Lotto Thuringia Arena on Rennsteig
| Lotto Thuringia Arena on Rennsteig | |||
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 Shooting range 2009 |
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| place |
 Oberhof , Thuringia
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| owner | City of Oberhof | ||
| start of building | 1982 | ||
| modification | 2001–2003, 2019–2022 |
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| Spectator seats | 13,000 | ||
| website | weltcup-oberhof.de | ||
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Coordinates: 50 ° 42 ′ 28.9 " N , 10 ° 41 ′ 35.5" E
The Lotto Thuringia Arena on Rennsteig is a biathlon stadium near Oberhof and is located at 814 meters above sea level directly on the main ridge of the Thuringian Forest . Until 2003 it was called the Biathlon Stadium am Rennsteig , until December 2007 Rennsteig-Arena Oberhof , until December 2018 after the sponsor Deutsche Kreditbank DKB-Ski-Arena . Lotto Thuringia has been namesake since January 2019 .
Biathlon World Cups are held regularly in the stadium. The route near Oberhof is one of the most difficult routes in the entire World Cup and the number of spectators to date has been one of the highest of all World Cup events.
history
In 1953 the first patrol race, the predecessor of today's biathlon, took place in Oberhof at the fourth GDR ski championships. The actual start of the biathlon in Oberhof, however, was in 1958. Since biathlon was included in the program as a competition at the Olympic Games in 1960, the Army Sports Club (ASK) Vorwärts Oberhof , the predecessor club of WSV Oberhof 05 , trained biathlon and brought in from 1958 the same year two titles at the GDR championships. For this purpose, a shooting range was built on the Kalten Mark , 600 meters southwest of today's Rennsteig-Arena, directly above the barracks on the 869-meter-high Saukopf . For the training, pioneers of the army and civil construction companies built an asphalt roller ski track 600 meters northwest of today's arena. At the Olympic Winter Games, ASK Oberhof then provided the entire GDR biathlon team.
Biathlon stadium on the Rennsteig
The great successes of the biathlon team in the GDR, among others, the first Olympic victory by Frank Ullrich in 1980, prompted the Ministry of National Defense at the insistence of ASK Oberhof in the early 1980s to provide for the construction of a biathlon stadium for better conditions for the biathlon in Oberhof, because the old shooting range was very often affected by fog. A shooting range was then built on the area of the old shooting range, which is still used for training today.
The Defense Minister of the GDR, Army General Heinz Hoffmann , finally gave the order to set up a shooting range . The location was determined without a proper location procedure and without involving the local authorities, and construction began by pioneers of the National People's Army (NVA) in the area of the Fallbach. The location of the stadium turned out to be extremely unfavorable because of the difficult terrain. Impenetrable forest on a sloping slope, large amounts of stratum water, swamp, mud and an adjacent rock made the construction of the stadium difficult. A long period of rain in the summer of 1981 brought additional problems. Protests against the building were ignored with reference to the ministerial order. The council of the district accordingly immediately lifted a pronounced building ban. No consideration was given to the fact that the construction site was located in the area of the Fallbach springs, which are vital for Oberhof's water supply.
The pioneers, under the direction of Karl Koch, cleared a 170 by 145 meter area in May 1981 as a construction area for the biathlon stadium. A total of 40,000 cubic meters of earth was removed, partly in extra shifts, because of the many interruptions in rain. The two-storey control building with a floor area of 10 by 20 meters, as well as a single-storey hit display building, 6 by 10 meters, were erected in the shell by the end of November 1981 and expanded inside during the winter months. The buildings were completed on September 30, 1982. In the spring of 1982 the construction of the shooting range and the roller ski track began. The shooting range sat on 70 in-situ concrete foundations. A swap body was used so that athletes, coaches and officials could get into the interior. In the exit area of the stadium another bridge made it possible to cross the routes. For the first time in the history of biathlon, a fixed screen system was used in the protective wall behind the shooting range. The shooting range had 32 lanes and was equipped with folding targets developed in the GDR and also with paper targets.
