Lützowplatz

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Lützowplatz
Coat of arms of Berlin.svg
Place in Berlin
Lützowplatz
Lützowplatz seen from the southwest
Basic data
place Berlin
District Zoo
Created 1862-1867
Confluent streets
Lützowufer,
Lützowstraße,
Karl-Heinrich-Ulrichs-Straße (until 1934: Maassenstraße , from 1934 to 2016: Einestraße ) ,
Schillstraße,
Wichmannstraße,
Klingelhöferstraße
Buildings Herkulesbrunnen ,
headquarters of the Stiftung Warentest ,
Haus am Lützowplatz ,
Hotel Berlin, Berlin
use
User groups Pedestrians , cyclists , cars
Space design Hermann Mächtig

The Lützowplatz is a public, inner-city and garden monument-protected place with a relatively high volume of traffic in the Berlin district of Tiergarten in the Mitte district .

location

Lützowplatz is located on the Landwehr Canal south of the Lützow bank. The following streets meet here:

  • In the northeast the Lützowufer and Lützowstrasse,
  • in the southeast the Karl-Heinrich-Ulrichs-Straße,
  • in the southwest the Schillstrasse to the south and
  • the Wichmannstrasse to the west as well
  • in the northwest the Klingelhöferstraße over the Herkulesbrücke .

Schillstrasse was also renamed Lützowplatz on September 8, 1929 at the same level as the square.

Lützowplatz is on the axis from Winterfeldtplatz with the St. Matthias Church via Nollendorfplatz to the Großer Stern with the victory column .

In the north, the Tiergarten triangle and the Bauhaus archive border on Lützowplatz, which is in the  10785 postcode district .

The area around Lützowplatz is also known as the Lützowviertel .

Development

Apart from a small technical building, the actual area of ​​the square is undeveloped and planted with a large lawn, trees and bushes. Some paved footpaths make it possible to cross the square. There is a playground and car traffic is led around the square. An adjacent street is called Lützowplatz, on which there are numerous larger buildings.

Today's Grand Hotel Esplanade borders Lützowplatz in the far northeast . The eastern, southern and western sides are built in closed construction .

The houses Lützowplatz 5 and 7 as well as the building of the then Statistical Reichsamt on the neighboring Lützowufer 6–8 were built in the mid-1870s by the architect and construction officer Wilhelm Neumann . He himself lived in house number 7.

In the east there are commercial buildings and residential buildings, including the house on Lützowplatz from 1873 and the Stiftung Warentest building built by architect Friedrich Wilhelm Kraemer in 1965 , which was initially used as a Preussag administration building. There are also houses by the architects Axel Schultes , Mario Botta and Modersohn & Free Life .

In the south is the Hotel Berlin, Berlin .

Berlin's largest rainwater retention basin with a volume of 10,000 cubic meters is located under Lützowplatz . In October 2017 had numerous trees ( hornbeam , Ailanthus , oaks , string trees , cherry , elm and sycamore ) are precipitated in the square, around the traffic safety to preserve the basin.

The 2015 zoning plan provides for a train station to be built on Lützowplatz on the U3 underground line, which will be extended at a later date .

history

Location of today's Lützowplatz (small, red rectangle below the Great Zoo ) on Schneider's map from 1798
Lützowplatz, postcard from 1905 with a view from the north. In the foreground the Herkulesbrücke and the Herkulesbrunnen , behind the Karl-Heinrich-Ulrichs-Straße to Nollendorfplatz and behind it the tower of the Sankt-Matthias-Kirche on Winterfeldtplatz

The area of ​​today's Lützowplatz was until the middle of the 19th century in the area of ​​the independent city of Charlottenburg . From 1845 to 1850, the former Landwehr ditch was larger, about 22 meters wide and at the level of the later Lützow square somewhat misplaced south Landwehrkanal replaced. In 1858, Martin Gropius was one of the first architects with Villa Heese to build the area around today's Lützowplatz.

In 1861 the area around today's Lützowplatz was incorporated into Berlin as part of the Schöneberger Vorstadt and developed according to the Hobrecht Plan that came into force in 1862 . In 1867 the building began the even after the Horticulture and the landowner Georg Friedrich Kielgan Kielgan district called neighborhood between Nollendorfplatz and Lützowstraße with houses and villas, and the place was given on 23 November 1869 relating to the appointment of squares and streets of the little south The general procession took the name of Baron Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow , who had died 35 years earlier and who had also lived nearby. Elisabeth von Plotho and Armand Léon von Ardenne moved to Lützowplatz in 1873 after their wedding. Even Carl Andreas Julius Bolle , owner of a notorious dairy , lived around 1880 in the immediate vicinity of Lützow square and was there first and the cows of his dairy C. Bolle graze.

