screws, 61.3 kn |
| Crew: | 35 |
This class was developed in 1977 by the Almaz design office in Leningrad. Unlike the earlier Soviet boats, this was the first type with fully submerged hydrofoils . Tests showed that the ship can handle sea strength 5 at a speed of over 50 kn with weapons ready for use.
The armament consisted of two double starters for anti-ship missiles P-120 Malachit (SS-N-9 Siren), a double starter for anti-aircraft missiles 4K33 Osa-M and a six-barrel 30 mm anti-aircraft gun of the type AK-630 .
The production of this class was probably too complex and expensive, so serial production was not started. Replacements were corvettes of the Nanuchka III class . The prototype was stationed in the Black Sea Fleet and was decommissioned in 1990. In 1992 it sank after a fire in the port of Sevastopol , was lifted and then dismantled.
→ Weblinks
Project 1248
| Dimensions: | 41.6 m × 7 m × 1 m |
| Displacement: | 150 t |
| Drive: | 3 M-401 diesel engines, 4200 hp, 18 kn |
| Crew: | 34 (3 officers) |
Seven boats of this class were built in Vladivostok for the Amur flotilla between 1980 and 1985 . The hull is the same as that of the Project 1249 patrol boats . The armament consists of a tank turret with a 76 mm or 115 mm cannon, a six- barreled 30-mm AK-630 gun , two double-barreled 12.7-mm machine guns and a PK-2 flare launcher.
Project 1249
| Dimensions: | 41.6 m × 7 m × 1 m |
| Displacement: | 150 t |
| Drive: | 3 M-401 diesel engines, 4200 hp, 18 kn |
| Crew: | 30 (3 officers) |
Eight ships of this class were built between 1980 and 1985 in Vladivostok or Khabarovsk for the Amur flotilla. The hull is the same as the project 1248 Moskit river monitors . The armament consists of a six-barreled 30-mm gun of the type AK-630 M and a 30-mm grenade launcher.
Six boats were in 2004 are still in service.
Project 1400
| Dimensions: | 22.9 m × 4.9 m × 1.5 m (without wing ) |
| Displacement: | 50 t maximum |
| Drive: | 2 M50 diesels with 2400 hp, 30 kn |
| Crew: | ? |
The ships of the Grif class have been built since 1970 and are used both by the Russian border troops and in other countries. Over 110 units were exported.
The armament consists of a double-barreled 12.7 mm machine gun in the bow. Some units have a second machine gun in the rear, most have a headlight instead. Some older ships, which were intended for the Soviet border troops, had one or two 14.5 mm machine guns of the type 2M-7 instead.
Older boats have two M50 diesel engines, newer boats have replaced them with more modern M-240s with 1500 hp each.
Two further variants are offered for export. Project 1400ME is an extended version with a six- barreled 30 mm gun of the type AK-630 M. Project 1400.6 is a wing variant with CODAG propulsion .
→ Weblinks
Project 1408.1
| Dimensions: | 14 m × 3.5 m × 0.55 m |
| Displacement: | 13 t |
| Drive: | an M-401B diesel, 1000 hp, water jet propulsion , 35 kn |
| Crew: | two plus 4-8 passengers |
This aluminum-hulled, unarmed boat has been built 20 times in Perm since 1986 . It has also been offered for export since 1993.
Project 11451
| Dimensions: | 50 m × 9.9 m × 4 m (without wing ) |
| Displacement: | 465 t |
| Drive: | COGAG drive |
| Crew: | 39 people |
In the 1980s, it was planned to build a larger series of U-Hunting express boats based on Project 1141 . But only two were built until the collapse of the Soviet Union , after which this project was canceled.
The dimensions correspond to those of project 1141 . A COGAG drive with a gas turbine with 10,000 HP for cruising and two additional gas turbines with 20,000 HP for maximum speed ensures an increased cruising speed. The range is now 1600 nm at 14 kn.
The boats have two 406 mm quadruple torpedo tubes like the prototype. The secondary armament has been changed and now consists of a 76 mm AK-176 gun , a six-barrel 30 mm AK-630 anti- aircraft gun, a Strela-3 F (SA-N-8) anti- aircraft missile launcher and one PK-16 decoy launcher.
Both ships were put into service with the Black Sea Fleet , but in 2008 only one boat, the MPK-220 Wladimirez, is active. The MPK-215 was decommissioned in 2001.
