Eaton Hall (Cheshire)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eaton Hall from the east with chapel (August 2002)

Eaton Hall is a country house about a mile south of the village of Eccleston in the English county of Cheshire . It is the home of the Duke of Westminster and is surrounded by formal gardens, parks, farmland and sparse woodland. The property covers an area of ​​approximately 4400 hectares.

history

The first larger house on this site was built in the 17th century. At the beginning of the 19th century it was replaced by a much larger house designed by the architect Willam Porden . This in turn was later replaced by an even larger house with outbuildings and a chapel according to plans by Alfred Waterhouse . The construction work began in 1870 and was completed after 12 years. By 1960 the masonry of the house was in such poor condition that it - like many other houses at that time - was demolished. Only the chapel and many of the outbuildings have been preserved to this day. A new house was built, but its style was felt to be inconsistent with the surrounding landscape, so it was remodeled in the late 1980s and now has the appearance of a French chateau .

The house has been surrounded by formal gardens since the 17th century, the layout of which has been adapted to contemporary ideas and fashions over the centuries, as have the surrounding parks. There are many different buildings on the property, some decorative, others for property management; many of them are considered historic buildings. The house and estate are usually closed to the public, but the gardens can be toured three days a year to raise money for good causes, and some of the buildings on the estate can be rented for charitable events.

Country houses

The picture shows Samwell's country house from 1708. The earlier house can be seen in the lower right corner.
Entrance facade of Samwell's country house

Eaton Hall has been the Grosvenor family home since the 15th century . There is evidence of a two-story house on the property in a 17th century map of the property and an 18th century engraving. A report from 1798 shows that this building was still standing.

Samwell Country House

The first larger house there was built for Sir Thomas Grosvenor, 3rd Baronet . He inherited the property at the age of 19 from his grandfather, Sir Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Baronet , who died in 1664. The new owner commissioned the architect William Samwell to design the house. Construction began in 1675; most of the building blocks came from the ruins of Holt Castle in North Wales . In 1683 the construction costs had already risen to over £ 1000 (today about £ 540,000). A contemporary engraving shows a large house with a square floor plan, three floors and dormer windows . The entrance facade had nine bays and a portico . The engraving also shows the former house with a moat south of the new house.

Country house in Porden

Country house designed by William Porden

When Robert Grosvenor , then 2nd Earl Grosvenor and later 1st Marquess of Westminster, inherited the property in 1802, Samwell's country house was out of fashion and in need of renovation. Grosvenor commissioned the architect William Porden to plan the renovations. Construction began in 1803 and Porden (later assisted by his son-in-law Joseph Kay ) estimated the construction time to be 3 years and the cost to be £ 10,000 (around £ 740,000 today). In fact, it took a little less than 10 years to complete and cost over £ 100,000 (around £ 5.99 million today). The previous house was rebuilt and surrounded by "every possible variety of neo-Gothic style elements", such as B. Tourelles , pinnacles , arched windows, octagonal towers, buttresses and buttresses . In the first construction phase, two new wings were added and in the 1820s additional wings were added, then under the direction of Benjamin Gummow . The inside of the house was as lavish as the outside; it contained other neo-Gothic details. The curtains on the magnificent beds consisted of 89 running meters. Damask and 94 running meters. Sarsenet (fine silk ), set with golden cords. When the future Queen Victoria visited the house in 1832 at the age of 13, she wrote in her diary: "The house is magnificent". Other authors have described the country house as "as extravagant and opulent as the youngest upholsterers and decorators could possibly make." One reviewer described it as "the most ostentatious building I have ever seen" and "a desolate heap of a mixture of Gothic elements, the (...) is a monument of wealth, ignorance and bad taste. ” Richard Grosvenor, 2nd Marquess of Westminster , succeeded his father in 1845 and commissioned the Scottish architect William Burn to make changes to the house. Burn had the middle of the south facade raised so that it looked like a tower, and also had some outer, neo-Gothic details modified. The architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner described this house as a "spectacular, neo-Gothic country house".

