St. Elisabeth (Berlin-Schöneberg)
| St. Elisabeth Church | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Portal of the St. Elisabeth Church |
|
| Start of building: | February 19, 1911 |
| Inauguration: | November 19, 1911 |
| Architect : | Bernhard Hertel |
| Style elements : | Neo-Gothic |
| Client: | Parish of St. Matthias |
| Dimensions: | 42 × 17 × 28 m |
| Tower height: |
52 m |
| Location: | 52 ° 29 '6.8 " N , 13 ° 21' 57.1" E |
| Address: | Kolonnenstrasse 39 Berlin-Schöneberg Berlin , Germany |
| Purpose: | catholic worship |
| Local community: | Catholic parish of St. Matthias Berlin |
| Diocese : | Archdiocese of Berlin |
| Website: | www.st-matthias-berlin.de |
St. Elisabeth is a Catholic church in the Schöneberg district of today's Berlin district of Tempelhof-Schöneberg . Their patroness is St. Elisabeth of Thuringia . The sacred building was built in 1911 as a single nave church with a nave and two aisles, the street side of which is faced with red clinker bricks. The church is a listed building .
history
The St. Elisabeth Curate was founded in 1912 with more than 7,000 Catholics, which means that St. Elisabeth Church was not yet a parish church when it was consecrated . The mother parish was the parish of St. Matthias . It was not until August 1, 1920 that the St. Elisabeth Curate was elevated to a parish. The plan arose early on to build a Catholic church on the so-called “ Red Island ” of Schöneberg, the location between the Potsdamer Bahn and the Anhalter Bahn . In 1904 the pastor of the St. Matthias parish asked the Catholics of the capital in an open letter for support for the construction of an urgently needed church in this part of the parish area. On August 22, 1906, a plot of land was acquired opposite the cemetery of the Twelve Apostles congregation at Kolonnenstrasse 38/39. Because there was no money for the church, first a gardener's house was converted into a makeshift chapel on its December 19, 1907 consecration by the church received. Around 320 people crowded into the chapel, which was set up for 150 people on Sundays and public holidays. On November 7, 1909, the five-story St. Elisabeth orphanage for 100 children was inaugurated on the rear part of the property. It was run by Dominican women whose mother house was the Arenberg Monastery . The chapel was moved to the ground floor of the house.
In 2004 the parish of St. Elisabeth was reunited with that of St. Matthias .
Building description
The building is integrated into the closed development. The nave cannot be seen from the street because it extends into the courtyard as a left wing . The nave only has windows facing the courtyard, but not on the side bordering the neighboring property.
Crossbar
The vertically structured facade of the masonry building is faced with red clinker bricks. The cross-bar building in which the entrance hall is located is flanked by two slender octagonal stair towers in 3/8 position with pointed octagonal helmets. The double portal with a triple subdivided pointed arch window above is located in a stepped niche. The large tracery window above consists of two four-lane pointed arched windows and a rose window . Above the frieze of narrow pointed arches across the width of the portal is the bell storey with pointed arched sound openings. Above it rises a steep hipped roof with an octagonal ridge turret .
Nave
The nave runs in a north-south direction, in the north lies the recessed rectangular choir . Angled stairs lead from the ground floor to rip vaulted entrance hall in Querriegelbau laterally into the church in the mezzanine floor , while on the basement community halls. The interior, a hall-like wall pillar church with four narrow transverse rectangular yokes , is spanned by a barrel vault with pronounced vaulted ribs , which can also be viewed as a reticulated vault . Three of the four bays contain a large ogival window on the courtyard side. The left yoke sides have so-called blind windows. Above the entrance hall there is a gallery with a wooden parapet that extends over the entire width of the room. Center stands on it, the gaming table of the organ , the latter in turn to another gallery in the corner. A staircase made of wood on the window wall leads to the choir gallery . The rear wall of the church room, which is paneled up to the height of the doors, has two double entrances on each side and in the middle, below a relief image, an opening to the entrance hall, where the ciborium of the baptistery was located.
_Kirchenschiff.jpg)
During the redesign in 1979/1980, the people's altar was drawn into the church interior, the baptismal font was placed in the middle of the room and the sacristy was expanded by closing the former chapel niche on the left front wall of the choir. The church stalls , the stations of the cross and the confessionals were regrouped .
Choir
The square choir forms the front end, it is half as wide and not as high as the nave. At the top it is finished with a star vault with a small network structure. The choir receives its light through a multi-part tracery window on the east side. On the wall at the end of the choir, above the crucifixion group, there is the fresco “The Coronation of the Son of Man”, the so-called Most Holy Trinity . It was painted by Gebhard Fugel in 1929 . The Way of the Cross also came from him, who is said to paint in the realistic style of the Nazarene Succession. As a symbol of the Holy Spirit , the dove is between the lower and upper halves of the picture. The upper half shows Jesus and God sitting on the same throne. The fresco on the arch of the triumphal arch at the front of the nave is also by Gebhard Fugel. The Last Judgment is shown in the fresco . Christ is enthroned in the midst of the twelve apostles , in front of them Mary and John the Baptist kneeling , on the right side below the trumpet-blowing angels of the Last Judgment the group of the damned with the devil can be seen, on the left the group of the saved with an angel.