Various running routes, each three meters wide, were geared towards the classic running style in parallel tracks. For the later skating style, for which a wider slope is required, the routes were sometimes too narrow. This situation continued in part until the renovation in 2002.
On March 3, 1983, the biathlon stadium experienced its competitive premiere with the GDR championships, when the reigning world champion Frank Ullrich won the opening decision over the men's 20 kilometers in ideal weather conditions. With the onset of a thaw, the Oberhof sports facility had its first international test one week later with the biathlon decisions of the army Spartakiad of friendly armies . Despite the competition temperatures of three degrees plus and continuous snowmelt, this event was also a success due to a very high level of effort - the NVA transported snow from the region around Frauenwald and from the area of the 983 meter high Beerberg . Many generals from the socialist armies were present at these competitions. The guest of honor was the President of the International Union for Modern Pentathlon and Biathlon ( UIPMB , predecessor organization of the IBU), the Swede Sven Thofelt , who was Olympic champion in modern pentathlon in 1928 . He said in a circle of celebrities to Rolf Hackel, the Oberhof mayor:
- “Apply for world championships. I assure you, you will definitely get it. "
In 1984 the first biathlon world cup took place in Oberhof. A few more World Cups followed in the next few years, until the facility was comprehensively modernized in 1992, for the first time mainly in the technical area. The biathlon stadium, which was initially under the NVA and after the fall of the German armed forces , was handed over to the Bundesleistungszentrum (BLZ) on January 1, 1997 with the shooting range.
Rennsteig Arena
After Oberhof was awarded the contract for the 34th Biathlon World Championships in 2004 at the Congress of the International Biathlon Union (IBU) in Salzburg in 1998, plans were made to build a completely new stadium. The construction work was started by STRABAG Thuringia under construction manager Cordes with the symbolic groundbreaking on May 28, 2001. The old biathlon building from 1982, which until then had prevented the spectators from having a clear view of the competition area, was torn down and replaced by a modern, three-story building with a gross volume of 3500 cubic meters and a roof terrace. The area of the Rennsteig Arena is now 60,000 square meters. The bridge in the exit area is the only structure of the old stadium that has been preserved.
Next to the building, a 105-meter-long main auditorium was built with a 90-degree arc that extends to the shooting range and offers standing room for 8,000 people. From here you have optimal visibility of the shooting range, the penalty loop, the start and the finish line. On the other side of the building there is an additional mobile grandstand that can accommodate a further 4,000 people.
In the interior, athletes, referees and journalists, coming from the control building, can get to the internal functional areas through an underpass without crossing the competition lanes. The firing range was rotated nearly 90 degrees. For the complete renovation of the stadium area, 130,000 cubic meters of earth had to be moved, 2000 cubic meters of ready-mixed concrete installed and 340 tons of steel processed. The existing biathlon courses were widened from three to six meters with 10,000 square meters of bitumen cover.
On September 13, 2002, 16 months after the groundbreaking, the topping-out ceremony for the functional building was celebrated during the German Championships. The remaining construction work was carried out in 2003. The first competition took place at the Biathlon Germany Cup from December 20-22, 2002, and the first international competition with the Nordic Combined running discipline on December 31, 2002.
In 2003, the city council of Oberhof decided to rename the sports facility, which was previously called the Biathlon Stadium on Rennsteig , to the Rennsteig-Arena Oberhof . The stadium festival with the unveiling of a plaque with the new name took place on September 20, 2003. The TCC Media Workshop GmbH in Zella-Mehlis developed a standalone logo for the new stadium.
The cost of the renovation amounted to around 6.1 million euros. The Free State of Thuringia contributed the largest share of 3.4 million euros. Another 1.45 million euros came from the federal government. The district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen contributed 600,000 euros and 230,000 euros came from the city budget of Oberhof. The Federal Employment Agency has taken over 400,000 euros. According to other sources, the renovation amounted to around 6.4 million euros.
In December 2007 the naming rights of the arena were sold to the Deutsche Kreditbank (DKB), which is also a sponsor of several biathletes. The name change in DKB-Ski-Arena Oberhof was unanimously accepted at a special meeting of the Oberhof city council. At the Nordic Combined World Cup on December 30, 2007, the stadium was given its new name for the first time.
