Brotherhood of the Holy Prince Wladimir eV Bratstwo

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The Brotherhood of the Holy Prince Vladimir e. V. Bratstwo is a Russian Orthodox ecclesiastical charity in Germany , which was founded in 1890 by the head of the Russian embassy church of St. Wladimir in Berlin , Archpriest Alexej Maltzew (1854–1915), was founded to help needy Russian citizens of all Christian denominations and Orthodox Christians of all nationalities . The tasks of the brotherhood also included the construction and maintenance of Russian Orthodox churches in Germany.

history

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The need to found a Russian charity in Germany arose after the end of the 19th century, in the course of the European wave of emigration to America, more and more failed Russian emigrants found themselves in the German port cities , where they found themselves, mostly impoverished and mostly unsuccessful with the request turned to Russian diplomatic missions for help. Archpriest Alexej Maltzew , who was appointed embassy chaplain in Berlin in 1886 , recognized the situation and in 1888 obtained permission from St. Petersburg Metropolitan Isidor (Nikol'skij), who is responsible for the Russian churches in Western Europe, and the Russian Foreign Ministry to found a church charity or a " brotherhood ", as they are called according to Orthodox tradition. The founding meeting of the brotherhood took place on April 10, 1890 in the building of the Russian embassy in Berlin . According to the statutes , the current Russian ambassador was ex officio the honorary chairman of the brotherhood's general meetings. The patronage took Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich (brother of the Emperor Alexander III. ). In fact, the management of the association was incumbent on Archpriest A. Maltzew, who formally was initially treasurer and later secretary.

In the village of Dalldorf (renamed Wittenau in 1905 ) near the Berlin suburb of Tegel, the brotherhood built the Alexanderheim (in memory of Tsar Alexander III ) in 1895 , a hospice to which various workshops, a printing shop and a gardening shop were connected people in need were able to earn money for their return journey to Russia through work without having to be a beggar. There was also a Russian library and a museum of Russian culture in the house. Opposite the Alexanderheim, the brotherhood set up an Orthodox cemetery in 1892 , the cemetery chapel of which is in honor of St. Konstantin and Helena was inaugurated in 1894. Then the brotherhood built the All Saints Church in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (1899), the Church of Sergius von Radonesch in Bad Kissingen (1901), the Church of St. Archangel Michael in Görbersdorf in Silesia (today Sokolowsko ) (1901), the house chapel of St. Nikolaus in Hamburg-Harvestehude (1901/02), the Church of St. Innokentij von Irkutsk and Seraphim von Sarow in Bad Nauheim (1908) (the former Lutheran Reinhardskirche was bought here), the house chapel of St. Maria Magdalena in Bad Brückenau (1908), the Russian hospice in Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (1911), a provisional house chapel in the Hotel "Kaiserhof" in Bad Wildungen (1912) and a house chapel in Danzig (1913). The outbreak of the First World War prevented the planned construction of a cathedral of St. Andreas in Berlin .

The brotherhood's charitable activities were not limited to Germany. Thanks to generous donations, she supported the victims of bad harvests in central Russia with aid deliveries , sent packages to Russian prisoners of war in Japan , and helped the disabled and orphans in Russia .

The First World War interrupted the activities of the Brotherhood, whose members were expelled to Russia in 1914. Archpriest A. Maltzew died in Kislovodsk in 1915 and was buried in the Nikol'sky cemetery in St. Petersburg .

After the Russian Revolution of 1917 , the Russian emigrants who fled to Berlin included several old members of the brotherhood, which they finally registered as a registered association in 1923 . However, there were no more funds to continue the charitable activity, the association was overwhelmed with the maintenance of its churches. Nevertheless, Major General Nikolaj Iwanowitsch Globachev (1869–1947), member of the brotherhood and chairman of the Association of Russian War invalids in Germany, built a hostel for Russian war invalids in Berlin-Tegel in 1921 , and Major General Alexej Alexandrowitsch von Lampe (1885–1967) was a member of the Brotherhood and chairman of the Russian General Warriors' Union (ROWS) in Germany, erected a war memorial « To the loyal sons of great Russia » on the grounds of the cemetery in Berlin-Tegel in 1938 to commemorate those who died in the First World War and the Russian Civil War .

