Dora Hitz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Dora Hitz 1898

Dora Hitz (born March 30, 1856 in Altdorf near Nuremberg ; † November 20, 1924 in Berlin ) was a German painter who was influenced by Symbolism and Impressionism . Hitz was court painter to the Romanian royal family and co-founder of the Berlin Secession .

Life

When Dora Hitz was six years old, she moved to Ansbach with her parents (Lorenz Johannes Hitz and Anna Elisabeth, née Meyer) . When she was thirteen, she went to Munich to study at the “Frau Staatsrat Weber's women's painting school” there. Her teachers were Wilhelm von Lindenschmit the Younger and Heinrich Stelzner . In Munich, Hitz met Elisabeth zu Wied (1843–1916) at the art and industrial exhibition in 1876 - through marriage to a Hohenzollern Prince, Queen of Romania . She appointed her as court painter to the Romanian royal court . For the music hall of Peleș Castle in Sinaia ( Carpathians ), Dora Hitz painted wall frescoes based on poetic motifs of the Queen, who was known as a writer under the pseudonym Carmen Sylva. Hitz also designed book decorations and oil paintings for them.

From 1880, Hitz lived in Paris to study with Luc-Olivier Merson , Gustave Courtois , Jean-Joseph Benjamin-Constant and Eugène Carrière , who gave her special support. In 1886/87 she returned to Romania for a short time. In Paris she spent a lot of time with Eugen Jettel , Otto Thoren , Karl Köpping and got to know Hermann Bahr . This was followed by stays in Brittany (1890) and Normandy (1891/92). In 1890 she was accepted as a member of the salon of the “ Société des Artistes Français ”; there she was awarded a medal. In 1891 she became a member of the Impressionist "Associé du Champs de Mars", from 1892 in the "Société Nationale des Beaux Arts", in whose exhibitions she regularly participated. In Belgium she was an honorary member of the “ Société royale belge des aquarellistes ”.

After a short stay in Dresden (1891), Dora Hitz moved to Berlin in 1892, where she found access to upper-class liberal circles as a member of the “Association of Berlin Artists and Art Friends” (see VdBK below), which gave her many important portrait commissions . In 1894 she founded a women's painting school. She also ran a studio on Lützowplatz at the Tiergarten . She portrayed Margarethe Hauptmann, the wife of the writer Gerhart Hauptmann . She was friends with Käthe Kollwitz .

From 1892 to 1921 she was a member of the Association of Berlin Women Artists (VdBK) . In 1898 she was a member of the Association of XI , the predecessor group of the Berlin Secession , of which she was one of the founding members. As an early member of the German Association of Artists , Dora Hitz participated in its third annual exhibition in Weimar in 1906 with the oil painting Portrait of Ms. MH - for this Hitz received the Villa Romana Prize of the DKB and a scholarship , combined with a stay in Florence . In 1913 she joined the " Free Secession ". She was friends with Max Beckmann .

During the First World War the painter got financial problems, she fell ill and became increasingly socially isolated . She died in Berlin in 1924. In 1925 the F. Gurlitt Gallery organized a memorial exhibition for Dora Hitz.

plant

Dora Hitz mainly painted figure pictures, especially portraits of women, girls and mothers, partly in the style of symbolism . Since her stay in France she has painted oil paintings, gouaches and watercolors in the impressionist style.

Today, works by Dora Hitz can be found in the Berlin National Gallery , in the Museum of Fine Arts in Leipzig and in the painting and sculpture collection of the city of Nuremberg . At the beginning of 2016 the artist was in the group exhibition Empathy and Abstraction. The modern age of women in Germany is represented in the Bielefelder Kunsthalle .

Selection of works

  • dusk

  • The flower cup

  • The painter Ed. Francois Aman-Jean

  • Grape harvest

  • Portrait of a girl

  • Dora Hitz - Motherhood.jpg

literature

  • Hitz, Dora. In: Friedrich von Boetticher: painter works of the 19th century. Contribution to art history. Volume 1/2, sheets 31–61: Heideck – Mayer, Louis. Ms. v. Boetticher's Verlag, Dresden 1895, pp. 544-545 ( archive.org ).
  • Hitz, Dora . In: Dressler's Art Yearbook. A reference book for German fine and applied arts . Issue 2. Dressler, Rostock 1907, p. 90 , urn : nbn: de: gbv: 601-1872 ( digishelf.de ).
  • Hitz, Dora . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 17 : Heubel – Hubard . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1924, p. 153 .
  • Dora Hitz . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General Lexicon of Fine Artists of the XX. Century. tape 6 , supplements H-Z . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1962, p. 61 .
  • Profession without tradition - 125 years of female artists in Berlin. Berlin 1992; Article DH in Velhagen & Klasings monthly books , with many illustrations and a text by Hans Rosenhagen ; Catalogs of the Berlin Secession and the Free Secession; Berlin Secession, Neuer Berliner Kunstverein, Berlin undated [around 1982].
  • Margrit Bröhan: Dora Hitz (1856-1924). In: Britta Jürgs (Hrsg.): Nothing is left as nature intended. Portraits of women artists and writers around 1900. AvivA, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-932338-13-8 , pp. 180–192. (with further references).
  • Natalie Gutgesell: Dora Hitz. Franconian artist, Romanian court painter, European avant-gardist. Mitteldeutscher Verlag Halle (Saale) 2019.

Web links

Commons : Dora Hitz  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

supporting documents

  1. ^ Hermann Bahr: Painting. In: The time . 10, 1897, # 120, 44. (January 16, 1897).
    Letters from Dora Hitz to Bahr ( memento of the original dated February 24, 2016 in the Internet Archive )     Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.univie.ac.at
  2. ^ Advertisement for the Dora Hitz painting school in the 1903 exhibition catalog of the Berlin Secession, ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  3. ↑ s. Catalog 3rd German Artist Association Exhibition , Weimar 1906. p. 13 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
  4. ↑ Cf. Natalie Gutgesell: "I think of the role model with the perfect pleasure with which one thinks of a flower." In 1906, Dora Hitz was the first woman to receive the Villa Romana Prize in Weimar. In: Contributions to Weimar History 2020, ed. by Axel Stefek, Weimar (friends and supporters of the City Museum Weimar im Bertuchhaus eV) 2020, pp. 15–20.
  5. ↑ Empathy and abstraction. The modern age of women in Germany. Exhibition in the Kunsthalle Bielefeld, Oct. 2015 - Feb. 2016, accessed on May 3, 2016.
personal data
SURNAME Hitz, Dora
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1856
PLACE OF BIRTH Altdorf near Nuremberg
DATE OF DEATH November 20, 1924
Place of death Berlin