St. Matthias (Berlin)
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The Catholic Church of St. Matthias in Berlin is in the Schöneberg district on Winterfeldtplatz . It belongs to one of the oldest and largest parishes in the capital . The hall church , built in the neo-Gothic style, is a listed building and is one of the few free-standing Catholic churches in Berlin.
History of the parish
The construction of a catholic church “in front of the Potsdamer Thore ” was initiated by the donation of 20,000 thalers by the ministerial director in the Prussian Ministry of Culture Matthias Aulike . The wish associated with the foundation that the parish priests should always come from his home diocese of Münster is still being met today.
The first church was built by the St. Hedwigs Congregation in 1867/1868 on Potsdamer Strasse (today's house No. 94) on land that was incorporated into Berlin in 1861 and that had previously belonged to Schöneberg.
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In 1868, when the church was completed and benedited, the parish named after the patron saint of the founder was founded from St. Hedwig. St. Matthias is the third oldest post-Reformation Catholic parish in Berlin after St. Hedwig and St. Sebastian . The community area extended to the parish of St. Peter and Paul in Potsdam . The number of initially 800 parishioners grew rapidly, so that the church building was expanded in 1881. Even the space gained was soon no longer sufficient. City - therefore was for the 10,000 members that the municipality had already in 1890, on the - to 1920 independent Schöneberg belonging Winterfeldtplatz a larger church was built, which was inaugurated 1895th
The church in Potsdamer Strasse remained with the parish as St. Matthias Chapel until it became the Kuratiekirche in 1921 , but remained with St. Matthias until 1964 in terms of property rights. In 1928 it was given the name of the first bishop of Münster, St. Ludgerus , but on January 1, 1984 it was re-incorporated into the parish of St. Matthias. The building is since then under the name of St. James the Syrian Orthodox community in Berlin, where it was left by leasehold contract until the year 2065th
The following were spun off from St. Matthias: the Rosary Congregation in Steglitz (1891), St. Elisabeth (1907, reintegrated into St. Matthias since 2006) and St. Norbert (1915), both in Schöneberg.
In 1891 the cemetery of the St. Matthias parish was laid out at Röblingstraße 91 in today's Tempelhof district . The St. Fidelis cemetery church was built in 1927.
Today the high mass is celebrated in Latin every fortnight on Sunday in St. Matthias . The parish also includes a significant proportion of Slovene and Polish speaking believers.
On November 30, 2016, Archbishop Heiner Koch set up the pastoral room Schöneberg-Tiergarten Süd , which includes the two parishes St. Matthias and St. Norbert with their five churches and all places of ecclesiastical life. After a period of three years on probation, a new parish is to be established on the territory of the two parishes.
The parish church of St. Matthias
The plans for the construction of the church building are the result of an architectural competition from 1893, in which August Menken , among others , took part and which the architect Engelbert Seibertz won. Under Pastor Theodor cap mountain was foundation on October 23, 1893 set; Georg Cardinal von Kopp , Prince-Bishop of Breslau , consecrated the church on October 24, 1895.
The exterior of the three-aisled and four - bay neo - Gothic hall church is essentially characterized by red facing bricks , only the base, the cornice and the window reveals are made of sandstone .
The interior, which was originally designed in a neo-Gothic style, was changed in 1931 by the expressionist church painter Fritz Wingen . However, the interior was destroyed along with the windows, the vaults and parts of the masonry with the exception of ten Stations of the Cross during World War II . The reconstruction in simplified forms was carried out by diocesan master builder Felix Hinssen by 1952 . The most noticeable simplification was the abandonment of the spire (the original height was 93 meters, today 60 meters). The roof of the nave was also restored in a flatter and reduced form. The choir windows were initially walled up, but reopened in 1989 as part of a fundamental modernization of the church.
Today's 22 windows were designed by Hermann Gottfried between 1988 and 1993 .
The only pieces of equipment from the pre-war period are ten of the original 14 polychrome painted copper plates with stations of the cross (1907–1915 by Philipp Schumacher , Munich). The four stations destroyed in the war were repainted in the same style after the reconstruction. The twelve chandeliers of the Apostles , the resurrection relief above the Matthias altar and the "Galenportal" from 1979 were created by the sculptor Werner Gailis . The tabernacle stele , the ambo and the former choir cross (today in the memorial chapel) come from Egino Weinert from the late 1960s. Since the windows were reopened in August 1989, the "Wall Cross" has been hanging in its place. It was erected on the 25th anniversary of the construction of the Wall in 1986 by the Kevelaer goldsmith Wilhelm Polders jun. was created.