Since 1938 the brotherhood of the Russian Orthodox Diocese of the Orthodox Bishop of Berlin and Germany (corporation under public law) belongs to ( Russian Orthodox Church Abroad ).

After the Second World War , the occupation authorities handed over the property of the Brotherhood in Berlin to the Moscow Patriarchate in 1945 . The board of directors of the brotherhood was now in West Germany . In 1961, the association's headquarters were officially relocated to Bad Kissingen .

From 1990 the chairman of the brotherhood Gleb Rahr (1922-2006) established ties with the Moscow Patriarchate. When the association was forced to close its house chapel in Hamburg-Harvestehude in 1995 for financial reasons , it handed over the field iconostasis there , which had been made for the Russian garrison in Memel during the Seven Years' War , at the request of Metropolitan Kyrill (Gundjajew) from Smolensk and Kaliningrad to the new Russian Orthodox Cathedral of Christ the Savior in Kaliningrad (formerly Königsberg i. Pr.).

In 1996 the Brotherhood put a modest cash reserve for charitable purposes, the interest income from which is used for children's aid projects in Russia. At the same time, with the publication of the « Bratstwo-Boten », a certain journalistic activity developed again.

In the first years of the 21st century, the Brotherhood built up a network of partners in Russia who have supported it in their work ever since. These include u. a. the “Brotherhood of St. Vladimir "(Bratstwo Swjatogo Wladimira) in Moscow , the Russian Cultural Foundation (Rossijskij Fond Kul'tury), the State Archives of the Russian Federation (Gosudarstvennyj Archiw Rossijskoj Federazii), the Foundation" Russian Abroad "(Russkoe Sarubeschje) and the" Russian Society St. Petersburg ”(Russkoe Obschestwo Sankt-Peterburga).

In 2006 the brotherhood was restored as the owner of the Russian cemetery in Berlin-Tegel. She continues to make the cemetery and the church available to the Berlin diocese of the Moscow Patriarchate. The Embassy of the Russian Federation in Berlin commissioned the brotherhood in 2008 with the maintenance of old Russian monuments and graves in Germany.

At the end of 2009 the brotherhood had about 50 members in different countries belonging to different ecclesiastical jurisdictions ( Russian Church Abroad , Moscow Patriarchate , Exarchate of Orthodox Congregations of Russian Tradition in Western Europe , Polish Orthodox Church and Orthodox Church in America ).

Board of Directors

Founder and leader of the brotherhood

Patrons of the Brotherhood

The kaiserl.-russ. Ambassador as Honorary Chairman of the Brotherhood

Chairman of the Brotherhood

  • 1922–1924 Alexandra Dubasoff, b. Sipjagin
  • 1924-1936 Sergius Botkin
  • 1936–1951 Vera Konstantinovna Romanowa
  • 1951–1955 Michael von Medem
  • 1955–1963 Nikolaus von Guerard
  • 1963–1967 Nikolaus von Fabricius
  • 1967–1971 Alexander Spakowitsch
  • 1971-1983 Leo von Serow
  • 1983-2004 Gleb Rahr
  • since 2004 Dimitrij Rahr

Works

  • Bratsky Jeschegodnik. Prawoslawnye zerkwi i russkie utschreschdenija sa granizeyu (Bratstvo yearbook. Orthodox churches and Russian institutions abroad) (Russian). Bratstwo self-published, St Petersburg 1906.
  • K XV-letiju Sw. Knjas'-Wladimirskogo Bratstva (On the 15th anniversary of the Brotherhood of St. Prince Vladimir) (Russian). Bratstwo self-published, Berlin 1906.
  • Berlinsky Bratsky Wremennik. Prawoslawnye zerkwi i russkie utschreschdenija sa granizeju (Berlin Bratstwo yearbook. Orthodox churches and Russian institutions abroad) (Russian). Bratstwo self-published, Berlin 1911.
  • Bratskij Westnik (Bratstwo-Bote) (Russian), № 1-20, Bad Kissingen 1996–2002.

