Caspar Ulenberg

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Contemporary portrait
Caspar Ulenberg
Caspar Ulenberg bust behind the Suitbertus-Gymnasium in Kaiserswerth (2017)

Caspar Ulenberg (partly also Kaspar Ulenberg ) (born December 24, 1548 in Lippstadt , North Rhine-Westphalia ; † February 16, 1617 in Cologne ) was a German Catholic theologian , Bible translator , poet , composer and rector of the University of Cologne .

Life

Caspar Ulenberg came from Protestant parents, his father was a craftsman. He attended the Latin schools in Lippstadt and Soest and from 1567 the Martineum grammar school in Braunschweig. On April 25, 1569 he began studying philosophy and theology at the University of Wittenberg . After completing his first degree, he was a teacher in Lunden in 1570/1571 . Then his family sent him to the University of Cologne to persuade his cousin Andreas Roder, who had converted to Catholicism, to return to the Protestant church. Ulenberg succeeded. But at the same time, through his controversial theological debate with the Catholic faith he initially opposed , Ulenberg learned to appreciate it more and more. In 1572 he converted to the Catholic Church.

Ulenberg continued his studies in Cologne; on October 19, 1572 he signed the register . He completed this course on March 11, 1574 with the academic degree of a master's degree and became a professor at the Laurentianum grammar school in Cologne on December 22, 1575 . In 1576 he was ordained a priest ; he became pastor in Kaiserswerth .

In 1583 he returned to Cologne. First he was pastor at St. Kunibert , the largest parish in Cologne at the time, from 1592 22 years of rain at the Laurentianum grammar school , from 1605 pastor at St. Kolumba and from 1610 to 1612 rector of the university.

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As a poet

His main work as a poet are Die Psalmen Davids in all sorts of German chants , a adaptation of the biblical psalms . He wrote it when he was a pastor in Kaiserswerth; They were published in 1582. It is the most important Catholic contribution to the psalm song of the 16th century. Commonly known as “Ulenberg's Psalms”, this book was the most widely read (and sung) psalm poetry among Catholics until well into the 19th century. It was revised and published again and again until 1835.

As a spiritual and theological author

His experiences as a pastor made Ulenberg the author of spiritual writings. Most popular was his book of comfort for the sick and dying , published in 1590 . It is in the tradition of the late medieval ars moriendi . With the same intention he published writings by Thomas von Kempen .

His theological works were - in view of his life story and his conversions as well as the church conditions in Cologne obvious - apologetic . His main work was Considerable and important reasons why the old-faithful Catholic Christians persist in the old true Christianity until their death . It also appeared in Latin. His catechism , which he had written as pastor at St. Kolumba, appeared posthumously (1626).

As a Bible translator

After the Vulgate had been revised ( editio Sixtina or Sixto-Clementina ) at the instigation of Popes Sixtus V and Clement VIII , it proved necessary to also revise the German translation by Johann Dietenberger . On a recommendation from the Cologne Jesuits , the Archbishop of Cologne Ferdinand of Bavaria commissioned Ulenberg to do this. Ulenberg began his work in 1614 and finished it shortly before his death in 1617. However, the revision manuscript initially remained unpublished as a result of the Thirty Years' War . It was not until 1630 that the revised version was printed by Johan Kreps in Cologne in a large folio volume decorated with engravings under the supervision of the Jesuits; the New Testament was simultaneously published by the same publisher in a simpler octave format. Since this revision one also speaks of the "Dietenberger-Ulenberg Bible" or simply "Ulenberg Bible". She experienced numerous editions. From 1655 Adolph Gottfried Volusius revised Ulenberg's translation. However, Volusius' so-called “Mainz Bible”, completed in 1661/1662, remained unprinted.