Bells
The casting of the five bells for the church bells began on August 19, 1959 in the Rudolf Perner bell foundry in Passau , and the consecration of bells on November 20, 1960. On November 25, 1960, they rang for the first time.
| Surname | material | Chime | Weight (kg) |
Diameter ( cm) |
Height (cm) |
Representation / inscription |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Christ the King bell | bronze | d ' | 1600 | 141 | 109 | Christ the King picture |
| Mary Bell | bronze | e ' | 1192 | 126 | 100 | Mary picture |
| Elisabeth bell | bronze | fis' | 841 | 113 | 86 | Elisabeth picture, on the edge of the bell: “S. Elisabeth, Gloria Teutoniae " |
| Paul Bell | bronze | a ' | 485 | 94 | 70 | Paul picture |
| Annunciation bell | bronze | H' | 347 | 84 | 67 | Image of the Annunciation |
The surrounding Latin lettering on the upper edge of the bell of the Elisabeth bell “S. Elisabeth, Gloria Teutoniae ”means in German :“ Elisabeth, you fame of Germany ”. This honorary title is on her tomb in Marburg .
window
All the church windows were destroyed in the Second World War. The Annunciation window above the Madonna and the Christmas crib and the three large church windows were renewed according to designs by Ludwig Peter Kowalski and carried out by the Puhl & Wagner workshops . Another entrance to the church is in a small anteroom in the stairwell of the neighboring building. This anteroom is illuminated by the small, modern Elisabeth window based on a design by Paul Corazolla . It shows a crowned Elisabeth with a halo handing a robe to a naked person.
Large Elisabeth window
The Elisabeth window in the right church wall, the first main window on the left, depicts St. Elisabeth with her contemporaries, St. Francis of Assisi and Thomas Aquinas .
Mary's window
The middle window of Mary shows Mary with the Divine Child as savior of the world, as lawgiver and herald of the Good News on her lap. The window is thanks for the salvation of the Church from the chaos of war.
Diocese window
The diocese window finally shows the Berlin diocese saints, left the holy Simon Peter , right, St. Otto of Bamberg , between the holy Hedwig of Silesia , the patroness of the Berlin Episcopal Church.
Furnishing
The pews, the wall paneling and the parquet floor as well as the altars, the pulpit and many other furnishings are made of wood.
High altar
_Hochaltar.jpg)
The figures of the high altar from 1911, carved from wood, like almost all the figurative representations in the church, were made by Anton Mormann . The cafeteria and the altarpiece of the high altar are also made of wood. In the middle of the predella is the tabernacle with a canopy designed as a domed roof , on the top of which sits a pelican, symbol of the Savior who gave his life for humanity. The two doors of the tabernacle each have an angel's head. A lily cross is painted on each inside . Next to the tabernacle are the carved chest busts of the four great occidental doctors of the Church, Gregory , Ambrosius , Augustine and Hieronymus . In the row above there is a niche which is used to hold the altar cross or the monstrance , flanked on both sides by a praying angel. On each outside there is a figure of a saint under a small Gothic canopy, on the left the patroness of this church, St. Elisabeth, on the right St. Matthias , patron of the mother community of St. Elisabeth. A relief of four apostles forms the upper end of the high altar . This relief is continued to the left and right of the high altar in the paneling of the choir wall, so that a frieze of half-length portraits of the twelve apostles emerges over the entire width of the choir wall.
Crucifixion group
The life-size crucifixion group above the high altar was made by Anton Mormann in 1911. The group, carved from solid wood, initially consisted of only seven main characters. In 1920 this group was expanded to include four more figures. The gilded and painted Calvary group is reminiscent of the Baroque depictions of the Passion .
People's Altar
The front of the popular altar, created in 1922, is structured by means of fluted pilasters . In the middle of the three-part paneling are the words Ave Maria .
Baptistery
In the middle of the entrance hall are the remains of a baptistery, which was created in 1911 by Anton Mormann. In the war year 1944, the ciborium was destroyed by bombs. The lower part of the bay with the reliefs on the three window windows is original.
Elisabeth Altar
The winged altar by Rudolf Heltzel , which is located on the west wall, was consecrated on November 19, 1956. In the middle part of the altarpiece there is a relief of St. Elisabeth. Her cloak is over a model of the church and she is holding a loaf of bread in her right hand. The inlays on the two folding wings depict scenes from her life.
Relief image
The relief image "Jesus blesses the children" by Anton Mormann on the back of the church is flanked by the two patrons of the youth, St. Aloisius and St. Agnes .
Virgin Mary statue
The life-size statue of Maria Immakulata , carved from oak by Wilhelm Haverkamp in 1922 , stands in front of the right front wall of the choir outside of the Christmas period, when it has to make way for the Christmas crib . She resembles Mary from the crucifixion group.
Christmas crib
The figures of the nativity scene were made by a gentleman carver from Oberammergau between 1937 and 1939 . They are glazed in color. The stable building is set up in the corner between the Annunciation window and the Elisabeth window during the Christmas season.
literature
- Marcus Cante: Berlin and its buildings, Vol. 6: Sacral buildings . Dom Publ., Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-433-01016-1 (on behalf of the Architects and Engineers Association of Berlin ).
- Georg Dehio (greeting) Sibylle Badstübner-Gröger (Red.): Berlin ( Handbook of German Art Monuments ). 3rd edition Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-422-03111-1 .
- Peter Krzemien: The artistic design of the St. Elisabeth church. In: Pfarrnachrichten , vol. 59 (2011/12), No. 2.
- Gerhard Streicher, Erika Drave: Berlin - city and church. More-Verlag, Berlin 1980, ISBN 3-87554-189-8 .
- Klaus-Dieter Wille: The bells of Berlin (West). History and inventory (The buildings and art monuments of Berlin / Supplements; Vol. 16). Gebr. Mann-Verlag, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-7861-1443-9 .