Lützowplatz served for a long time as a storage area for coal and wood, until it was finally connected to the Great Zoo from 1889 to 1890 with the construction of the Hercules Bridge. In 1900 the square was landscaped by Hermann Mächtig and, on October 11, 1903 , received the monumental Hercules Fountain at its northern end, designed by city planner Ludwig Hoffmann and sculptor Otto Lessing .

The music soirées and matinees organized by Clara Simrock at the time , which were also attended by composers Johannes Brahms , Antonín Dvořák and Max Bruch , turned Lützowplatz into a musical center in Berlin.

The area was popular with artists and celebrities such as Peter Behrens , Joachim Dammer , Wilhelm Fließ , Walter Gropius , Sigfrid Hammerschlag , Dora Hitz , Traugott von Jagow , Adolf Jandorf , Willi Huth , Alfred Lion , Adolph von Menzel , Julius Meier-Graefe , Eva Poll , Alfred von Tirpitz , Anton von Werner and Theodor Wolff are increasingly popular. Lützowplatz flourished until the 1930s.

In the embassy of the then Free State of Braunschweig at Lützowplatz 11, Adolf Hitler received German citizenship on February 25, 1932 (see also →  Adolf Hitler's naturalization ). The Führer’s office was initially established in 1934 in the immediate vicinity of Lützowplatz on the Lützowufer.

Former residential complex of Oswald Mathias Ungers - before demolition in 2013

During the Second World War there was an anti-aircraft position on Lützowplatz. Due to the destruction during the war, only the two residential buildings, Lützowplatz 7 and 9, remained on Lützowplatz. The Hercules Bridge was also destroyed. In 1950 a new three-lane reinforced concrete bridge was built, which was supplemented from 1962 to 1964 by a three-lane prestressed concrete bridge bordering to the east .

The house on Lützowplatz (Lützowplatz 9) was initially used by the Tiergarten Art Office and is used as an exhibition center for contemporary art. The book exhibition "Week of the Book" took place for the first time in West Berlin on October 24, 1952 in the house on Lützowplatz . In the 1960s, the cabaret artist Wolfgang Neuss had a venue called "Domizil" in the basement of the house.

In 1966, Stiftung Warentest rented several rooms in the Preussag AG building at number 11-13 as the main tenant. In 1987 the foundation bought the building and has since used it as their headquarters.

Until German reunification , the replacement federal road S ran northwest along the Schillstrasse - Lützowufer route past Lützowplatz.

In the west of Lützowplatz, a residential complex designed by the architect Oswald Mathias Ungers , part of the 1984 International Building Exhibition , was demolished and replaced by a commercial building by Modersohn & Free Life. In April 2018, Commerzbank moved its Berlin headquarters from Potsdamer Strasse to this new building.

art

Today seven works of art are displayed on Lützowplatz.

The oldest is the bronze sculpture Hercules and the Erymanthian Boar , created in 1904 by Louis Tuaillon , which was erected in 1967 and relates to the Hercules fountain, which was destroyed in World War II, but also to the earlier decoration of the Hercules Bridge over the Landwehr Canal.

The standing and lying group by Sabina Grzimek from 1980 to 1985 stands in the eastern center of the park . These bronze sculptures were acquired by the magistrate in 1986 and erected in 1995 on the initiative of Galerie Eva Poll from the Tiergarten district office.

Opposite the house on Lützowplatz is the sculpture Tangentiale contact and staircase sculpture by Volkmar Haase from 1988.

In 2018 the steel sculpture Huksos by Erwin Fabian was set up in the southwest corner.