Fonts (selection)

The Bible, Cologne 1630

Seals

  • The Psalms of David brought into all sorts of German chants , 1582 and numerous other editions
  • A beautifully new made song , 1583

Spiritual writings

  • Consolation book for the sick and dying , 1590 and numerous other editions

To the Bible

  • Simple explanation of the seven psalms of penance , 1586
  • Sacra Biblia, that is, the entire Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments. Translated from the last Roman Sistine Edition with diligence by Casparum Ulenbergium , 1630

To theology

  • Considerable and important reasons why the old Catholic Christians persisted with the old Christianity until their death , 1589
    • Latin edition: Graves Et Justae Causae, Cur Catholicis In Communione Veteris, Eiusque Veri Christianismi, Constanter Usque Ad Vitae Finem permanensum sit , 1589
  • Historia De Vita, Moribus, Rebus Gestis, Studiis Ac Denique morte Praedicantium Lutheranorum, Doct. Martini Lutheri . Philippi Melanchthonis . Matthiae Flacii Illyrici . Georgii Maioris , Et Andreae Osiandri , Cologne 1622
  • Catechism or Kurtzer report of the whole Christian Catholic religion, sampt warning against allerley our time error , Cologne 1626
  • Historia Zwinglii (unprinted)

Individual hymn texts and music

  • Have mercy, have mercy on me, (Melodie 1582), in: Gotteslob (1975) - GL , No. 164; Praise to God 2013 - GL , No. 268
  • Now praise God in the high throne, (text after Ps 117; Melodie 1582/1603), in: GL (1975), no. 265; GL (2013), No. 393
  • My shepherd is God the Lord (text and melody according to CU 1582), in: GL (2013), no. 421
  • Lord, nothing is hidden from you (Melodie 1582), in: GL (1975), no. 292; GL (2013), No. 428
  • I am baptized and consecrated to God (Melodie 1603), in: GL (1975), no. 635; GL (2013), No. 491

Musical implementation of his works

literature

in order of appearance

  • Ulenberg, Caspar. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 49, Leipzig 1746, column 720-722.
  • Andreas Räß : The convertites since the Reformation are represented by their lives and their writings . Vol. 2: From 1566 to 1590 . Herder, Freiburg Breisgau 1866, pp. 550-570.
  • Franz Heinrich Reusch :  Ulenberg, Kaspar . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 39, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1895, pp. 181-183.
  • Nikola Esser: Rutger Edinger and Kaspar Ulenberg, two Psalter translators from Cologne. A contribution to the history of the German hymn in the 16th century (= contributions to the history of literature and cultural history of the Rhineland, vol. 3). Bonn 1913.
  • Joseph Solzbacher: Kaspar Ulenberg. A priest figure from the time of the Counter Reformation in Cologne . Aschendorff, Münster 1948.
  • Joseph Solzbacher: The Psalms of David, brought into all sorts of German chants by Kaspar Ulenberg . In: Kirchenmusikalisches Jahrbuch , vol. 34 (1950), pp. 41–55.
  • Johannes Overath : Investigations into the melodies of the song psalter by Kaspar Ulenberg (Cologne 1582). Dissertation. University of Cologne 1960. Volk, Cologne 1960 ( contributions to Rhenish music history. Issue 33).
  • Konrad Ameln : The psaltery of Kaspar Ulenberg. Cologne 1582. A literature report. In: Yearbook for Liturgy and Hymnology . Vol. 7 (1962), pp. 185-188.
  • Theodor Pröpper : Psalm song in the vernacular. A contribution to the Ulenberg renaissance . In: Musica sacra , Vol. 84 (1964), pp. 56-64.
  • Walter Blankenburg : Ulenberg, Kaspar . In: Stanley Sadie (ed.): The New Grove . Dictionary of music and musicians . Vol. 19: Tiomkin – Virdung . Macmillan, London 1980, p. 325.
  • Uwe Köster: Studies on the Catholic German Bible translations in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries (= Reformation-historical studies and texts , vol. 134). Aschendorff, Münster 1995, ISBN 3-402-03796-3 .
  • Hans Müskens: Committed to the truth. Kaspar Ulenberg - pastor and teacher . In: Friedrich Spee and the northern Rhineland . University and State Library Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf 2000, pp. 61–70.
  • Wilhelm Janssen: Kaspar Ulenberg - his life and time . In: Monthly Issues for Protestant Church History of the Rhineland , vol. 52 (2003), pp. 1–19.
  • Daniela Wissemann-Garbe: The Psalter Ulenbergs . In: Monthly Issues for Evangelical Church History of the Rhineland , vol. 52 (2003), pp. 21–48.
  • Dieter Gutknecht : The reception of the Geneva Psalter with Caspar Ulenberg . In: Eckhard Grunewald, Henning P. Juergens, Jan R. Luth (eds.): The Geneva Psalter and its reception in Germany, Switzerland and the Netherlands. 16.-18. Century . Niemeyer, Tübingen 2004, ISBN 3-484-36597-8 , pp. 253-262.
  • Herbert Ulrich: Caspar Ulenberg (1549-1617). Songs of the Counter Reformation in the Reformed Hymnal of Switzerland . In: Peter Ernst Bernoulli, Frieder Furler (ed.): The Geneva Psalter. A journey of discovery . Theological Verlag Zürich (TVZ), Zürich, 2nd revised edition 2005, ISBN 3-290-17226-0 , pp. 71–84.
  • Rolf Decot : Ulenberg, Kaspar. In: The religion in the past and present (RGG). . 4th Edition Vol. 8: T - Z . JCB Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 2005, Sp. 702.
  • Klaus Düwel : Ulenberg, Kaspar . In: Wilhelm Kühlmann (ed.): Killy Literature Lexicon . Authors and works from the German-speaking cultural area . 2., completely revised Ed., Vol. 11: Si - Vi . de Gruyter, Berlin 2011, p. 665.