In December 2017, the DKB announced that it would withdraw from sponsorship at the end of 2018. Since January 1, 2019, the stadium has been called Lotto Thüringen Arena am Rennsteig .
After the bid for the biathlon world championship in 2023, extensive renovation work was announced. The starting area and the penalty loop are to be relocated, the grandstands are to be expanded, two new functional buildings are to be built, better access for athletes and supervisors is to be created and the route (especially at the so-called "Frankfurter Kreuz") is to be changed.
The arena
location
The arena is located almost 2.5 kilometers west of Oberhof on the so-called Grenzadler, an approximately two meter high boundary stone with a Prussian eagle , 837 meters above sea level. At the Grenzadler there is also a large parking lot with the same name and a barracks for the Bundeswehr sports promotion group . In the former army barracks , which was completed in 1961, the biathletes, who had previously been housed in the Kammerbacher stalking house , later found new accommodation. The area of the Grenzadler parking lot was also called Schützenwiese in the past . 200 meters south of the Rennsteig Arena leads the eponymous for Rennsteig arena Rennsteig over a 169.3 km long Höhenwanderweg, wherein the Grenzadler occupies the kilometer point 61.4.
Spectator area
The stadium has a capacity of around 11,000 spectators. 6500 of them have space on a 105 meter long grandstand. This is subdivided into blocks A to G and is located to the left of the control building. A mobile tubular steel grandstand on the other side of the control building holds 4,000 spectators. This grandstand comprises blocks H and I. For the 2008 World Cup, 980 seats were created in the lower part where there was previously standing room, reducing the capacity of this stand by around 1000 standing places. The grandstands are designed so that the sight lines to the shooting range are only 55 to 160 meters long. Other sources give 9,000 spectators for the 105-meter grandstand and 6,500 spectators for the tubular steel grandstand. Due to the increasing number of spectators, for the 2006 World Cup, at the end of the sawdust round, at the height of the former target area before entering the stadium, an additional grandstand, known as the forest grandstand, was built. This offers space for another 1000 people. The capacity of this grandstand was increased to 1500 for the 2008 World Cup. The view into the stadium is somewhat restricted from there.
Up to 8,000 additional spectators are allowed on the tracks, and up to 10,000 for World Cups. Most of them are near the Birxsteig, where a video wall is set up. There is also a swap body in this area to enable spectators to cross the Birxsteig in order to get to other parts of the route. For the World Cup 2008, the entire spectator area along the route was optimized by an information system. Boards give viewers an overview of the areas accessible to them. Another swap body was built to better guide the audience. This means that a total of four swap bodies are now distributed on the routes.
In order to make it easier for the individual grandstands of the stadium and the race track to be occupied during competitions, the spectators for the three grandstands and the track are divided up at the bus parking lot at Grenzadler.
Shooting range
At the shooting range with its 30 lanes, the athletes have a distance of 50 meters from the target. The shooting range is equipped with the German electronic system HoRa 2000 E , the most modern and widespread in the World Cup. The hits are triggered by an impulse from a sensor when the bullet hits the bullet, in contrast to the Kurvinen type folding disks from Finland, which are still sometimes used in the World Cup . Then a white disc is pushed in front of the black disc as a hit indicator. A sliding panel changes the size of the five hit areas per lane from 115 millimeters for the standing stop to 45 millimeters for the lying stop.
The shooting range is protected at the back and sides by earth security walls. It is also equipped with transverse blinds over the lanes in order to stop any missed shots going up at an angle. These blinds comply with the German and Thuringian safety requirements. The screens must be present at national events or during training sessions. At the World Championships or a World Cup, the Rennsteig Arena is subject to the International Biathlon Union (IBU) and its safety requirements. These do not provide for glare protection, which is why the bars that obstruct the view are removed at international competitions.
The penalty loop is located inside the stadium and is 150 meters long and 5 meters wide.