literature

  • Bratsky Jeschegodnik. Prawoslawnye zerkwi i russkie utschreschdenija sa granizeyu (Bratstvo yearbook. Orthodox churches and Russian institutions abroad) (Russian). Bratstwo self-published, St Petersburg 1906.
  • K XV-letiju Sw. Knjas'-Wladimirskogo Bratstwa (For the 15th anniversary of the brotherhood of St. Prince Vladimir) (Russian), Bratstwo-Selbstverlag, Berlin 1906.
  • Berlinsky Bratsky Wremennik. Prawoslawnye zerkwi i russkie utschreschdenija sa granizeju (Berlin Bratstwo yearbook. Orthodox churches and Russian institutions abroad) (Russian). Bratstwo self-published, Berlin 1911.
  • Bratskij Westnik (Bratstwo-Bote) (Russian), № 1-20, Bad Kissingen 1996–2002.
  • Joachim Danz: Alexios von Maltzew. His liturgical edition and his ecumenical intention . Diploma thesis in the department of Catholic theology; Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg, 1985.
  • Monika Gräfin Ignatiew: Russian Churches in German Baths , accompanying document to the exhibition 1989–1990 in the Gothic House Bad Homburg, Bad Homburg 1989.
  • Nikolaus Thon : The Russian Orthodox community in Berlin until the beginning of the First World War . In: The "Christian East" . Würzburg 1986.
  • Ralf Schmiedecke: Reinickendorf. Berlin's green north . Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 2003.
  • Dimitrij Rahr: Woswraschschenie Bratstwu chrama sww. rawnoapostol'nych Konstantina i Eleny i russkago kladbischscha w Berline-Tegele (return of the Church of St. Konstantin and Helena and the Russian cemetery in Berlin-Tegel to the brotherhood) (Russian). In: Bratskij Westnik , № 21, Bad Kissingen 2006.
  • Michael Keul: The history of the Russian Orthodox St. Sergius Church in Bad Kissingen . Abitur thesis, Bad Kissingen 1982.
  • Gleb Rahr : The Russian Church in Bad Kissingen . Possev-Verlag, Frankfurt 1984.
  • Gleb Rahr: One hundred years of the Russian Church in Bad Kissingen . Verlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg 1999.
  • Irene von Schweder: The Russian Orthodox Church in Bad Nauheim, Reinhardstrasse 14 . Accompanying document for church tours. Bad Nauheim 1972; City archive Bad Nauheim.
  • Gleb Rahr: On the history of the Russian Orthodox Church in Bad Nauheim and its historical iconostasis . Lecture from July 3, 1991. Bad Nauheim town archive.
  • Wolfgang Heller:  MAL'CEV, Aleksej Petrovič. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 5, Bautz, Herzberg 1993, ISBN 3-88309-043-3 , Sp. 610-613.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive  on 2007-06-29)
  • Dimitrij Rahr: Brief history of the Reinhardskirche / Russian Church in Bad Nauheim . Lecture on July 21, 2008. Bad Nauheim City Archives.
  • Dimitrij Rahr: History of the Russian Church in Bad Brückenau . Lecture on August 3, 2008 in Bad Brückenau. Bratstwo archive Bad Kissingen.
  • Käte Gaede: Russian Orthodox Church in Germany in the first half of the 20th century . Stenone-Verlag, Cologne 1985.
  • Georg Silk: Responsibility in the Diaspora. The Russian Orthodox Church Abroad . Publishing house d. Klosters d. St. Job von Potschajew, Munich 1989.
  • Georg Silk: The Russian Orthodox Church abroad with special consideration of the German diocese . Publishing house d. Klosters d. St. Job von Potschajew, Munich 2001.
  • Tatiana Forner: Russians in Germany . Self-published by Club Dialog e. V., Berlin 2008.
  • Wolfgang Timmler: Under Moscow Patriarchate - The Russian Orthodox Cemetery in Tegel . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 9, 1999, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 80-83 ( luise-berlin.de ).
  • Maltzew. In: Europaica Bulletin , No. 39/2004

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Leonid K. Skarenkov: A Chronicle of the Russian emigration in Germany. General Alexey von Lampe's materials . In: Karl Schlögel (ed.): Russian emigration in Germany 1918 to 1941. Life in the European civil war. Oldenbourg Akademie, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-05-002801-7 , pp. 39-76
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