Schildeck Castle

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Schildeck Castle
Creation time : probably 11th century
Castle type : Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status: ruin
Place: Schondra - Schildeck - "Schildeckersberg"
Geographical location 50 ° 17 '14.2 "  N , 9 ° 51' 51.7"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 17 '14.2 "  N , 9 ° 51' 51.7"  E
Height: 590.4  m above sea level NN
Schildeck Castle (Bavaria)
Schildeck Castle

Schildeck Castle is a former high medieval aristocratic castle in the Rhön region , south of the village of the same name, Schildeck , a district of the municipality of Schondra , in the Lower Franconian district of Bad Kissingen in Bavaria . From the castle, which the diocese of Fulda once had built, only sparse wall remains and a moat have survived. The ruin of the summit castle is freely accessible at all times.

Geographical location

The castle ruins are located on the wooded, rounded knoll of the free-standing Schildeckersberg at 590.4  m above sea level. NN Höhe, south-east of the Bad Brückenau-Wildflecken exit of the federal motorway 7 , about 18 kilometers north-west of Bad Kissingen .

Also on the Mettermich , in the immediate western vicinity, there was a fortification from the late La Tène period ( Mettermich ring wall ), a little further to the northeast is the Osterburg castle ruins and south of Frauenroth was the former Burkardroth castle, which has only been preserved as a castle stables .

History of the castle

The castle was probably built in the 11th century by the diocese of Fulda to protect the border with the diocese of Würzburg . In 1315 it was divided between the Counts of Henneberg and the Fulda Abbot. It was the official seat until the middle of the 14th century, in 1349 the office was moved to Brückenau . Through sale or inheritance, the ownership of the castle often changed between different noble families and the dioceses of Fulda and Würzburg. The owners included Kurmainz - whose shares in the castle after 1443 were held jointly by the Counts of Hanau and the Counts of Rieneck for a time - the Barons of Haberkorn and the von der Tann family . The castle was destroyed by the Swedes during the Thirty Years War .

Today the castle ruin is a monument D-6-72-149-25 "Castle ruin Schildeck, wall remains and cellar vault of a castle from the 13th / 14th. Century "and as a ground monument D-6-5725-0006" Medieval to early modern castle stables "Schildeck" "recorded by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .

description

The castle ruins on the basalt dome of the Schildeckersberg have an oval shape that extends from northwest to southeast. In this direction it has a diameter of 100 meters, from northeast to southwest 55 meters. On the steep slope around this hilltop, there is a five-meter-wide slope trench , to which a four-meter-wide and one-and-a-half meter high outer wall was laid. This ring wall is exposed on the west side of the castle site, here is a 20 meter wide terrace in front of the castle.

The castle plateau rises steeply from the ditch, on it there are still remains of walls made of fine-grained quartzite rock , as well as a very flat cellar vault . In the middle of this castle plateau there is also a tower-like elevation with a diameter of six meters and a height of three meters.

literature

  • Walter Schilling: The castles, palaces and mansions of Lower Franconia . 1st edition. Echter Verlag, Würzburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-429-03516-7 , p. 138.
  • Konrad M. Müller: Medieval Franconia . Stürtz Verlag, Würzburg 1980, ISBN 3-8003-0141-5 , p. 143.
  • Björn-Uwe Abels : The prehistoric and early historical site monuments of Lower Franconia . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 6). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1979, ISBN 3-7847-5306-X , p. 84.
  • Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum (Ed.): Guide to prehistoric and early historical monuments, Volume 28: Bad Kissingen, Franconian Saale, Grabfeld, southern Rhön . Verlag Philipp von Zabern , Mainz 1975, DNB 760046239 , p. 98.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Location of the castle ruins in the Bavaria Atlas
  2. ↑ Konrad M. Müller: Medieval Franconia , p. 143.
  3. ↑ Walter Schilling: The castles, palaces and mansions of Lower Franconia , p. 138.
  4. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 209 .
  5. ↑ List of monuments for Schondra (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 135 kB)