Technical facility
Two video walls will be set up during the competitions so that the spectators in the stadium can follow the action on the course. In order to further improve visibility, one of the two 24 square meter video walls was replaced by a 40 square meter one for the 2006 World Cup . A third video wall is located outside the stadium on Birxsteig. A fourth video wall was built in front of the forest grandstand for the 2008 World Cup . For competitions, snack and supply stands will also be set up at the entrances to the arena.
In bad snow conditions, if it is cold enough, the interior of the stadium and the tracks can be covered with snow cannons . If it is too warm for artificial snowmaking, an attempt is made to access snow depots that were filled with the first snow of winter in certain shady places, such as in the Kanzlersgrund or on the Schneekopf located five kilometers south of Oberhof. The snow is then transported from these depots to the Rennsteig Arena by truck. For example, around 200 truckloads of snow were stored in Kanzlersgrund for the 2005 World Cup. This measure made it possible for Oberhof to be the first venue to host a World Cup in the 2000/2001 season with little snow.
The winter 2006/2007 with little snow presented the organizers of the 2007 World Cup with major problems. Due to the persistently mild weather, no snow depot could be created, and it was too warm for the snow cannons in the run-up to the event. To ensure the World Cup, around 80 truckloads of crash ice , which is actually used to cool fish and which was specially made for Oberhof in an ice works in Bremerhaven 550 kilometers away , were brought in from December 20, 2006 . About 4,000 cubic meters of coarse-grained snow formed the basis for a shortened, 2.5-kilometer-long runway. In addition, the remaining snow was produced on site in a special 15 by 30 meter and six meter high cold tent with nine snow cannons. The costs for this amounted to several 100,000 euros.
Notoriety
In the summer of 2006, the 50 favorite places of the Germans in the joint campaign of ZDF and Baedeker were chosen by ballot . Almost 350,000 people took part in this election, which ended on September 23, 2006 with the ZDF broadcast Our Best . They chose the Rennsteig Arena in 15th place. This represented the best placement among the sports facilities.
stretch
The routes in Oberhof are very difficult. Long descents such as the Wolfsschlucht, where high speeds are achieved, alternate with long climbs such as the Birxsteig. The tracks were widened during the renovation for the 2004 World Cup, so that an overtaking maneuver is possible on almost every section of the track. The route network is divided into five sections with different lengths and degrees of difficulty. Route one is the longest at 3999 meters. It covers the entire route network except for the rear part of the sawdust circuit. The other four routes are 3446, 3099, 2595 and 2151 meters long and are at altitudes between 774 and 839 meters above sea level. The individual routes, which all have an FIS certificate, can be linked to one another in various ways. Since 2015 there has been an additional loop in front of the stadium.
Route description
The individual route sections have different names such as Wolfsschlucht , Birxsteig , Tambacher Straße , Frankfurter Kreuz , U , Brunnenweg , Kulle curve and sawdust round , which are used depending on the selected competition route. The sections of the route are selected according to the type of race, the required length and the gender of the competitors. The nature of the route also influences this selection; for example, the Wolfsschlucht could not be used at the 2007 World Cup due to lack of snow . The Wolfsschlucht is also often left out in relay competitions or at the mass start in the first lap after the start and only approached in the second lap after the first shooting when the field is no longer so close together. The sawdust circuit is also divided into two parts and, depending on the length of the route and the discipline, can be used individually as a small or large sawdust circuit .
Wolfsschlucht
The Wolfsschlucht was built as part of the route in order to meet the international requirements for a racetrack in terms of height differences and technical conditions. This section of the route was named after the former biathlete Karl-Heinz Wolf , who was in charge of the design and construction. The Wolfsschlucht is the fastest section of the entire World Cup. Here speeds of over 80 kilometers per hour are reached. A few years ago this section was eased a bit by adding some earth to the compression at the bottom of the gorge. Even higher speeds were achieved before the disarming. At 774 m above sea level, the compression in the lower section is the deepest point of the entire route.
