Burgstall Emmenhausen

Burgstall Emmenhausen
Castle Hill (1974)
Alternative name (s):	Calvary
Creation time :	unknown
Castle type :	Niederungsburg, moth
Conservation status:	Hill with ditch
Standing position :	Ministerials
Place:	Emmenhausen
Geographical location	47 ° 59 '48.7 "  N , 10 ° 47' 58.1"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 59 '48.7 "  N , 10 ° 47' 58.1"  E

Plan of the castle stable from 1899

Lourdes grotto

Cross road sign

The Burgstall Emmenhausen is an abandoned castle in Emmenhausen , a district of the municipality of Waal in the Ostallgäu district .

description

Around 300 meters southwest of the parish church at the western end of the village rises a 10 to 15 meter high circular hill, which is lined with trees. The artificially created system has a diameter of about 50 meters. The ditch that originally completely surrounded it can still be seen on the south and west sides. Partly it is filled with water, the rest is swampy.

Raiser reported in 1829 that old walls could still be found there. It was probably the remains of a residential tower on the Motte . The tower is mentioned in a document from 1573. There is even talk of a “hidden passage”. The mound, mentioned in 1899, has long been leveled.

history

Castle

From the middle of the 12th century, Emmenhausen was owned by a local noble family. "Werimar de Emmenh." And "Wernherus de Emmenhusen" are known. They notarize donations, once in the vicinity of high estates ministerial offices and once in welfischer . It can be assumed that the owners of the village had their residence in this castle.

In the 14th century Emmenhausen belonged to the Knights of Nordholz, whose headquarters were near Rennertshofen ( Illertissen ). The brothers Wigelais, Pilgrim and Eitel von Nordholz are named. From their heirs, the rule with the "Hemmenhausen Castle" was sold in 1420 to the Kaufbeur patrician Ulrich Honold (* around 1390; † 1466).

Because the Honolde lived mainly in Kaufbeuren or Augsburg at that time , it can be assumed that the old tower hill castle was not inhabited by them. From 1474 they began to have a castle built “from scratch” in Emmenhausen. There the 13th (* 1482) and 14th child (* 1484) of Anton I. Honold were born.

On the other hand, he apparently set up a bird hearth on the old castle site soon afterwards . That was not lawful, because only the bishopric Augsburg had the right to hunt in the Emmenhausen rule. Because of the good relationships with the Augsburg prince-bishops, this initially remained unimagined and Bishop Christoph von Stadion and his successor Otto von Waldburg came to the Vogelherd and “looked for amusement” there. At least that's what Hans III said. Honold, after a legal dispute with the next Bishop Eglof zu Knöringen .

The background to the differences was that Bishop Eglof, a declared opponent of the Reformation , no longer wanted to grant Hans Honold, who professed his evangelical faith, the right to a bird hearth. Eglof therefore ordered his hunter in Denklingen to destroy the facility in 1573 . The officer then had the Vogelherd “hacked up” and “devastated” by smashing the stove and the windows. He confiscated the decoys and the nets ("yarn") and captured the bird. He only released it after a quarter of a mile, after he had promised to "restore" himself. Hans Honold complained about this in a letter to Bishop Eglof on September 29, 1573. He inherited this Vogelherd, which has existed for 50 and more years, from his ancestors. In 1525 the rebellious peasants - "sampt dem Thurm so dabey" - had it to defend themselves.

Honold's complaint was unsuccessful. A letter from the episcopal chancellery dated October 14, 1573 shows that the dispute had started earlier. About 16 years ago he, Honold, had been "torn apart" by the bailiff in Buchloe , Christoph von Bollstatt, and then again six or seven years ago. In addition, when the bishop took office, Honold asked for “favor of the woad”. They don't go together.

In the reply, Honold did not respond to his request for permission to hunt, but claimed that the flocks of birds destroyed by Bollstatt had not been established by him, but by his farmers. They have been abolished again because the farmers have not paid the stock money.

