Ernst Schaumburg

This article explains Lieutenant General Ernst Schaumburg; the historian and colonel is described under Ernst von Schaumburg .

Ernst Schaumburg (born November 13, 1880 in Koblenz , † October 4, 1947 in Hamburg ) was a German officer , most recently lieutenant general in World War II and from 1940 to 1943 commander of Paris.

Life

Schaumburg joined the 7th Thuringian Infantry Regiment No. 96 in Gera on March 22, 1899 , coming from the Cadet Corps as a lieutenant . From there, on October 2, 1904, he was transferred to the replacement company of Field Regiment No. 2 of the Schutztruppe in German South West Africa . Here Schaumburg was involved in the suppression of the uprising of the Herero and Nama and was awarded the Order of the Red Eagle and the Order of the Crown, IV class with swords. He returned to Germany as first lieutenant (since August 19, 1909) and came to Colmar on March 22, 1910, to machine gun department No. 9. For one year, Schaumburg served in the 2nd company of the 6th Thuringian Infantry Regiment No. 95 in Gotha , before he was then transferred to Berlin on September 13, 1913 on foot to the 2nd Guards Regiment . At the same time as he was promoted to captain on October 1, 1913, he was initially with the staff of the II Battalion and on December 18, 1913, he became chief of the 9th Company.

With the mobilization at the outbreak of the First World War , he was appointed company commander in the Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 64, which moved into neutral Belgium as part of the 1st Guard Reserve Division . a. participated in the fall of Namur . Then the regiment moved to the Eastern Front . Here it was used in the battle of the Masurian Lakes and the campaign in southern Poland. Schaumburg was wounded there by a shot in the head on October 4, 1914. As a result of this injury, it was subsequently unusable for almost a year. After his recovery, Schaumburg took over as commander of the regiment's 2nd battalion on September 21, 1915. This he commanded during the Narew offensive with the 12th Army under Artillery General Max von Gallwitz . In 1916, Schaumburg and his regiment returned to the Western Front , where they fought on the Somme , near Arras and in the Third Battle of Flanders . For the capture of Bapaume during the spring offensive of 1918 , in which Schaumburg was wounded by shrapnel on the left shoulder, he received the highest Prussian valor award on April 21, 1918, the Pour le Mérite . On October 5, 1918, Schaumburg was entrusted with the management of the regiment that he would return home after the war.

On October 1, 1919, he was taken over by the Reichswehr , where Schaumburg was initially used in the Reichswehr Infantry Regiment 115. After the reduction to the 100,000-man army , he served as a company commander in the 9th (Prussian) Infantry Regiment from October 1, 1920 . There he became major on September 28, 1921 and as such was adjutant of the 3rd Division in Berlin from April 1, 1922 to January 31, 1925 . Then he took over as commander in Lübeck of the 2nd Battalion of the 6th Infantry Regiment and was promoted to lieutenant colonel on November 1, 1927 . Four months later, Schaumburg moved up to the staff of the 7th (Prussian) Infantry Regiment in Schweidnitz . After being promoted to colonel on November 1, 1930, on February 1, 1931, he was appointed commander of the 1st (Prussian) Infantry Regiment stationed in Königsberg . Schaumburg gave up this command after two years, was instead appointed Commandant of Berlin and promoted to Major General two months later . Then on February 1, 1937, he was employed by the X Army Corps as Landwehr commander in Hamburg.

After the reorganization to the 225th Infantry Division , Schaumburg, who had meanwhile become lieutenant general on February 1, 1938, acted as its commander at the beginning of the Second World War. The division was initially stationed on the Siegfried Line for security and then took part in the campaign in the west , during which the neutral states of the Netherlands and Belgium were invaded. Schaumburg then continued to lead the division in France, where he gave up command on July 31, 1940 and was then appointed commander of Greater Paris . He was released from this post on April 30, 1943 and transferred to the Führerreserve . Hans von Boineburg-Lengsfeld (1889–1980) succeeded him as commandant of Greater Paris .

On October 31, 1943, he was retired from active service; until the end of the war it was no longer used.

literature

• Karl-Friedrich Hildebrand, Christian Zweng: The knights of the order Pour le Mérite of the First World War, Volume 3: P – Z , Biblio Verlag, Bissendorf 2011, ISBN 3-7648-2586-3 , pp. 186–188
• Hanns Möller: History of the Knights of the Order pour le mérite in World War II , Volume II: M – Z, Verlag Bernard & Graefe, Berlin 1935, pp. 244–246

Web links

• Newspaper article about Ernst Schaumburg in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

Individual evidence

1. ^ The German Army 1939 - structure, locations, staffing and list of all officers on 3.1.1939 , Podzun-Verlag, Bad Nauheim 1953, p. 157