Carl Heydemann

Carl Heydemann, painting in the Stralsund town hall

Carl Emanuel Heydemann (born February 17, 1878 in Ticino ; † October 21, 1939 in Rostock ) was Lord Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Stralsund from 1924 to 1936 .

Life

Carl Heydemann was born as the son of the Ticino mayor . He attended school first in Güstrow and later in Rostock and studied from 1896 at the University of Rostock , Heidelberg , Berlin , and in 1899 again Rostock law . He passed the judge's exam on December 23, 1904 in Rostock. From January 1905 he first worked as a court assessor and received his doctorate in the summer of 1905. After working for the Mecklenburg State Insurance Institute and in a law firm , he took up a position as a councilor in Stralsund in January 1907. Just a few months later, he became the Hanseatic city's police director. On October 31, 1910, Heydemann was elected to the syndic .

The First World War came Heyde man as Lieutenant on, but was wounded by the Russians captured. In 1918 he managed to escape from captivity near Vladivostok . On May 25, 1918, Heydemann announced his return in writing to the Lord Mayor of Stralsund from Dünaburg . On June 15, 1918 he arrived in Stralsund and resumed his old job. In 1919 he was given a short leave of absence from the revolutionary workers 'and soldiers' council . Soon, however, Heydemann was reinstated and served as the syndic until 1924 .

In 1924, the Lord Mayor of Stralsund, Ernst August Friedrich Gronow , retired ; thus the post of Lord Mayor became vacant . Gronow wanted Carl Heydemann to be his successor and presented this request to the Reich Interior Minister in Berlin. The latter suggested putting up two more hopeless candidates against Heydemann in order to maintain the claim to a democratic election. On May 20, 1924 Heyde man was from the city council and the citizenry determined to Gronows successor as the "first mayor"; it was not until 1925 that he received the title of "Lord Mayor". His term of office was limited for the first time in Stralsund's history, it should not exceed twelve years.

Heydemann announced in his inaugural address that he sees the coverage of expenses through income as a guideline for his rule. He wanted to modernize the Stralsund harbor and build apartments. During his time, among other things, the construction of the residential buildings in the mayor's quarter , the building of the Reichsbank at today's Platz der Solidarität and the start of construction work on the Rügen dam .

His commitment to intensifying relations with Sweden earned him the Swedish Knight's Cross First Class of the North Star Order .

Heydemann joined the German National People's Party in 1927 . On March 12, 1933, the NSDAP achieved an absolute majority in the election for citizenship in Stralsund. Heydemann's DNVP was able to roughly maintain its share of the vote (3,596 votes in the Reichstag election in July 1932 , 4,537 in the Reichstag election in 1933 ). The new "Citizens' College" met on April 5, 1933. After the eight elected SPD members did not attend the meetings after a few weeks, the NSDAP also tried to overthrow its previous partner, the DNVP. On June 7, 1933, the NSDAP parliamentary group introduced a motion of censure against Heydemann and the mayor Walter Fredenhagen. The motion was accepted by a majority of the NSDAP against the votes of the DNVP. However, neither Heydemann, Fredenhagen, nor Syndikus Kröning resigned immediately; only the interior minister could have ordered the mayor's dismissal. At a meeting of the council on October 22, 1934, Heydemann told the assembled councilors, the majority of whom had again expressed their distrust, that he himself was the “leader of self-administration”, “as long as the mayor had the confidence of the interior minister”. Further attempts to force him out of office also failed: Heydemann stayed for the full twelve years of his tenure. His successor was Dr. Werner Stoll, who came from Waltershausen and was a member of the NSDAP. The Heydemanns family moved to Rostock , where Carl Heydemann died in 1939.

Aftermath

Immediately after the Second World War was Horst Wessel ring in honor of Carl Heyde's in Carl-Heydemann ring renamed. However, this renaming was canceled in 1969 and the street was named after Wilhelm Pieck , the first President of the GDR . Heydemann was accused by the leadership of the GDR of having played an "extremely pro-fascist role". In fact, in his function as head of the police in Stralsund in 1933, Heydemann signed the “protective custody” orders against communists and social democrats . By the end of August 1933, however, he was able to bring some of the prisoners back to Stralsund from the Sonnenburg concentration camp . Communists were among those released. The first mayor of Stralsund after the Second World War, Otto Kortüm , was also one of the freedmen. He was very committed to naming the street after Heydemann and later for its rehabilitation .

family

Heydemann's father, Karl Heydemann, was mayor in (Bad) Sülze, then in Ticino, later President of the Regional Court in Güstrow and finally President of the Higher Regional Court in Rostock. His brother Ernst Heydemann was the (first) Lord Mayor of Rostock from 1919, from 1925 to 1930 . Another brother, Heinrich Heydemann (1881–1973), was a police senator, mayor, and then mayor of Güstrow .

Awards

• North Star Order (Knight)

literature

• Grete Grewolls: Who was who in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. The dictionary of persons . Hinstorff Verlag, Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-356-01301-6 , p. 4197 .

Web links

• Literature about Carl Heydemann in the state bibliography MV

Individual evidence

1. ^ Entry 1896 in the Rostock matriculation portal
2. ^ Entry in 1899 in the Rostock matriculation portal