Web links

Commons : Caspar Ulenberg  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Herbert Ulrich: Caspar Ulenberg (1549-1617). Songs of the Counter Reformation in the Reformed Hymnal of Switzerland . In: Peter Ernst Bernoulli, Frieder Furler (ed.): The Geneva Psalter . A journey of discovery . Theologischer Verlag Zürich (TVZ), Zürich, 2nd revised edition 2005, pp. 71–84, here p. 73.
  2. ↑ Andreas Räß: The convertites since the Reformation depicted according to their lives and their writings . Vol. 2: From 1566 to 1590 . Herder, Freiburg Breisgau 1866, pp. 550-570.
  3. ^ Herbert Ulrich: Caspar Ulenberg (1549-1617). Songs of the Counter Reformation in the Reformed Hymnal of Switzerland . In: Peter Ernst Bernoulli, Frieder Furler (ed.): The Geneva Psalter. A journey of discovery . Theologischer Verlag Zürich (TVZ), Zürich, 2nd revised edition 2005, pp. 71–84, here p. 74.
  4. ↑ a b Klaus Düwel: Ulenberg, Kaspar . In: Killy Literature Lexicon . 2nd ed., Vol. 11, p. 665.
  5. ↑ Niels Kranemann: Caspar Ulenberg and his psalter . In: Gaesdoncker Blätter , Vol. 15 (1962), pp. 21-28.
  6. ^ Herbert Ulrich: Caspar Ulenberg (1549-1617). Songs of the Counter Reformation in the Reformed Hymnal of Switzerland . In: Peter Ernst Bernoulli, Frieder Furler (ed.): The Geneva Psalter. A journey of discovery . Theologischer Verlag Zürich (TVZ), Zürich, 2nd revised edition 2005, pp. 71–84, here p. 75.
  7. ↑ Franz Xaver Stickl: Outline of Ulenberg’s life . In: Kaspar Ulenberg: Consolation book for the sick and dying . Lentner, Munich 1858, pp. IX – XL, here p. XXIX.
  8. ^ Emmy Rosenfeld: Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld. A voice in the desert. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin 1958 (= sources and research on the linguistic and cultural history of the Germanic peoples. New series, 2), p. 128 and 161.
  9. ↑ Uwe Köster: The Bible translation by Caspar Ulenberg . In: Ders .: Studies on the Catholic German Bible translations in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries . Aschendorff, Münster 1995, pp. 106-128.
  10. ↑ Uwe Köster: Studies on the Catholic German Bible translations in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries . Aschendorff, Münster 1995, pp. 165-187.
  11. ^ W. Gordon Marigold: Mainz. A musical center of Catholic Germany . In: August Buck (ed.): European court culture in the 16th and 17th centuries , vol. 2: Papers of sections 1 to 5 (= Wolfenbütteler works on baroque research , vol. 9). Hauswedell, Hamburg 1981, ISBN 3-7762-0211-4 , pp. 147–155, here p. 152.
personal data
SURNAME Ulenberg, Caspar
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ulenberg, Kaspar
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Roman Catholic theologian and Bible translator
DATE OF BIRTH December 24, 1548
PLACE OF BIRTH Lippstadt , North Rhine-Westphalia
DATE OF DEATH February 16, 1617
Place of death Cologne