Waterhouse Country House

The garden facade of the country house of Waterhouse around 1880: the main block is on the left, the wing for the family on the right and the clock tower for the chapel between the two.
Entrance facade of the Waterhouse country house around 1907 with the main block on the right and the chapel on the left (photo by John Steggall )

The 2nd Marquess died in 1869 and his son, Hugh Lupus Grosvenor , initially 3rd Marquess and from 1874 1st Duke of Westminster , succeeded him. He commissioned Alfred Waterhouse to design a new country house. Once again, the core of the old country house was retained, but parts received new facades and were redesigned, other parts completely rebuilt. A private wing for the family was built and connected to the main part of the country house by a corridor. Waterhouse also designed the chapel and clock house, as well as most of the stables. Work began in 1870, lasted 12 years, and cost £ 803,000 (around £ 74.22 million today). The library was 27 meters long, the dining room with anteroom 32 meters and the octagonal knight's hall was equipped with an organ . Inside, Henry Stacy Marks painted a frieze of the Pilgrims of Canterbury for the morning room, Gertrude Jekyll painted the paneling for the drawing room, and other rooms hung paintings by Thomas Gainsborough , George Stubbs and Joshua Reynolds . Pevsner wrote that "it was an extraordinary expression of Victorian originality" and added that "this Wagnerian palace is the most ambitious expression of neo-Gothic residential architecture in the country". The Daily Telegraph described Eaton Hall as "one of the most princely and beautiful country houses that these islands contain".

Parts of the country house were used as a hospital in both world wars. In 1943 the Britannia Royal Naval College of Dartmouth moved into the country house when the college there was bombed. In 1946 it moved back to Dartmouth; thereafter the country house served as a training center for officer cadets until the end of the 'National Service' in 1958.

Dennys country house and today's country house

In 1960 repair and improvement work on the country house was necessary and brown rot was found in the roof structure. In 1969 Robert Grosvenor, 5th Duke of Westminster , decided to demolish the main part of the Waterhouse-designed building and private wing, and to keep the clock tower, chapel and stables. The Duke commissioned John Dennys , his wife's brother-in-law and architect, to build a new building. Dennys had previously worked on Saighton Grange at the Eaton Hall estate. The intention was to build a modern, manageable house. The result was a rectangular, flat-roofed house clad in white travertine , its "white color contrasting sharply with the softness of the Cheshire countryside." Construction on the new house began in 1971, took less than 2½ years and cost £ 459,000 (around £ 5.49 million today). The house had a right of way in the middle of the front entrance. The house was designed asymmetrically, had two full floors and a basement with a swimming pool. The most important rooms were accessible via a two-storey entrance hall in the middle of the house. The parade rooms were on the 1st floor. The house was decorated with wall coverings made of silk and floors made of wooden blocks.

Later it was felt that the new country house did not fit into its surroundings, and so it was decided to change its appearance. The Percy Thomas Partnership was commissioned with this. The redesign began in 1989 and ended in 1991, making Dennys' country house look more like a French chateau. The result was not particularly pleasing either; In 2011 it was described in the Pevsner Architectural Guides , Chapter Cheshire , as "Château style, (Waterhouse) Eaton style, but also Tesco style".

Outbuildings

Chapel of Eaton Hall from the south

Adjacent to the current country house are the remaining buildings designed by Waterhouse. To the north is the chapel of Eaton Hall; together with its clock tower, it is listed as a historical building of the first degree. The interior of the chapel is based on the Te Deum ; it consists of stained glass windows and stone mosaic and was designed by Frederic Shields . The stables are located just north of the chapel. They are historical buildings II *. Degree. The stables are made of brick built, red stones and wood and the roofs are of red brick covered. The west wing has a first floor made of wood and two gables, as well as a gatehouse with tourelles in the middle. The tourelles are polygonal at the bottom, round at the top and have conical roofs. There are two-story arcades with gables above on both sides of the gatehouse . In the courtyard there is a statue of a horse by Joseph Boehm , which is considered a historical building of the 2nd degree. At the southeast corner of the stables is a postilion house from 1873, which is classified as historical building II *. Degree is listed. In an anteroom between the stables and the chapel there is an artificial grotto , which is listed as a historical building of the second degree. There are other structures around the stables that are listed as historical buildings of the 2nd degree. To the north is the Coachhouse Court , which consists of a coach house , a covered courtyard and a riding school. This system was designed for the 1st Duke in the 1870s. Further north are the Eaton Hall Farmhouses, four adjoining farmhouses that were built around the same time. In the forecourt between the Coachhouse Court and the farmhouses is a lodge with gates, gate pillars and umbrellas. The former engine shed of the Eaton Hall Railway is located near the farmhouses . To the east of the stables is a chapel-like hunting lodge, also from the 1870s.