Three other monuments from 1990 were created at the sculpture symposium Lützowplatz '90 and are set up at the northern end of the square:

Others

From 1923 to 1938 a square in the Berlin district of Lichtenrade was named after the Baron von Lützow, who was located at the intersection of Paplitzer Strasse and Lützowstrasse there.

literature

Web links

Commons : Lützowplatz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See list of garden monuments in the Berlin Monument List, No. 09097834, as of August 10, 2017
  2. ↑ Lützowplatz. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
  3. ↑ Kathrin Chod, Herbert Schwenk, Hainer Weisspflug: Lützowviertel . In: Hans-Jürgen Mende , Kurt Wernicke (ed.): Berliner Bezirkslexikon, Mitte . Luisenstadt educational association . tape 2 : N to Z . Haude and Spener / Edition Luisenstadt, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89542-111-1 ( luise-berlin.de - as of October 7, 2009).
  4. ↑ Karin Wilhelm, Olaf Gisbertz, Detlef Jessen-Klingenberg, Anne Schmedding (eds.): Law and freedom. The architect Friedrich Wilhelm Kraemer 1907–1990. jovis Verlag, Berlin 2007, p. 203.
  5. ↑ Video: The Stiftung Warentest building through the ages . At: test.de , December 23, 2014
  6. ↑ Weather service: Severe weather warning for Berlin is valid until Thursday. In: Berliner Morgenpost , July 26, 2017, accessed on October 23, 2017
  7. ↑ Felling trees on Lützowplatz in Berlin Tiergarten, District Office Mitte von Berlin, press release number 425/2017 of October 5, 2017, accessed on October 23, 2017
  8. ↑ I.3.2 Land use plan. Here: Reasons for the project-related development plan 1-89 VE of February 6, 2015, p. 9, District Office Mitte von Berlin, Department of Urban Development, Building, Economy and Order, Urban Development Office, Department of Urban Planning
  9. ↑ a b c d Kathrin Chod, Herbert Schwenk, Hainer Weisspflug: Lützowplatz . In: Hans-Jürgen Mende , Kurt Wernicke (ed.): Berliner Bezirkslexikon, Mitte . Luisenstadt educational association . tape 1 : A-N . Haude and Spener / Edition Luisenstadt, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89542-111-1 ( luise-berlin.de - as of October 7, 2009).
  10. ↑ Berlin Biographies (S) - Simrock, Clara . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 8, 1997, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 111–114 ( luise-berlin.de - here p. 114).
  11. ↑ Manfred Stürzbecher: gynecologist and midwifery teacher. Sigfrid Hammerschlag . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 9, 1998, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 67–73 ( luise-berlin.de - here p. 70).
  12. ↑ Weinhaus Huth in honor directory of Luisenstädtischer Education Association.
  13. ↑ Kathrin Chod, Herbert Schwenk, Hainer Weisspflug: Hitler, Adolf . In: Hans-Jürgen Mende , Kurt Wernicke (ed.): Berliner Bezirkslexikon, Mitte . Luisenstadt educational association . tape 1 : A-N . Haude and Spener / Edition Luisenstadt, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-89542-111-1 ( luise-berlin.de - as of October 7, 2009).
  14. ↑ Bernd Hildebrandt, Ernst Haiger: End of the war in Tiergarten. The history of the war grave cemetery on Wilsnacker Straße. Edition Berliner Unterwelten, Heimatverein and history workshop Tiergarten, Lehmanns Media, 2009, page 86.
  15. ^ Max Missmann , Hans-Werner Klünner, Wolfgang Gottschalk: Lützowplatz. In: Berliner Platz. Photographs by Max Missmann. Nicolai Verlag, 2001, ISBN 978-3-87584-610-2 .
  16. ^ Berlin calendar . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 10, 1997, ISSN  0944-5560 , p. 125-135 ( luise-berlin.de - p. 133, October 24, 1952).
  17. ↑ History: It all started with mixers and sewing machines. Stiftung Warentest , accessed on October 28, 2018
  18. ↑ Cheap accommodation instead of cheap living - demolition for Ungers buildings in Berlin. In: BauNetz , June 4, 2008 (online)
  19. ↑ One last look at a piece of built utopia. AT: urbanophil.net - Network for Urban Culture e. V. (online)
  20. ↑ Commerzbank moves 250 employees to Lützowplatz. In: Der Tagesspiegel , March 28, 2018, accessed on April 26, 2018
  21. ↑ Sculptures in Tiergarten ( Memento of the original dated December 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at www.bildhauerei-in-berlin.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bildhauerei-in-berlin.de
  22. ^ Lützowplatz (Tempelhof-Schöneberg, district Lichtenrade) . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein

Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '16.9 "  N , 13 ° 21' 8.8"  E