Cruz (Ceará)
| Município de Cruz Cruz |
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 Church in Cruz
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| Coordinates | 2 ° 55 ′ S , 40 ° 10 ′ W | ||
 Location of Cruz in the state of Ceará
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| founding | January 1985 | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| State | Ceará | ||
| ISO 3166-2 | BR-CE | ||
| Região intermediária | Sobral (since 2017) | ||
| Região imediata | Acaraú (since 2017) | ||
| height | 18 m | ||
| Waters | Atlantic | ||
| climate | Atlantic coastal climate, As | ||
| surface | 329.9 km² | ||
| Residents | 22,479 (2010) | ||
| density | 68.1 Ew. / km² | ||
| estimate | 24,131 (July 1, 2018) | ||
| Parish code | IBGE : 2304251 | ||
| Time zone | UTC −3 | ||
| Website | www.cruz.ce.gov.br (Brazilian Portuguese) | ||
| politics | |||
| City Prefect | João Muniz Sobrinho (2017-2020) | ||
| Political party | PSDB | ||
| economy | |||
| GDP | 172,772 thousand R $ 7297 R $ per person (2015) |
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| HDI | 0.632 (2010) | ||
Cruz , officially Portuguese Município de Cruz , is a municipality in northeastern Brazil in the state of Ceará . In 2018 the population, called cruzenses (Cruzenser), was estimated at 24,131 inhabitants. With a community area of around 330 km², the population density is 68 people per km.
Cruz is located on the Rio Acaraú River near the Atlantic Ocean , about 235 km northwest of Fortaleza , the capital of the state of Ceará. Cruz was originally part of the city of Acaraú until it finally separated from it in 1985 after a referendum.
history
The first cartographic records by the Portuguese go back to the 17th century. The municipality of Cruz was originally inhabited by the Tremembé Indians. Cruz emerged as a small hamlet and was added to the municipality of Acaraú in 1958. In 1963 Cruz divided again from Acaraú and became an independent community with the name São Francisco da Cruz . Two years later this decision was reversed, Cruz again fell to Acaraú. This remained so until January 1985, when the community became independent again, this time with the current name of Cruz .
Cruz Town Hall, Centro Administrativo 14 de Janeiro
Municipal Library Dra. Maria Inês de Farias
geography
climate
Tropical hot and semi-arid, but pleasant and healthy because of the proximity to the sea, with mean annual precipitation of 1,093 mm, whereby the rainy season is concentrated in the months January to April.
Landscape and vegetation
The region of Cruz is characterized by a coastal plain with small indentations and elevations, with the exception of the dunes directly on the Atlantic, which are partly fortified, but partly also form huge shifting dunes. While the dunes are partially covered with grasses and herbs, you will find forests afterwards that merge inland into the thorn steppe of the Caatinga , a landscape of the Sertão .
economy
The community is strongly characterized by agriculture. The main products produced are: cashew nuts , cassava , corn , green beans , cotton , sweet potatoes , watermelon , coconut and carnauba wax . Part of the population lives from cattle breeding. But tourism is also playing an increasingly important role.
Attractions
The part of Cruz, Praia do Preá (Beach of Preá), which lies directly on the Atlantic Ocean , is 8 km long. It is part of the coastal strip of Ceará, which is one of the longest beaches in Brazil with an area of 573 km, rich in dunes, steeply sloping cliffs, coconut palm groves and freshwater lagoons.
Cruz has a 33% stake in the Parque Nacional de Jericoacoara with the municipality of Praia do Preá , which has an area of 62.95 km² and was set up on September 23, 2002 to protect the unique shifting dune fields and their fauna and flora.
Dunes in the Parque Nacional de Jericoacoara
View over the dune landscape, national park
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Before 1980, this part of the coast was characterized by sleepy fishing villages between huge dunes. Starting in 1984, efforts began to protect this unique wild paradise, because it was already becoming apparent at that time that the coastal strip around Jericoacoara would become one of the best and most famous windsurfing and kite surfing areas in the world, as the winds from the end of July Blowing more than 5 Beaufort almost every day until the end of December .
In 1994, the Washington Post named this beach one of the 10 most beautiful beaches on earth.
This stretch of beach almost became known worldwide much earlier. Because there is a report by Vicente Yáñez Pinzón ( captain of the caravel Niña , from the fleet of Christopher Columbus ), who anchored in 1499 in the bay of Jericoacoara. But this remained unofficial at the time because of the Treaty of Tordesillas , because after that Spain had no claim to this area.
From Praia do Preá you can also reach Lagoa Azul and Lagoa Paraíso , in reality an elongated lake inland behind the dune fields - with an area of 30 km² - known to the public as Jijoca Lake . The shores of Lagoa Azul are rarely visited, while Paraíso is more touristy. It is ideal for windsurfing - motor boats are prohibited - and a trip on the raft is recommended from an ecological point of view.
Web links
- City Prefecture website (Brazilian Portuguese)
- Map of Cruz (PDF file)
- Map of Cruz (PDF file; 203 kB)
- Website of the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) (PDF file; 5 kB)
- Website by Ceará
Individual evidence
- ^ Jonas Muniz 45 (Prefeito). In: com.br. Eleições 2016, accessed October 5, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ↑ IBGE : Estimativas da população residente no Brasil e unidades da federação com data de referência em 1 ° de julho de 2018. (PDF; 2.6 MB) In: ibge.gov.br. 2018, accessed October 5, 2018 (Brazilian Portuguese).
- ^ Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos - FUNCEME.
- ↑ Instituto nacional de Pesquisa espacial - INPE .
- ↑ Videos of kitesurfing in front of Praia do Preá
- ↑ Wind statistics on Windfinder.com