From 1896 to 1947 the property was served by the Eaton Hall Railway with 381 mm gauge. The narrow-gauge line ran from the country house to the Balderton depot on the Chester - Wrexham railway line . A branch led to the Cuckoo's Nest , where there was a workshop. Part of the old railway line was reopened in 1996.

estate

Entrance lodge of Eaton Hall in Cheshire by William Henry Fox Talbot about 1845

The property covers an area of ​​approximately 4,400 acres, including approximately 500 acres of parks and approximately 20 acres of formal gardens. They are listed on the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens . The property's boundaries generally follow the field boundaries, but to the east they follow the banks of the River Dee .

history

In the 17th century, formal gardens were laid out around Samwell's country house, with parterres and canals. It was very costly to maintain, however, and in the late 18th century fashion changed to favor a more informal type of garden. Landelot “Capability” Brown received the order for the new system . While one of Brown's documents from 1764 shows that he was paid for by the estate administration, it also indicates that a plan for the garden was drawn up by William Emes . From this, Marion Mako concludes that because Brown was both an engineer and a landscaper, the payment was arguably more for an engineering project than for landscaping. Emes had been influenced by Brown, even if he was his student. Emes worked for the property with his employee Thomas Leggett for the next 10 years. When Robert Grosvenor, who later became the 1st Marquess, inherited the property at the beginning of the 19th century, it fell into decline. The Marquess hired John Webb to redesign a student from Emes, Garden and Landscape Park. Webb's innovations included new rear patio walls, leveling Belgrave Avenue, planting 130,000 trees along the avenue, and creating a serpentine lake along the banks of the Dee. ER also took care of the construction of greenhouses and the creation of a kitchen garden .

Formal gardens mid 19th century

Fashion changed again and in the 1820s William Andrews Nesfield was commissioned to plan new parterres. He built more terraces and a wall with balusters . Statues, stone urns and vases on pedestals were added. In 1852 the camellia house was built; In 1870 it was expanded to its present size (117 meters long, 3 meters wide, 5 meters high). Today's kitchen garden was laid out in the same year; from him came the herbs and vegetables not only for the country house, but also for Grosvenor House in London. More greenhouses were built and by 1880 56 gardeners were employed. There was further construction work on the property: Waterhouse created a grotto between the chapel and the stables and designed the parrot house and a loggia (now called "The Temple"). The architect John Douglas of Chester designed the Dutch tea house in the tea garden and a number of outbuildings on the property. In 1897/1898 Edwin Lutyens began redesigning what was then called the Italian Garden , today's Dragon Garden .

In the 20th century, work on gardens and property continued. The 2nd Duke commissioned Detmar Blow , a student of Lutyens, to redesign parts of the gardens. With Fernand Billery , he removed the parterres, built a canal leading away from the house, divided the terraces into partitions lined with hedges, and created a pond at their lower end (now Lioness Pond and Kudu Pond ). During World War II , part of the park was requisitioned as an airfield, and in 1940 some of the garden houses were damaged by a carpet of incendiary weapons . After the war, the gardens were not restored until the 1960s, when the wives of the 4th and 5th dukes worked with the gardener James Russell . Since the early 1990s, the 6th Duke and his wife, 'Natalia', had the gardens redesigned by the gardening architects Arabella Lennox-Boyd and Vernon Russell Smith .

Formal gardens

Eaton Hall from the Italian Garden (2006)

To the east of the house, a series of terraces lead down to the fish pond. The boundary walls at the south end of the upper terrace are listed as historical building of the second degree, as are the boundary walls at the upper end of the upper terrace and the steps down to the middle terrace. A long, rectangular pond with three fountains stretches along the central terrace. The boundary walls of this pond are listed as historical buildings of the second degree, as are the railings on the north and south sides of the terrace. On both sides of the pond there are two partitions bounded by yew hedges . Between these partitions there is a statue on each side, which was created by Raymond Smith . Both statues were made in 1852 for the 2nd Marquess and are also considered historical buildings of the 2nd degree. The northern one depicts a stag , the southern one a hunter on a retreating horse.

