Elfringhausen

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Oberelfringhausen in the Felderbachtal
Höhenweg in Niederelfringhausen

Elfringhausen is located south of Hattingen in the Ennepe-Ruhr district ( North Rhine-Westphalia ) with the districts of Niederelfringhausen (5.51 km²) and Oberelfringhausen (7.25 km²) on the border between Westphalia and the Bergisches Land .

history

The peasantry Elfring Hausen was in 1253 as Elfrinchusen first mentioned by name, but the place is a 400 year old Saxon settlement from the so-called " -inghausen " type and the Saxon settlers liked the dark meadow valley with its gray mists as whereabouts of the elves deem appropriate who performed their nocturnal "round dance or rings" here. This is how the name ELF-RING-HAUSEN seems to have come about. People probably have lived here for thousands of years, on the southwestern base of Lindenhofes was (first mentioned in 1005) during excavations in the 1930s, the remains of a 23 acre large ancient Germanic centrifugal or Wallburg , with a double rampart discovered. They found an approx. 4000 year old stone weapon, a hand ax .

middle Ages

1200 years ago there was a primeval forest here, the Wagneswald, a border forest between Franconia in the west and Saxony in the east, and the watershed between the Ruhr and Wupper in the south. The stream that runs through this area was formerly called Farnthrapa ( Felderbach ). The first documentary mention was on October 17, 837, when Erp, son of Aldrik , gave the Abbey of Werden , between the streams Podrebeci (Porbecke) and Farnthrapa , a clearing in the Waneswald . The clearing of the Varentrappe ( Fahrentrappe ) was created before 800, when the Saxon settler Älfried and his clan built a log house here. The only way led through the jungle into the northern Ruhr valley via this courtyard, later as the “ Green Way ” long-distance and church path to Hattingen.

In the year 1005 ten taxable farms were named in Elfringhausen: Huxel, Fahrentrappe, Haselbeck, Lifterhof, Kühls and Lindenhof, expanded with Kinkhausen, Niggen, Polzenberg and Striebeck. They belonged to the 21 sub-courts of the imperial court of Hattingen, which Emperor Heinrich II gave to Deutz Abbey at the same time . In 1243 the Deutz lordship of Hattingen came to the county of Mark with all its farms . Only a few feudal farms remained at the Werden monastery, such as the Bärwinkel farm, which was first mentioned in 1220 . The Bitters Gut belonged to the knight Konrad von Didinkhoven ( Herbede House ). The Count von der Mark was a wood judge in the Elfringhauser Mark with the mast authorization. A noble family is mentioned in 1328 with Arnoldus de Elfrinchhusen and 1391 with Koine von Elfrinchhusen . Dietrich von der Brüggeney was enfeoffed from the Lords of Limburg-Stirum with half of the goods to Boninkhusen (Böhnkes) and oppen Velde (Fellers- / Marienhof) around 1350 to 1400 .

According to the Treasure Book of Mark County from 1486 included the Burschafft Elffrinckhuysen to the Official Blankenstein , parish and Gogericht District Hattingen, and had 24 taxable farm owner, with charges between a half and five gold florins . The following farms are named: “four Huxel farms, Rischenhof, Obere Blume, Böhnkes farm, Haselbeck, Niederlaak, Oberlaak, two Bemberg farms, Fellershof, two lifter farms, Auerhof, Bitters, Bärwinkel, Fahrentrappe, Abell, Kuhle, Mellbeck, Dunk and Flehinghaus ”.

Modern times

After the dissolution of the County of Mark, Nieder- and Oberelfringhausen belonged to the Sprockhövel Office (1815 Prussia , Province of Westphalia ) from 1807 until 1824 , and from 1825 to the Hattingen-Land Office as independent communities of Nieder- and Oberelfringhausen. After a high in the number of inhabitants in 1858 (417/670), they steadily decreased in the following decades after many families left their ancestral home because of the better living and working conditions in the surrounding communities. In 1885 there were 47 houses in Niederelfringhausen (plus two living spaces) with 64 households and 390 inhabitants, in Oberelfringhausen (plus two living places) there were 75 houses with 89 households and 528 inhabitants.

In Elfringhausen, which is characterized by agriculture, cattle and forestry, there were also iron houses, where nails and other small iron parts were forged in home work. House ribbon weavers were first mentioned in documents in 1822 and many residents (Kötter) made their living from ribbon weaving . In 1961 there were still 29 weavers with 63 ribbon chairs in Elfringhausen. While the knitters in Oberelfringhausen processed cotton and linen, those from Niederelfringhausen mainly woven silk.

School, church and clubs

Ev. Chapel Elfringhausen

A school is said to have existed on the Auerhof before 1700. Later there was a school at Lifterkamp, ​​which was replaced by a new building in 1821, until 1908 as a Protestant elementary school, then as a public association elementary school (new building in 1962). In 1890 the number of pupils was 126. There were a total of 23 teachers at the school until it was closed in 1968. The teacher Caspar Ludwig Gosmann (1838–1915) also worked as an organist and first local researcher in Elfringhausen.

