Christian way

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Christian way

Christian Weise , pseudonyms Siegmund Gleichviel , Orontes , Catharinus Civilis , Tarquinius Eatullus and others (born  April 30, 1642 in Zittau ; †  October 21,  1708 ibid) was a German writer , playwright and pedagogue .

Life

As was the son of the "magister tertium" (assistant teacher) Elias example, studied at the University of Leipzig theology and graduated from there in 1663, a master's promotion . There he developed an interest in subjects such as rhetoric , politics , history and poetry , in which he held lectures for a short time after completing his master's degree. When his apprenticeship was unsuccessful, he took up a position in Halle in 1668 as a secretary to Minister Simon Philipp von Leiningen-Westerburg of the Duke August von Sachsen-Weimar . In 1670 he became court master of Baron Gustav Adolf von der Schulenburg in Ampfurth near Magdeburg, but after only six months he switched to the Illustre Augusteum grammar school in Weißenfels . In 1678 he became rector of the Zittau grammar school and also took over the management of the local council library , which he enlarged and expanded considerably over time.

Weise wrote about fifty school dramas, satirical novels, comedies, occasional poems, Protestant hymns and several textbooks; among others "The three worst Ertz fools", "The greening youth superfluous thoughts" and "The persecuted Latin". In the history of literature, Weise is considered to be an author of the transition between the late baroque and early enlightenment. This transitional character is peculiar to his drama Masaniello.

During his time as principal of the grammar school, he let the students perform many of his plays. He expressed his ties to the people in comedies in Upper Lusatian and North Bohemian dialect. As a special achievement he is credited with making the Zittau City Theater the cultural center of the city. His tragedy Masaniello, written in 1683, about the fate of the Neapolitan rebel Tommaso Masaniello , was performed again in Zittau in the 1950s.

At the end of the 17th century, Weise introduced German as the language of instruction as the rector of the Zittau grammar school. He resigned from his post as rector in 1708 due to decrepit eyes.

Weise wrote mainly school dramas and satirical works about social and political grievances of his time. He criticized the aristocratic world from a bourgeois point of view and used a style that was unusually sober and realistic for the baroque period .

The library in Zittau , in which both the council library and its collections are combined, has been called Christian-Weise-Bibliothek since 1954 . The Christian-Weise-Gymnasium there also bears his name.

Known students

Works (selection)

literature

  • Carl Ceiss : Massaniello , processing. 1986.
  • Peter Behnke and Hans-Gert Roloff (eds.): Christian Weise - poet, scholar, pedagogue: Contributions to the first Christian Weise symposium on the occasion of the 350th birthday, Zittau 1992 (= yearbook for international German studies. Vol. 37). Lang, Bern a. a. 1994, ISBN 3-906752-39-9 .
  • Gordon JA Burgess: "The truth with a laughing mouth". Comedy and Humor in the Novels of Christian Weise (= Berner Contributions to Baroque German Studies. Vol. 8). Lang, Bern et al. 1990, ISBN 3-261-04187-0 .
  • Gerhard Dünnhaupt : Christian Weise (1642–1708) . In: Gerhard Dünnhaupt: Personal bibliographies on the prints of the Baroque. Volume 6: Speer - Zincgref. The registers (= Hiersemanns bibliographical handbooks. Vol. 9). 2nd, improved and significantly increased edition of the bibliographical handbook of baroque literature. Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-7772-9305-9 , pp. 4179-4250 (list of works and literature).
  • Peter Hesse (Ed.): Poet and Praeceptor. Christian Weise on the 300th anniversary of his death. 2nd International Christian Weise Symposium October 21-24, 2008 in Zittau. Conference proceedings. Dresden 2009, ISBN 978-3-940310-51-4 .
  • Karla E. MacBride: About the "natural" and "informal". Christian Weises poetic theory. 1978 (Also: Pittsburgh PA, University, Dissertation, 1978).
  • Thomas Neukirchen: Inscriptio. Rhetoric and poetics of the astute inscription in the Baroque era (= studies on German literature. Vol. 152). Tübingen 1999, ISBN 3-484-18152-4 (also: Berlin, Technical University, dissertation, 1997).
  • Claus-Michael Ort: Media change and self-reference. Christian Weise and the literary epistemology of the late 17th century. Tübingen 2003, ISBN 978-3484350939 .
  • Ludwig Richter : The correspondence between Bohuslav Balbín and Christian Weise 1678–1688. Latin-German edition (edited, introduced and commented by Ludwig Richter, translated by Günther Rautenstrauch), Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-515-09688-1
  • Erich Schmidt , Otto Kaemmel :  Christian way . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 41, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1896, pp. 523-536.
  • Konradin Zeller: Pedagogy and Drama. Studies on the school comedy Christian Weises (= studies on German literature. Vol. 61). Tübingen 1980, ISBN 3-484-18057-9 (also: Munich, University, dissertation, 1977).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Arno Horn: Christian Weise as an innovator of the German high school in the Baroque era. The “Politicus” as an educational ideal. Marburg Pedagogical Studies, Volume 5. Verlag Julius Beltz, Weinheim / Bergstrasse 1966, p. 22.
  2. ^ The south-eastern Upper Lusatia with Zittau and the Zittau Mountains (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 16). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1970, p. 187.

Web links

Wikisource: Christian Weise  - Sources and full texts
Wikiquote: Christian Weise  - Quotes
personal data
SURNAME Way, Christian
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Never mind, Siegmund (pseudonym); Civilis, Catharinus (pseudonym); Orontes (pseudonym)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German satirist and playwright
DATE OF BIRTH April 30, 1642
PLACE OF BIRTH Zittau
DATE OF DEATH October 21, 1708
Place of death Zittau