From the end of this pond, steps lead down to a smaller, rectangular pond that is at right angles to the first. The steps and the boundary wall at the end of the terrace are listed as historical buildings of the 2nd degree. The boundary walls of the pond are also listed as historical buildings of the second degree. This complex contains two statues created by Jonathan Kenworthy . From this pond a path called the Broad Path leads north and south. At either end of Broad Path is a building that Waterhouse designed for the 3rd Marquess. At the north end is the parrot house, built from 1881–1883 ​​from yellow terracotta . It is in the shape of a round Ionic temple with a colonnade and a flat arched roof. There are concentric balustrades above the colonnade and the inner roundabout. 11 steps lead up to the entrance. The parrot house is listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree. At the southern end of the Broad Path is a loggia from around 1880. It consists of reddish-yellow and red sandstone. At its front are three arches between Ionic columns. The loggia was built around a Roman altar that was found in a spring at Boughton in 1821 and brought to Eaton in 1822. The loggia is also listed as a historical building of the second degree. To the east and west of the loggia are reconstructed Roman columns, each of which is also considered to be historical buildings of the second degree.

South of the loggia is the Dutch tea garden, which Charles Edward Mallows laid out around 1905. The garden contains a tea house designed by John Douglas. It has a cruciform floor plan and is a timber frame building on a sandstone pedestal. The roof is with red bricks covered and swings upward to a small tip on which a weather vane is seated. It is also listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree. In the middle of the garden there is a statue of Mercury and in front of the tea house there are two stone Talbo dogs. North of the tea house on the way to the Broad Path , there are two wrought iron gates that the 2nd Duke had made in 1913. The gates and their head piece are also historical buildings of the second degree.

Kitchen garden

To the south of the villa is a formal garden called the Italian Garden. It contains a pond in the middle of the so-called dragon fountain. The fountain is also listed as a historical building of the second degree. In the Italian Garden there are two statues, also listed as historical buildings of the second degree, those from the old, demolished country house: These are the statue of Joan of Eaton and the Norman Bishop Odo

The Spring Walk leads from the north side of the country house to the kitchen garden . To the east of the kitchen garden is the Camellia Walk , a long greenhouse full of camellias . It is 118 meters long and is said to be the longest glass corridor in the world. This building is also listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree. Some of the gates in this garden are said to have been designed by Lutyens and are also considered to be historical buildings of the second degree. Further walls and gates in the garden were designed by Waterhouse around 1870 and are listed as Historic Buildings II *. Grade listed.

To the east of the house is the forecourt, the center of which is a pond with an equestrian statue of the 1st Duke. It shows the duke on a horse holding a hawk in the air. It is a bronze statue made for the Duke by George Frederic Watts between 1870 and 1879 . It is considered a historical building II *. Degree. The boundary walls of the pond are listed as historical buildings of the second degree. To the west of the forecourt are the Golden Gates , the main gates to the property, which together with their umbrellas and lodges are historical buildings of the first degree. Another listed building in the gardens is a large stone urn on the west side of the fish pond from around 1880. It is richly decorated, around 3 meters high and stands on a circular pedestal, which forms the last detail of the east view of the country house. It is listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree.

more details

View along Belgrave Avenue

The property can be reached in different ways; on each of them there are architecturally interesting buildings. The Belgrave Avenue , about 3 km long, is a straight, the road from the Wrexham (5445 B) to the Road Golden Gates and the atrium leads to the east of the country house. The Belgrave Lodge on the south side of this avenue was built in 1899 according to plans by John Douglas and on behalf of the 1st Duke. It is made of red bricks with yellow stone pillars, ribbons and other cladding and is listed as a historical building of the second degree. The associated gates, pillars and walls were designed by Douglas at the same time and they are also considered historical buildings of the second degree. A little further along the avenue is the Upper Belgrave Lodge on its north side . It was also designed by Douglas for the 1st Duke, dates from 1877 and is also listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree. Further along the avenue is an obelisk made of red sandstone with a copper roof, listed as a historical building of the 2nd degree , which dates from 1890 and was planned by Douglas & Fordham .

