Chireno

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Chireno
Nacogdoches County Chireno.svg
Location in Texas
Basic data
Foundation : 1837
State : United States
State : Texas
County : Nacogdoches County
Coordinates : 31 ° 30 ′  N , 94 ° 21 ′  W Coordinates: 31 ° 30 ′  N , 94 ° 21 ′  W
Time zone : Central ( UTC − 6 / −5 )
Residents : 444 (as of 2016)
Population density : 90.6 inhabitants per km 2
Area : 4.9 km 2  (approx. 2 mi 2 ) of
which 4.9 km 2  (approx. 2 mi 2 ) are land
Height : 98 m
Postal code : 75937
Area code : +1 936
FIPS : 48-14776
GNIS ID : 1381638
Website : www.chireno.com
Mayor : Susan Higginbotham

Chireno (pronounced: Shi-REE-noh) is a City City parish in Nacogdoches County, East Texas . It is located on the eastern edge of the county across from the border with San Augustine County and had 474 residents in 2016.

description

growth of population
Census Residents ± in%
1890 276 -
1970 308 -
1980 371 20.5%
1990 415 11.9%
2000 405 -2.4%
2010 386 -4.7%
Angelina National Forest
Historic Building: Old Half-Way Inn on Texas Route 21

Just like large parts of Nacogdoches County, the area around Chireno is also characterized by an undulating, largely forested landscape. According to the US census, the municipality covers an area of ​​almost 5 square kilometers, which consists exclusively of land. The local climate varies between hot summers and mild, cool winters . The most important regional road connection is State Highway 21, which connects Chireno with the county town of Nacogdoches . The Angelina National Forest is five kilometers south of the city . To the south is the upper reaches of the Angelina River - a tributary of the Neches River , which south of the National Forest in the Sam Rayburn Reservoir flows - one in 1930 and created important for the water balance of the region Reservoir . Immediately to the east of the city runs the Attoyac Bayou - a small river that forms the borderline between the two counties of Nacogdoches and San Augustin and that also flows into the Sam Rayburn Reservoir.

The first Spanish-Mexican settlers settled in the area around today's Chireno towards the end of the 18th century . The city name comes from José Antonio Chireno, one of the local Mexican landowners. According to the city's website, it was officially established as a US city with self-governing institutions around 1824. The first Anglo-Saxon settlers settled there in the 1830s. The first post office was built in 1837 and the first public school in 1839 .

During the Civil War , Chireno was a local center for supplying the Confederate Army with leather goods . The question of the liberation of slaves divided the local population beyond the end of the war. As part of the Reconstruction , the US government sent colored soldiers to Chireno, whose job it was to ensure that African Americans participated in the elections . As a counter-reaction, a local group of the Ku Klux Klan was briefly established in Chireno .

The economy, which specialized in agriculture and leather goods, became more differentiated in the second half of the 19th century . Cotton mills and watermills were added as local sources of income. In 1866, one of the first Texas oil wells was discovered near the town . In 1912 it was integrated into the Angelina and Neches River Railroad network for a more sustainable integration into the regional and state economy . In addition to the cotton industry , the timber industry advanced to become a dominant trade. Local agriculture and animal husbandry are still important factors in the local economy today. Another economic factor is the production of natural gas . Established in February 1970, the municipal distribution system supplies natural gas to the surrounding counties of San Augustine and Shelby as well as Nacogdoches County .

One historic building listed on the National Register of Historic Places is the Old Half-Way Inn. It was built a few years after independence from Mexico and served as a post office for many years. It has now been moved to a nearby location, has been looked after by the Chireno Historical Society since 2012 and serves as a starting point for guided tours and an annual cultural festival .

Demographics

According to 2016 data from the United States Census Bureau, the population that year was 444 people. 214 of them were male , 230 female . 315 inhabitants were 18 years or older, 129 children or adolescents , 87 older than 65 years. The median age was 45 years. According to the census definition race , 287 described themselves as white (64.6%), 121 as African-American (27.3%), 81 as Hispanic or Latino (18.2%) and 17 as Native American origin (3.8%) . The definition of “more than one ethnic group” was given by 19 residents (4.3%). The median income per household was 34,688 US dollars (USD) according to the census . The determined median income was thus well below that of the US as a whole (USD 53,000) and that of the state of Texas (USD 51,900). The census showed 23.2% of people living in poverty and 12.8% of people without health insurance .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ population of Chireno, TX . population.us, accessed on September 28, 2018 (Engl.)
  2. ↑ See location on Google Maps and on the overview map of Nacogdoches County at Statistical Atlas.com; accessed on September 28, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b City of Chireno , official homepage of the city, accessed on September 28, 2018 (Engl.)
  4. ↑ a b c Chireno, TX . Randel G. Tarín, Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), June 12, 2010 (Engl.)
  5. ^ Historic American Buildings Survey of the Halfway Inn . Amy Bertsch, easttexashistory.org, accessed September 28, 2018 (Engl.)
  6. ↑ Chireno City, Texas . ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates, 2016, American FactFinder, accessed September 28, 2018.
  7. ↑ Household Income in Chireno, Texas . Household income overview on statisticalatlas.com, accessed September 28, 2018
  8. ↑ Chireno City, TX . Information on the website of the United States Census Bureau, accessed on September 28, 2018 (Engl.)

Web links