Erwin Marcusson
Erwin Marcusson (born June 11, 1899 in Berlin ; † January 29, 1976 ibid.) Was a German social hygienist , university professor and deputy minister for health in the GDR .
Life
After graduating from the Falk-Gymnasium in Berlin-Tiergarten , Erwin Marcusson did his military service as a paramedic in Rastatt from 1917 to 1918 . During the November Revolution of 1918 he was a member of a workers 'and soldiers' council and took part in the Spartacus uprising in January 1919 . In 1919 he became a member of the KPD . From 1919 to 1925 Marcusson studied medicine in Berlin, Würzburg, Freiburg , Munich and Heidelberg. In 1925 he received his doctorate from Heidelberg University . After completing his specialist medical training, he was a town school doctor in Altenburg from 1927 to 1930 and became a commercial medical advisor in Magdeburg in 1930. From 1930 to 1933 worked as an assistant doctor at the hospital in Berlin-Britz and in a private practice.
After his arrest in early April 1933 and brief “ protective custody ” in Berlin-Plötzensee , Marcusson emigrated to Switzerland in May 1933. There he first worked as an assistant doctor in a sanatorium in Montana and from 1934 on at a social science institute in Zurich. In February 1936 he went to the Soviet Union. In Moscow worked in the Central Institute for Medical Training. In January 1938 Marcusson was expelled from the KPD and arrested in March by the NKVD on charges of espionage and treason against Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht together with his wife Hildegard Marcusson (1910-1992). These allegations were found to be false. After their release from pre-trial detention in March 1940, the Marcusson couple were expelled from the Soviet Union, but were deported as Jews to the Polish border by the German authorities. From 1941 on they lived in Aralsk , Kazakhstan , where Erwin Marcusson worked in the rayon health administration.
In 1947 Marcusson returned to Germany and became department head in the German Central Administration for Health Care and Deputy Director and from 1949 director of the Central Institute for Social and Industrial Hygiene. From 1951 to 1957 he was head of the main administration of healing in the Ministry of Health and from June 1956 to December 1958 Deputy Minister of Health of the GDR. When the government was reformed in December 1958, his extensive responsibilities were divided between two deputy ministers. Walter Friedeberger and Michael Gehring were appointed Deputy Health Ministers for Marcusson . From 1959 to 1965 he was director of the Institute for Social Hygiene at the Academy for Medical Training in Berlin-Lichtenberg . Since 1955 he had a teaching position at the Humboldt University in Berlin .
Erwin Marcusson's grave is in the Friedrichsfelde Central Cemetery in Berlin.
Others
In 2006 a street in the Berlin district of Rummelsburg was named after the wife of Erwin Marcusson, the social hygienist Hildegard Marcusson (1910–1992).
On August 20, 2018, a stele in memory of the couple was inaugurated at the former home of Hildegard and Erwin Marcusson at Gundelfinger Straße 27.
Awards
- Medal for participation in the armed struggles of the German working class from 1918 to 1923
- 1958 medal for fighters against fascism 1933 to 1945
- 1959 Patriotic Order of Merit in silver and 1969 in gold
- 1964 Honorary title of Honored Doctor of the People
- 1974 Gold medal for the Patriotic Order of Merit
Works (selection)
- Social hygiene: basics and organization of health protection . Thieme, Leipzig 1954
literature
- Peter Schneck, Bernd-Rainer Barth : Marcusson, Erwin . In: Who was who in the GDR? 5th edition. Volume 2. Ch. Links, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Erwin Marcusson in the catalog of the German National Library
- Short biography of Erwin Marcusson (PDF; 97 kB) In: 100 Years of Social Hygiene, Social Medicine and Public Health in Germany
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rosa Luxemburg: Theory, Context, Actuality . Rosa Luxemburg Foundation , November 9, 2011
- ↑ Minutes No. 26/56 of the meeting of the Politburo of the SED Central Committee on June 5, 1956.
- ↑ Minutes No. 47/58 of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED on 25/26. November 1958.
- ↑ Hildegard-Marcusson-Strasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
- ^ Commemorative stele for Hildegard and Erwin Marcusson Press release from the Berlin-Lichtenberg district office
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Marcusson, Erwin |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German physician, social hygienist and health politician |
DATE OF BIRTH | June 11, 1899 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
DATE OF DEATH | January 29, 1976 |
Place of death | Berlin |