Iron Bridge Lodge

The approach from Aldford leads from the village on the Aldford Iron Bridge over the Dee, listed as a historic building of the first degree , which William Hazledine built in 1824 for the 1st Marquis. The Iron Bridge Lodge next to the bridge was designed by Douglas & Fordham in 1894 and is listed as a Grade II Historic Building. Also on this driveway is the Coachmore Hill Lodge , which Douglas designed in the 1880s; it is considered a historical building of the 2nd degree. At this driveway near the Dutch tea garden there are gates with a superstructure and gate pillars from around 1870 in a classicist style, which are listed as historical buildings of the 2nd degree.

From the north there are two further entrances to the country house. One leads slightly west from the village of Eccleston, one from Chester past the village through Eccleston Hill . There are other listed structures in connection with these approaches. The most important of these is the Eccleston Hill Lodge , which was designed by Douglas in 1881/1882 for the 1st Duke and is now a Historic Building II *. Degree applies. It is a three-story gate tower with many smaller corner towers and a steep hipped roof . The other structures are listed as II degrees and consist of the Eccleston Lodge , designed by Douglas & Fordham in 1894, their gate system, and a dam with sandstone balusters south of the lodge on which the driveway runs, a house called Eaton Boat , designed by Douglas around 1880, a garden lodge, designed by Waterhouse 1881–1883, a gate system adjoining the lodge, also designed by Waterhouse in the years 1881–1883, the stud lodge warehouse with offices, designed by Douglas in 1883, the riding school of The stud farm, the stud stables, the house east of the stud farm, the offices of the estate of Eaton Hall, which Waterhouse designed in 1880, the North Lodge of 1881 (also by Waterhouse), the gate system of the North Lodge , also of 1881 and designed by Waterhouse , the garden house from 1893 designed by Douglas & Minshull and the gate system south of the garden house.

today

Dutch tea house on a 2010 day it was open.

Today Eaton Hall is a private residence and closed to the public, but the gardens are open three days a year to raise funds for good causes. There are some rooms near the stables that are used for exhibitions. The Carriage Museum displays the Westminster collection of carriages . The exhibition room houses a collection of items related to the Grosvenor family and the history room those related to the family history and illustrations of the various country houses over the centuries. In the stables you can see objects related to the family's horses. In the garden, in the parrot house, you can admire an exhibition of paintings by the Victorian painter Henry Stacy Marks .

Some areas in the stables can be rented for collections for good causes. The Long Room , which was refurbished in 1992 and now has the character of a drawing room in a large country house, can accommodate 150 people. The former tack room is now the dining room. The carriage room and the adjoining buildings have been converted into the Wolf Room , which has a moving stage and audio-visual facilities. There is room for 200 people and eight black chalk drawings of birds by Joseph Wolf are hung on the walls . The chapel is usually reserved for the family, but every December it is used for choral performances to raise money for a good cause.