Birxsteig
The Birxsteig is the longest ascent of the entire route. It runs directly behind the shooting range and has the greatest inclines. This is where the audience attendance at the competitions is greatest. A video wall is set up on the back wall of the shooting range during the competitions. A 6.21 meter long and 2.07 meter wide bridge leads over the Birxsteig, allowing the spectators to switch from one side to the other. The namesake for this section of the route is the route manager Roland Schmidt with the nickname Birx. The Birxsteig goes from the lowest point of the route, the compression of the Wolfsschlucht, from 774 meters above sea level 500 meters only uphill to the highest point at 839 meters. Since the 2005 World Cup, the television company has also been installing a rail camera on the Birxsteig to accompany the athletes on the ascent.
Tambacher Strasse
The section from Birxsteig to Frankfurter Kreuz is called Tambacher Straße. It is the old road from Oberhof to Tambach-Dietharz .
Frankfurt Cross
The Frankfurter Kreuz is located about 450 meters northwest of the Rennsteig-Arena. It is the central hub of the entire route. Here is one hand the turning point for the lines four and five, on the other hand, the routes run one, two and three from here to the Hochwald and U . Many years ago, this changing ski traffic prompted a route manager to say “It's like at the Frankfurter Kreuz ” . This is how this crossing point got its name.
U
The U is the turning point of lines one and two. These two routes are the longest in the route network. The Wendeschleife is located in the extreme north-west of the facility, about 700 meters as the crow flies from the Rennsteig-Arena.
Brunnenweg
This section of the route is closely linked to the history of Oberhof. There are seven wells around the site that have been accessible via paths for a long time. This old forest name has been retained in the Rennsteig Arena route network. One of the large wells is located within the route network and serves as an important water reservoir for the system.
Kulle curve
During further expansion work on the former facility and to perfect the routes at the Grenzadler, a dangerous right-hand bend was defused at the end of the roller track by creating a more generous curve so that the athletes , coming from Tambacher Strasse and back to Frankfurter Kreuz , could ski their skis through the bend no longer have to implement. The eponym for this section was also the former Oberhof biathlete Karl-Heinz Wolf, who was nicknamed Kulle.
Sawdust round
It is located east of the Rennsteig-Arena and runs almost parallel to the Oberhof-Grenzadler road and is divided into the small and large sawdust circuit. The name for the circuit comes from its special preparation in earlier years. Winter sports enthusiasts scattered plenty of sawdust on this section of the route in autumn. The hoarfrost that settled in the morning ensured that ski training could begin before winter.
Asphalt roads
The Rennsteig-Arena is also connected to a network of paved tracks, some of which are floodlit, for training or competitions in summer. However, these routes cannot be used optimally in midsummer when the temperatures are very high. For the athletes who are out and about with ski sticks and roller skis , there is a risk of slipping away in the curves due to the smear of the asphalt.
The paved routes have different lengths: the outer circuit is 2951 meters, the fountain circuit 1878 meters, the large sawdust circuit 1478 meters and the small sawdust circuit 933 meters long. These three routes are also included in winter. With the 544 meter long connecting route , the route network of the Rennsteig Arena is also connected to the route network of the Grenzadler. This network comprises five routes at altitudes of 820 to 875 meters above sea level and lengths of 1668, 1974, 2774, 3124 and 5078 meters. All routes have a valid FIS certificate.
Competitions
The World Cups held in Oberhof were often affected by changeable weather: one day of bright sunshine, then a stormy wind that sweeps the mats at the shooting range through the stadium, then again thick fog, which has already led to the cancellation several times, or heavy snowfall.
biathlon
In 1984 the first biathlon world cup took place in Oberhof. Thereafter, Oberhof was the organizer of a biathlon World Cup every year in 1985, 1986, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999 to 2003 and since 2005, with the exception of 2016. Since the 2001 World Cup, the event has been run by the “Rennsteig” e. V. aligned. In 2004 the biathlon world championships took place in Oberhof. In 1990, 1993 and 2016 Oberhof was also planned as a World Cup venue, but the competitions had to be abandoned due to bad or too warm weather conditions. They then took place in Walchsee , Ridnaun and Ruhpolding .