The legal dispute dragged on until mid-1574, when Hans Honold through his lawyer Dr. Hafner wanted to file a lawsuit with the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Speyer . The file is accompanied by an (undated) letter to the emperor in which the facts are presented again. He, Honold, had paid the Turkish aid at any time , which proves that he was a member of the imperial knighthood . He therefore asked his Imperial Majesty that an "advocacy" be sent to the bishop so that his old rights could be restored.

At about the same time, however, Honold commissioned a Dr. Johann Jakob Friedl, to negotiate hunting rights with the episcopal government in Emenhausen . Honold offered to pay for a right to hunt. The 24th document in the file is then also a (still undated) declaration of commitment by Honold that he will pay the Vogt of Buchloe a sum of money annually on St. Gallus Day for the two flocks of birds he has been granted (one large and one small). If canceled, he will put it back.

In December of the year after the contract had still not been concluded, Honold asked for verbal or written approval of the agreement, because "the Krammetvögel could now be caught easily". He also expressed the wish to be able to hunt foxes and rabbits without the bishop suffering any disadvantage in his right to game .

The final approval was probably only available in the middle of next year. On June 17, 1575 Honold received a message from a brother-in-law that the bishop had been “gracious enough” and that Honold might be able to achieve even more over time. The latter apparently actually happened, because in 1591 - 16 years later - Honold wrote to Bishop Johann Otto von Gemmingen that his predecessors, Bishop Eglof and also Bishop Marquard II. Von Berg had given him the hunt for foxes, hares and rabbits in a certain district Deer allowed. After this right had expired through the death of Marquard († 1591), he asked for the further granting of the right to co-hunt. With the application, also joined Marx and Hans Fugger on, which shows that Honold had influential friends.

After the Emmenhausen rulership was sold to the Holy Cross Monastery in Augsburg in 1609, the Vogelherd was probably no longer used. At the end of the 18th century only "a sunken castle on the Burgstadl" was told.

Calvary

Today's Kalvarienberg owes its existence to the pastor Franz Seraph Ringmeir. Soon after he was raised in Emmenhausen, in 1890 he acquired the grounds of the Burgstall from the Bruggmoser couple (house number 28, "bei Wiedemann") . In the same year the filled moat was dug again on three sides with a large participation of the population of Emmenhausen and Bronnen . A “suitable forecourt and festival area” was created on the east side. A Lourdes grotto was created there , to which 1,200 quintals of fine tuff stones from Polling and 200 quintals from Ellingen in Thuringia were brought. The Landsberg master stonemason, Xaver Sepp, was supposed to make them so that they were as similar as possible to the one in Lourdes. In 1892 the fairground in front of the grotto was planted with chestnut trees.

At that time, a spiral path was laid out to the top of the former castle hill, leading to a Christ on the cross. Until 1884, neo-Gothic cross - way tables were set up next to this path and the Christ was completed to form a crucifixion group with the statues of his mother Mary and St. John . All cast iron figures were delivered by C. Nikolaus Martin from Würzburg , but they probably come from the Achental mountain and hut administration in the Chiemsee area .

Every year the parish celebrates the day of the church patron St. Ulrich with a service on the fairground in front of the Lourdes grotto.

literature

• Anton von Steichele: The diocese of Augsburg . Volume 6, 1883.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Johann Nep. Franz Anton von Raiser: Contributions to Art and Antiquity in the Upper Danube District , 1829
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Bavarian Main State Archives Munich, KL Augsburg Hl. Kreuz 69
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Christian Frank, Deutsche Gaue Vol. 1, pp. 206-209 and 243-244
4. ↑ Steichele, p. 56
5. ↑ Bertold Pölcher: The Kaufbeurer patrician family Honold vom Luchs . In: Kaufbeurer Geschichtsblätter Bn. 7 No. 9 (1977), p. 258
6. ↑ Chronicle of Honold von Luchs in the Protestant Church Archives in Kaufbeuren, begun in 1516 by Anton II Honold and completed in 1571 by Dominikus Honold
7. ↑ later pagination
8. ↑ Height not mentioned
9. ^ Bertold Pölcher: House Chronicle of Emmenhausen Volume II, p. 12