Web links

Commons : Eaton Hall  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ NN: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. p. 2.
  2. ^ NN: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. pp. 2-3.
  3. ↑ a b N. N .: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. p. 4.
  4. ^ Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . P. 22.
  5. ^ Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . Pp. 22, 24.
  6. ^ A b c Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . P. 24.
  7. ^ Queen Victoria's Journals . In: Lord Esher's typescripts . RA VIC / MAIN / QVJ (W). October 16, 1832. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  8. ^ A b Nikolaus Pevsner, Edward Hubbard: The Buildings of England . Chapter: Cheshire . Yale University Press, New Haven and London 2003 (1971). ISBN 978-0-300-09588-3 . P. 208.
  9. ↑ a b c N. N .: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. p. 6.
  10. ^ Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . P. 27.
  11. ^ Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . Pp. 27, 29.
  12. ^ Diana Newton, Jonathan Lumby: The Grosvenors of Eaton . Jennet Publications, Eccleston (Cheshire) 2002. ISBN 978-0-9543379-0-2 . P. 29.
  13. ^ Eaton Hall National Service Officer Cadet School . Cheshire Military Museum. Archived from the original on January 19, 2015. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  14. ↑ a b c N. N .: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. p. 8.
  15. ↑ a b c Peter de Figueiredo, Julian Treuherz: Cheshire Country Houses . Phillimore, Chichester 1988. ISBN 978-0-85033-655-9 .
  16. ↑ Peter de Figueiredo, Julian Treuherz: Cheshire Country Houses . Phillimore, Chichester 1988. ISBN 978-0-85033-655-9 . Pp. 87-95.
  17. ^ NN: Eaton Halls . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2002. p. 10.
  18. ^ Clare Hartwell, Matthew Hyde, Edward Hubbard, Nikolaus Pevsner: The Buildings of England . Chapter Cheshire . Yale University Press, New Haven and London 2011 (1971). ISBN 978-0-300-17043-6 . Pp. 34-37.
  19. ↑ Listed Building: Eaton Chapel North of Eaton Hall . Historic England. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  20. ^ Listed Building: Stable Court North of Eaton Chapel . Historic England. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  21. ^ Nikolaus Pevsner, Edward Hubbard: The Buildings of England . Chapter: Cheshire . Yale University Press, New Haven and London 2003 (1971). ISBN 978-0-300-09588-3 . Pp. 209-210.
  22. ↑ Listed Building: Equestrian Statue and Plinth at Center of Stable Yard . Historic England. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  23. ^ Listed Building: Former Postillions House at South-East Corner of Stable Yard . Historic England. Retrieved March 12, 2018.
  24. ↑ Listed Building: Grotto in Recess Right of Lobby Between Stable Yard and Chapel . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  25. ↑ Listed Building: Coachhouse North of Stable Yard with Riding School and Yard Walls . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  26. ↑ Listed Building: Eaton Hall Cottages 30 Meters North of Coachhouse Court . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  27. ↑ Listed Building: Lodge, Gates, Piers and Screens to Forecourt Between Coachhouse Court and Eaton Hall Cottages . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  28. ↑ Listed Building: Former Eaton Railway Engine Shed 100 Meters North of Eaton Hall Cottages . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  29. ↑ Listed Building: Game Pantry 10 Meters East of Stable Yard . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  30. ^ Eaton Railway . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  31. ^ Eaton Hall: Summary . Parks & Gardens Data Services. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  32. ^ Parks & Gardens UK: Eaton Hall, Eccleston . Parks & Gardens Data Services. Archived from the original on December 31, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  33. ↑ Listed Garden: Eaton Hall . Historic England. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  34. ^ Eaton Hall: Description . Parks & Gardens Data Services. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  35. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 5-12.
  36. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. p. 12.
  37. ^ Nikolaus Pevsner, Edward Hubbard: The Buildings of England . Chapter: Cheshire . Yale University Press, New Haven and London 2003 (1971). ISBN 978-0-300-09588-3 . P. 210.
  38. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 12, 14.
  39. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. p. 14.
  40. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 16-21.
  41. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 21-22.
  42. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 24-29.
  43. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. p. 31.
  44. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. p. 33.
  45. ^ Marion Mako: The Gardens at Eaton Hall . Eaton Estate, Eaton 2009. pp. 33, 36.
  46. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . Pp. 70, 72, 74.
  47. ↑ a b Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . P. 72.
  48. ↑ Listed Building: Southern Retaining Wall to Upper Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  49. ↑ Listed Building: Retaining Wall to Upper (Western) Terrace, Steps and Wall of Fountain Pond . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  50. ↑ Listed Building: Retaining Walls of Axial Canal on Central Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  51. ^ Listed Building: Railing on the North Side of Middle Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  52. ^ Listed Building: Railing on the South Side of Middle Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  53. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . Pp. 72-73.
  54. ↑ Listed Building: Statue (Stag at Bay) North of Canal on Central Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  55. ↑ Listed Building: Equestrian Statue South of Canal on Central Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  56. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . P. 73.
  57. ↑ Listed Building: Retaining Walls and Paired Flights of Steps at East End of Central Terrace . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  58. ↑ Listed Building: Retaining Walls of Oval Pond with Flat Raised Surround at Center of Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  59. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . Pp. 73-74.