ORA Trophy
Oberhof has been a member of the ORA Trophy since 1998 . It was from the Biathlon places O Berhof, R uhpolding and A ntholz launched. Additional prize money will be given to the overall winner of the three World Cups. In 2004, despite many protests, the ORA was not held as an additional competition in Oberhof because of the World Cup . Since 2005 this competition has been called Golden Classics .
Night races
At the 2006 World Cup, a night race was held for the first time in Oberhof. The method from Ruhpolding was used to illuminate the 4.3 kilometer long route: the sections of the route that were not yet equipped with lights were fitted with 24 helium balloons with a diameter of two to six meters, which were attached at a height of ten meters illuminated. They were mostly located in the area of most of the television cameras on Birxsteig and Frankfurter Kreuz . In addition to the floodlights in the stadium, for the shooting range, penalty loop and the rest of the route, daylight lamps on so-called tree stands were used.
Audience numbers
The number of viewers has risen continuously in recent years. While there were still 52,000 spectators on four days of the World Cup in 2003, this increased in the following years, with five days of competition each time. In 2005 it was 85,000, in 2006 93,000, 2007 95,000. In 2009 it came to 98,000 and 2010 with 102,000 for the first time over 100,000. That means the previous record for Oberhof World Cups. 100,500 spectators attended the 2012 World Cup. The 2013 World Cup attracted 84,000 spectators over four days of the event. The 2014 World Cup, which was reduced to three competition days, attracted 62,500 spectators. At the individual races there are usually over 20,000 spectators, with the athletes, officials, journalists and other accredited up to 27,500 people in the stadium and on the track. The races are sold out several months in advance, except for a few remaining tickets that are still available for the track. But the 2004 World Championships overshadowed everything. 206,000 spectators came to the ten races on seven days of competition. In addition, another 50,000 attended the evening awards ceremony in the Oberhof spa gardens.
facts and figures
A sporting event with more than 20,000 people is a great challenge for a town with around 1,600 inhabitants. At the 2006 World Cup, a total of 750 helpers ensured that the competitions ran smoothly. Of these, around 450 were volunteers from 13 winter sports sponsoring associations on the Rennsteig. 140 judges, 50 stewards for the competition and 120 stewards for the parking lots and the stadium were used for the competition. During the competitions, the Grenzadler parking lot was closed to visitors, but around 4,000 parking spaces were made available in Oberhof for around 12,000 spectators. There were also 120 parking spaces for buses that brought around 6000 guests to Oberhof. The spectators were then transported by shuttle bus from Friedensplatz in Oberhof to the Grenzadler and back with 24 buses . In addition, the bus and train connections have been strengthened. 300 helpers were deployed in the logistic area (police, catering, rescue services and security). Five ambulances were deployed and 2000 meters of barricade fence installed. 3,400 people were accredited, 180 of them from television, 30 from radio, 85 writing journalists and 57 photographers.
Prize money
A total of 202,400 euros in prize money was paid out to the athletes for the 2006 competitions. Of this, EUR 162,400 were prize money from the IBU; 40,000 euros were available for the Golden Classics , 30,000 of which in Oberhof and 10,000 for the jackpot, which was paid out in Antholz. At the 2007 World Cup, a total of 208,200 euros in prize money was paid out.
other events
From the 2002/2003 season to the 2009/2010 season (canceled in the 2006/2007 season) the running competitions of the Nordic Combined World Cup were also held in the stadium. The Nordic Combined Summer Grand Prix also took place here in 2007. Every summer some races of the German Biathlon Championships are held in the Rennsteig Arena.
In the Nordic combined, more than 10,000 spectators regularly watched the run. This was the top value of all World Cups.
The opening races of the Tour de Ski (cross-country skiing) were held in the stadium from the 2008/2009 season to the 2013/2014 season.
Since 2006 the cross-country skiing days of the organization Special Olympics Germany take place every year in mid-January . The event is Europe's largest cross-country skiing event for people with an intellectual disability.