→ Weblinks
Project 12130
| Dimensions: | 33.4 m × 4.2 m × 0.8 m |
| Displacement: | 98 t maximum |
| Drive: | two M-4015 diesels, 1000 hp, 25 kn |
| Crew: | 17 (2 officers) |
This smaller version of the river patrol boats of Project 1249 has been built in Khabarovsk since 1999 . The armament consists of two 30 mm AK-630 guns , two 7.62 mm machine guns and 9K38 Igla anti -aircraft missiles . The number of units put into service is unknown.
→ Weblinks
Project 12150
| Dimensions: | 19.5 m × 4.6 m × 1.1 m |
| Displacement: | 27 t |
| Drive: | two M-470 diesels, 53 kn |
| Crew: | 6th |
This patrol boat was developed by the Almas design office in Saint Petersburg. The prototype was built in the Wympel shipyard in Rybinsk and put into service in 2001.
The basic armament consists of one 14.5 mm and one or two 7.62 mm machine guns. In addition, different armament versions are offered. Anti- aircraft missiles 9K38 Igla, ground missiles Wichr and grenade launchers DP-64 are available for defense against combat swimmers.
The 12150W project is a modification with a 30mm gun, presumably AK-306, and surface missiles. In this case it is presumably a Wicher-K type missile turret .
The 12150M project is a variant with special equipment for sea rescue operations .
→ Weblinks
Project 14232
| Dimensions: | 34 m × 6.6 m × 2.7 m |
| Displacement: | 126 t maximum |
| Drive: | two M-521 diesels, 16,184 hp, 2 screws, 48 kn |
| Crew: | 12 |
A special feature of this class is the air cushion created under the torso, which reduces friction. This will improve performance.
This class is also offered for export and the range of weapons is quite wide. Unarmed boats are built (two boats between 1996 and 2000), but also the 9K38 Igla anti- aircraft missiles, Wichr-K ground missiles , the AK-306 gun or the Wicher-K missile turret and 14.5 mm to 7 , 62mm machine guns offered.
→ Weblinks
Project 14310
| Dimensions: | 34 m × 6.6 m × 2.7 m |
| Displacement: | 126 t maximum |
| Drive: | two M-521 diesels, 16,184 hp, 2 screws, 48 kn |
| Crew: | 12 |
This boat with an aluminum-magnesium hull was designed by the Almas design office; until 2004 a unit was built in Rybinsk . A series of 20 boats is planned.
The armament consists of two by three surface-to- surface missiles of the type 9K114 Schturm (NATO code: AT-6 Spiral ), eight anti-aircraft missiles of the type 9K38 Igla (NATO code: SA-18 Grouse ), a six-barreled AK-306 - Gun and two 7.62 mm machine guns .
→ Weblinks
References
Web links
- Project 122
- Project 123
- Photo album of a 123K Komsomolez museum ship
- Description of the Korean version at globalsecurity.org
- Project 133
- Dates and sketch at warships.ru (Russian)
- Project 1041Z
- Dates and sketch at warships.ru (Russian)
- Project 1141
- Description of Aleksandr Kunachowitsch at flot.sevastopol.info (Russian, detailed)
- short description and drawing on narod.ru (Russian)
- Project 1240
- Ракетный катер на подводных крыльях проекта 1240 «Ураган» in the Russian language Wikipedia
- Description at rusarmy.com (Russian)
- short description and drawing on narod.ru (Russian)
- Project 1400
- Dates and sketches ( memento of May 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) at atrinaflot.narod.ru (Russian)
- Project 11451
- Description of the MPK-220 Wladimirez at flot.sevastopol.info (Russian, detailed)
- Description of the MPK-215 at flot.sevastopol.info (Russian)
- Description of the MPK-220 Wladimirez at flot.sevastopol.info (English, short)
- short description and drawing on narod.ru (Russian)
- Project 12130
- short description on korabel.ru (Russian)
- Project 12150
- Description on arms-expo.ru (Russian)
- Description of the Wicher-K weapon system on new-factoria.ru (Russian)
- Description of the grenade launcher DP-64 on kill-guns.ru (Russian)
- Project 14232
- Project 14310
literature
- Jane's Fighting Ships 2004-2005. Jane's Information Group , ISBN 0-7106-2623-1
- Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995. Naval Institute Press Annapolis, Maryland
Individual evidence
- ↑ morye.kafa.crimea.ua ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
