Erwin Marcusson

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Memorial plaque on the house, Gundelfinger Strasse 27, in Berlin-Karlshorst

Erwin Marcusson (born June 11, 1899 in Berlin ; † January 29, 1976 ibid.) Was a German social hygienist , university professor and deputy minister for health in the GDR .

Life

After graduating from the Falk-Gymnasium in Berlin-Tiergarten , Erwin Marcusson did his military service as a paramedic in Rastatt from 1917 to 1918 . During the November Revolution of 1918 he was a member of a workers 'and soldiers' council and took part in the Spartacus uprising in January 1919 . In 1919 he became a member of the KPD . From 1919 to 1925 Marcusson studied medicine in Berlin, Würzburg, Freiburg , Munich and Heidelberg. In 1925 he received his doctorate from Heidelberg University . After completing his specialist medical training, he was a town school doctor in Altenburg from 1927 to 1930 and became a commercial medical advisor in Magdeburg in 1930. From 1930 to 1933 worked as an assistant doctor at the hospital in Berlin-Britz and in a private practice.

After his arrest in early April 1933 and brief “ protective custody ” in Berlin-Plötzensee , Marcusson emigrated to Switzerland in May 1933. There he first worked as an assistant doctor in a sanatorium in Montana and from 1934 on at a social science institute in Zurich. In February 1936 he went to the Soviet Union. In Moscow worked in the Central Institute for Medical Training. In January 1938 Marcusson was expelled from the KPD and arrested in March by the NKVD on charges of espionage and treason against Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht together with his wife Hildegard Marcusson (1910-1992). These allegations were found to be false. After their release from pre-trial detention in March 1940, the Marcusson couple were expelled from the Soviet Union, but were deported as Jews to the Polish border by the German authorities. From 1941 on they lived in Aralsk , Kazakhstan , where Erwin Marcusson worked in the rayon health administration.

In 1947 Marcusson returned to Germany and became department head in the German Central Administration for Health Care and Deputy Director and from 1949 director of the Central Institute for Social and Industrial Hygiene. From 1951 to 1957 he was head of the main administration of healing in the Ministry of Health and from June 1956 to December 1958 Deputy Minister of Health of the GDR. When the government was reformed in December 1958, his extensive responsibilities were divided between two deputy ministers. Walter Friedeberger and Michael Gehring were appointed Deputy Health Ministers for Marcusson . From 1959 to 1965 he was director of the Institute for Social Hygiene at the Academy for Medical Training in Berlin-Lichtenberg . Since 1955 he had a teaching position at the Humboldt University in Berlin .

Erwin Marcusson's grave is in the Friedrichsfelde Central Cemetery in Berlin.

Others

In 2006 a street in the Berlin district of Rummelsburg was named after the wife of Erwin Marcusson, the social hygienist Hildegard Marcusson (1910–1992).

On August 20, 2018, a stele in memory of the couple was inaugurated at the former home of Hildegard and Erwin Marcusson at Gundelfinger Straße 27.

Awards

Works (selection)

  • Social hygiene: basics and organization of health protection . Thieme, Leipzig 1954

literature

Web links

Commons : Erwin Marcusson  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rosa Luxemburg: Theory, Context, Actuality . Rosa Luxemburg Foundation , November 9, 2011
  2. ↑ Minutes No. 26/56 of the meeting of the Politburo of the SED Central Committee on June 5, 1956.
  3. ↑ Minutes No. 47/58 of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the SED on 25/26. November 1958.
  4. ↑ Hildegard-Marcusson-Strasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
  5. ^ Commemorative stele for Hildegard and Erwin Marcusson Press release from the Berlin-Lichtenberg district office
personal data
SURNAME Marcusson, Erwin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German physician, social hygienist and health politician
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1899
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH January 29, 1976
Place of death Berlin