Most of the residents of Elfringhausen are Lutheran and have been parish in Hattingen since the Middle Ages. Only a few families from the south of Oberelfringhausen joined the Herzkamp parish from 1787 onwards . It was not until 1899 that a parish vicar was employed for both Elfringhausen. The private cemetery association (Sparverein) was founded in 1896 and the cemetery was inaugurated in 1900. The "Evangelical Chapel Elfringhausen" was built in front of this in 1964 and a parish hall was added in 1984. There was a Catholic chapel at Marienhof from 1931 to 1982 when a nursing home was housed there. Today the former chapel on the Demeterhof serves as an event room.

There was a Landwehr Association from 1871 to 1945. In the Second World War, both communities had a total of 49 war dead. The sports club SSV Preussen was founded in 1953 (table tennis national league) and in 1967 the "Citizens, Local and Tourist Association Elfringhausen and Surroundings eV".

Districts

Lindenhof monument

At the end of 1969 Niederelfringhausen had 273 residents with the community leader Günter Schwardtmann (1964–1969). Oberelfringhausen had 461 inhabitants with community leader Heinrich Meiwes (1952–1969). As part of the local reorganization, both communities were incorporated into the city of Hattingen on January 1, 1970. The Auerhof and the Lindenhof are Hattinger architectural monuments . Events take place in the former community center, such as B. 2014 the 50th Elfringhauser Heimatfest. At the end of 2019 Niederelfringhausen had 184 inhabitants and Oberelfringhausen 353 inhabitants.

Infrastructure

The state road L 924 (Felderbachstraße) runs from northwest to south through the Elfringhauser area. The bus route 634 running there was discontinued in January 2018. Since then there has been no more public transport in Elfringhausen.

The Elfringhausen Volunteer Fire Brigade has existed since 1944. The fire brigade has 29 members.

Tourism and leisure

The Elfringhausen Ribbon Weaving Museum of the Bürger-, Heimat- und Verkehrsverein eV has existed here since 1996 at Felderbachstrasse 59.

The landscape is called Hattinger Hügelland or Elfringhauser Switzerland . The local recreation area between the Wodantal and Deilbach is accessible by hiking trails. Country inns and hotels offer starting points for hiking and cycling tours. Riding stables offer riding lessons or rides in the area.

In Nieder- and Oberelfringhausen there are the landscape protection areas Niederbredenscheid / Elfringhausen and Felderbachtal / Paasbachtal / Deilbachtal . The Felderbachtal nature reserve in Niederelfringhausen . The light hole of the Herzkämper Erbstollen located on a pasture at the Fahrentrappe farm is a ground monument .

Personalities

Sons of the districts

Personalities associated with the place

Web links

Commons : Elfringhausen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Ophüls: "Alt-Langenberg" - A home book. Verlag Hermann 1936 (hand ax in the exhibition "Langenberg Local History Collection")
  2. ↑ Elfringhauser Heimatschriften. Volume 6, 1999 / Ed .: Citizens, Local History and Tourism Association Elfringhausen und Umgebung eV, pp. 9, 10, 21, 23, 26, 27 pdf [1]
  3. ↑ Theodor Joseph Lacomblet (Ed.): Document book for the history of the Lower Rhine ... Volume I from 779 to 1200, Düsseldorf 1840, Urk 52 p. 24 Digitalsat [2]
  4. ↑ Heinrich Eversberg : The medieval Hattingen - cultural history and settlement geography of a city on the Ruhr, Ed .: Heimat- und Geschichtsverein Hattingen eV 1985, p. 265
  5. ↑ Klaus Bärwinkel: Family Chronicle Bärwinkel / Kampschulte / van de Bürie, court and clan history from 1220 to 2014. Self-distribution 2014, p. 23, 38
  6. ^ Franz Darpe : History of the Hattingen district . (Ed.): District Committee of the District of Hattingen 1910, p. 39/40 Digitalsat [3]
  7. ^ Aloys Meister : Die Grafschaft Mark, Festschrift to commemorate the 300-year union with Brandenburg-Prussia. Volume 2, Dortmund 1909, p. 18 - Excerpt from the treasury of Grafschaft Mark from 1486 (Elfringhausen farmers)
  8. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Westphalia. Berlin 1887, pp. 90, 91 Online edition Münster University and State Library 2014
  9. ↑ Elfringhauser Heimatschriften. Volume 2, 1996 / Ed .: Citizens, Local and Tourist Association Elfringhausen und Umgebung eV
  10. ↑ Elfringhauser Heimatschriften. Volume 7, 2000
  11. ↑ Elfringhauser Heimatschriften. Volume 4, 1998
  12. ↑ The legend of the Marienhof in Elfringhausen . In: Legendary Ruhr Area
  13. ↑ Heimatverein Elfringhausen
  14. ↑ Hattinger facts | Hattingen - Population figures accessed on May 2, 2020
  15. ↑ Hattingen Fire Brigade - Freiwillige Feuerwehr In: feuerwehr-hattingen.de , accessed on February 19, 2019.
  16. ↑ https://www.waz.de/staedte/hattingen/hattingen-uta-ranke-heinemann-mag-philosophische-kuehe-id228002199.html

Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 17.2 "  N , 7 ° 10 ′ 34.8"  E