In the Marienchor to the west of the main choir there is a Vorarlberg Radiant Madonna from the 17th century, to the east opposite in the Matthias Choir a shrine with relics of the Apostle Matthias . They came here from the Benedictine Abbey of St. Matthias in Trier under the pastor, Clemens August Graf von Galen . The eloquent later Cardinal von Galen , who became known as the “Lion of Münster”, worked from 1906 to 1911 as a chaplain and from 1919 to 1929 as pastor at St. Matthias. A Berlin memorial plaque next to the main entrance commemorates him. On February 11, 2007, a stele-shaped reliquary by the sculptor Karl Biedermann with the relic of the cardinal, who was beatified in 2005, was placed in the church and blessed by the Münster cathedral capitular Martin Hülskamp. Galen's successor as pastor of St. Matthias was Albert Coppenrath from 1929 until his expulsion from Berlin in 1941 , who became known as "Dickkopf vom Winterfeldtplatz" because of his critical reports from the pulpit. At the request of the Berlin Bishop Cardinal von Preysing , he officially remained pastor of St. Matthias until 1947, although he never returned to Berlin. His successor was Josef Schütte, who had been chaplain since 1933 and then pastor of St. Matthias parish from 1947 to 1976. Pastor from 1976 to 2013 was Edgar Kotzur (* 1936 in Bobrek / Upper Silesia , incardinated in the diocese of Münster), who was appointed Dome of Honor to St. Hedwig in 2009 . On October 6, 2013, Josef Wieneke (* 1960 in Dülmen / Westphalia) was introduced to the parish as pastor, who continues the tradition of pastors from the diocese of Münster desired by the founder.
Because of its size and central location, St. Matthias functioned as a kind of co-cathedral church for the western part of Berlin during the years when Berlin was divided. For this reason, the coffin of the late bishop of Berlin was Alfred Cardinal Bengsch , who as a child in 1929 in St. Matthias received Confirmation had been laid on 21 December 1979 in St. Matthias and there celebrated a requiem for him, in which Joseph Cardinal Ratzinger , later Pope Benedict XVI. who gave the sermon.
organ
The organ was built in 1958 by the organ building company Seifert (Kevelaer) and expanded in 1974 to 75 registers with four manuals and pedal . The instrument was overhauled in 1992/1993 by the organ building company Stockmann (Werl), and most recently completely restored in 2008/2009 by the Sauer company for 185,000 euros . The amount was raised exclusively through donations from the community.
The organ today has 75 stops, including an extended stop, and seven transmissions. In addition, the installation of a flute harmonique 8 ′ in the main plant (with transmission in the positive) is prepared. The instrument is one of the largest organs (and the largest organ in a Catholic church) in Berlin.
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Pairing :
- Normal coupling: II / I, III / I, IV / I, IV, III, I / P, II / P, III / P, IV / P
- Super octave coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, II / II, III / III, II / P, III / P
- Sub-octave coupling: II / I, III / I, III / II, II / II, III / III,
- Remarks:
- N = New register from Sauer, 2008
literature
- Albert Coppenrath: Our St. Matthias parish through the ages. Serious and cheerful from 7 centuries in words and pictures , Berlin, 1938. Salvator print.
- Albert Coppenrath: The Westphalian Dickkopf on Winterfeldtplatz. My pulpit reports and experiences in the Third Reich , Cologne: JP Bachem, 1948 (2nd increased edition).
- Andrea Gosten: Catholic parish church St. Matthias Schöneberg. Schnell Art Guide No. 2244 , Regensburg: Schnell & Steiner, 1995. ISBN 978-3-7954-5996-3 .
- Uwe Pape : Orgeln in Berlin , Berlin, 2003. ISBN 3-921140-62-5 .
- Josef Wieneke (Ed.): Firm in faith. 150 years of St. Matthias Berlin-Schöneberg , Sankt Ottilien: EOS Verlag, 2018. ISBN 978-3-8306-7905-9 .
- The Gottfried window in the St. Matthias Church Berlin Schöneberg , Berlin, 1995. Kath. Pfarramt St. Matthias (Ed.).
- Catholic Church in downtown Berlin, Berlin, 1998. Press office of the Archdiocese of Berlin (publisher).
Web links
- Entry in the Berlin State Monument List
- Homepage of the parish of St. Matthias
- The organ side - St. Matthias
Individual evidence
- ^ Steffen Zimmermann: A piece of the Münster in Berlin. Catholic.de, June 1, 2018, accessed June 2, 2018 .
- ↑ Annelen Hölzner-Bautsch: 100 years of Mater Dolorosa Church. History of the Catholic parish in Berlin-Lankwitz 1912 to 2012. Catholic parish Mater Dolorosa, Berlin 2012, p. 13.
- ↑ St. Matthias: Order of worship
- ↑ More about the organ
Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 44 ″ N , 13 ° 21 ′ 16 ″ E