  60. ^ Listed Building: Parrot House at North End of Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  61. ^ Listed Building: Loggia at South End of Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  62. ↑ Listed Building: Column East of Loggia at South End of Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  63. ↑ Listed Building: Column West of Loggia at South End of Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  64. ^ A b Nikolaus Pevsner, Edward Hubbard: The Buildings of England . Chapter: Cheshire . Yale University Press, New Haven and London 2003 (1971). ISBN 978-0-300-09588-3 . P. 211.
  65. ^ Listed Building: Tea House at the North End of Dutch Garden . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  66. ↑ a b Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . P. 75.
  67. ↑ Listed Building: Pair of Gates and Overthrow North of Tea House, across Path to Broad Walk . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  68. ↑ Listed Building: Dragon Fountain . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  69. ↑ Listed Building: Statue of Joan of Eaton North-East of Dragon Fountain . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  70. ↑ Listed Building: Statue of Norman Bishop Odo North-West of Dragon Fountain . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  71. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . Pp. 75-77.
  72. ^ Listed Building: Long Greenhouse East of Southern Walled Garden . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  73. ↑ Listed Building: Pair of Folding Gates with Screens and Piers at South End of Southern Gardens . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  74. ↑ Listed Building: Walls with Pair of Gates and Overthrow, Central, along Southern Boundary of Walled Garden . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  75. ^ Linden Groves: Historic Parks & Gardens of Cheshire . Landmark, Ashbourne 2004. ISBN 978-1-84306-124-3 . P. 77.
  76. ↑ Listed Building: Equestrian Statue of Hugh Lupus, 1st Earl of Chester . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  77. ↑ Listed Building: Retaining Walls to Pond Containing Equestrian Statue of Hugh Lupus . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  78. ↑ Listed Building: Golden Gates and Overthrow, Screens and Pair of Wing Lodges . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  79. ^ Listed Building: Large Urn East of Fish Pond . Historic England. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  80. ↑ a b c Wirral & Chester: Explorer map 266 . Ordnance Survey.
  81. ^ Listed Building: Belgrave Lodge and Storesheds, and Domestic Offices . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  82. ↑ Listed Building: Belgrave Lodge Gates, Piers and Wing Walls . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  83. ↑ Listed Building: Upper Belgrave Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  84. ^ Listed Building: The Obelisk . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  85. ^ Listed Building: Iron Bridge over the River Dee . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  86. ^ Listed Building: Iron Bridge Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  87. ↑ Listed Building: Coach More Hill Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  88. ↑ Listed Building: Gates, Overthrow and Piers approximately 80 meters East of Dutch Tea Garden . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  89. ↑ Listed Building: Eccleston Hill Lodge Including Gatehouse and Attached Storeshed and Domestic Offices (West) . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  90. ^ Listed Building: Eccleston Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  91. ↑ Listed Building: Eccleston Lodge Gates, Piers and Wing Railings . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  92. ↑ Listed Building: Causeway Carrying Eccleston Approach Drive, South of Eccleston Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  93. ↑ Listed Building: Eaton Boat and Attached Storeshed and Domestic Offices . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  94. ↑ Listed Building: Garden Lodge, Yard Walls and Attached Storeshed and Domestic Offices . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  95. ↑ Listed Building: Pair of Gates, Railings and Screen Walls Adjoining Garden Lodge . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  96. ^ Listed Building: Stud Lodge Storeshed and Domestic Offices . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  97. ↑ Listed Building: Stud Riding School and Attached Loose Yard Walls . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  98. ^ Listed Building: Stud Stables . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  99. ^ Listed Building: House East of Stud . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  100. ^ Listed Building: Eaton Estate Office . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  101. ^ Listed Building: North Lodge, Attached former Pay Office and Yard with Storeshed and Closet . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  102. ^ Listed Building: North Lodge Gate and Posts . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  103. ^ Listed Building: The Garden House . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  104. ^ Listed Building: Gates South East of Garden House, and Gate Piers . Historic England. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  105. ^ Garden Open Days . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  106. ^ Carriage Museum . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  107. ^ Exhibition Room . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  108. ^ History Room . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  109. ↑ Stables . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  110. ^ The Parrot House . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  111. ↑ Long Room . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  112. ↑ Wolf Room . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2011. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
  113. ↑ Chapel . Grosvenor Estate. Archived from the original on February 25, 2009. Retrieved March 16, 2018.

Coordinates: 53 ° 8 ′ 25.1 ″  N , 2 ° 52 ′ 39 ″  W.