See also
Web links
literature
- Wolfgang Fritzsche: Oberhof. Grünes Herz Verlag, Ilmenau 1995, ISBN 3-929993-51-1 .
- Rolf Hackel: Oberhof - From the Johanniter hospice to the city on the Rennsteig. Heinrich-Jung-Verlagsgesellschaft mbH ( i.G. ), Ilmenau 1993, ISBN 3-929164-12-4 .
- Jan Knapp among others: 100 years of winter sports in Oberhof. Winter sports club Oberhof 05; Bauer and Malsch GmbH.
- Roland Singer: Chronicle of Thuringian Ski Sports. Free Word and Südthüringer Zeitung; Thuringian Winter Sports Association and Suhler Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Suhl 1995.
- Hermann Weigand, Johanna v. Knoerzer-Suckow: biathlon. Publisher Anton Plenk, Haßfurt 1999.
- Sieghart Zitzmann and others and WSV Oberhof 05: 1958/1998 - 40 years of biathlon in Oberhof. Bauer & Malsch GmbH, Immelborn 1997.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Rolf Hackel: “ Oberhof. “Page 180.
- ↑ a b c Biathlon Oberhof ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Biathlon-Förderverein Thüringen (PDF file) ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) (archived at Internet Archive )
- ↑ Hermann Weigand, Johanna v. Knoerzer-Suckow: “ Biathlon. “Page 38.
- ↑ Neues Deutschland , edition of March 4, 1983, p. 7
- ^ Neues Deutschland , edition of March 11, 1983, p. 7
- ↑ Rolf Hackel: “ Oberhof. “Page 181.
- ↑ Jan Knapp et al. a .: “ 100 years - winter sports resort in Oberhof. “Page 40.
- ↑ Jan Knapp et al: “ 100 Years - Winter Sports Resort in Oberhof. “Page 46.
- ↑ a b c page from Oberhof ( Memento of the original from December 17, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c d e f Biathlon Oberhof ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Page of the Ministry of Economics, Technology and Labor ( Memento of the original from January 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b c Biathlon Oberhof ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Oberhofer Stadion becomes Lotto Thüringen Arena am Rennsteig on insuedthueringen.de, accessed on November 20, 2018
- ↑ mdr.de: Plans for the Oberhof Biathlon Stadium | MDR.DE . ( mdr.de [accessed on September 21, 2018]).
- ^ Rolf Hackel: Oberhof. Page 151.
- ↑ Press release from November 1, 2005 ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Sieghart Zitzmann et al. And WSV Oberhof 05: 1958/1998 - 40 years of biathlon in Oberhof. Page 23.
- ↑ Press release of November 2nd, 2005 ( Memento of the original of July 7th, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of December 24, 2004 ( Memento of the original of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Austrian IBU report of January 6, 2001 ( Memento of January 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Press release from January 7, 2007 ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Biathlon Oberhof ( Memento of the original from July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release from Mairdumont ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Biathlon Oberhof ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of December 1, 2004 ( Memento of the original of September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ TWZ ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of November 24, 2006 ( Memento of the original of July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ IBU page about Oberhof ( memento from January 23, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (archived at Internet Archive )
- ↑ Austrian IBU report of January 6, 2001 ( memento of January 8, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (archived at Internet Archive )
- ↑ Press release of January 1st, 2006 ( Memento of the original of September 27th, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ a b Press release of January 8, 2006 ( Memento of the original of July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of January 12th, 2009 ( Memento of the original of January 8th, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of January 10, 2010 ( Memento of the original of July 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Facts and figures about the Biathlon World Cup 2012 ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The Magic of Oberhof ( Memento of the original from March 7, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Facts and figures about the Biathlon World Cup 2014 ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ World Cup special from SV-Eintracht Frankenhain ( Memento from January 9, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) (archived at Internet Archive )
- ↑ Press release of January 8, 2006 ( Memento of the original of July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Press release of January 7, 2007 ( Memento of the original of July 7, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ 7th Thuringian cross-country skiing days from Special Olympics in Oberhofer Ski Arena. In: Thüringer Allgemeine, January 11, 2012
