Evangelical Church (Ober-Ohmen)

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Church from the southwest
Tower from the southeast

The Protestant church in Ober-Ohmen , a district of the community Mücke in the Hessian Vogelsbergkreis , is a listed hall church with a mansard roof from the years 1792-1794. Stylistically, it stands between late baroque and classicism . The choir tower from the late Romanesque / early Gothic transition period (second half of the 13th century) was preserved.

history

A pleban has been recorded for the year 1199. The church was first mentioned in 1224 when the lords of Munzenberg had the right of patronage . It fell to the Falkensteiners in 1255. In 1291 the church was incorporated into the Antoniterkloster Grünberg , while the Falkensteiners kept the patronage. The Pfarrerei was at the Licher 1316 Marienstift given by the Church in 1317 incorporated . In the late Middle Ages was an upper-Ohmen Sendort in Archidiakonat St. Johann in the Archdiocese of Mainz . The choir hall received Gothic pointed arch windows in the 14th century and was painted. In the pre-Reformation period, Ober-Ohmen Ruppertenrod , Unter-Seibertenrod and Zeilbach belonged to the parish .

With the introduction of the Reformation under the Barons Riedesel zu Eisenbach, the parish changed to the evangelical confession. The first Protestant pastor was Georg Rupel (* around 1523) from 1550 until after 1553. The right of presentation fell to the Prince of Solms-Lich .

On July 25, 1777, the Freiherrlich Riedeselschen Consistory in Lauterbach was informed in writing that the church was too small. This leads to "angry behavior" on the part of the worshipers who had to share the stands. As a temporary solution, it was decided to take turns sitting. Despite high maintenance costs, the building surveyor Krambs spoke out in 1782 for a repair of the church and a support of the church ceiling with tree trunks. The introduction of the new pastor Römheld in June 1782 had to be relocated to the open air in front of the Riedesel office due to the dilapidation of the church. In autumn 1783 the demolition of the old church, which was no longer big enough in view of the increased population, began by the Homberg bricklayer Peter Riatsch. The refusal of the municipalities of Ruppertenrod and Zeilbach to contribute to the costs of demolition and new construction delayed the construction project and led to years of legal dispute. In the autumn of 1784, the church tower was renovated, where services were held temporarily for ten years after the demolition of the ship revealed further damage. The disputes about the financing eventually led to an opinion being obtained from the law faculty of Göttingen University. In June 1792 the foundation stone was laid and in 1794 it was completed according to a design by the building manager Fink from Lauterbach.

Until 1833 the right of nomination for new pastors lay with the Licher Marienstift and the right of presentation with the Prince of Solms-Lich, then with the Hessian state. The church roof was repaired in 1848 and 1868. Another repair of the roof took place in 1902 when the community purchased new church windows and had the interior renovated. The late Gothic wall paintings in the choir, which had already been exposed, were whitewashed with white lime in 1950 when new bells were installed. In the course of a comprehensive interior renovation (1963–1969), the church tower was renovated from 1968 to 1969, the cracks of which were filled with a special concrete. Church painter Kurt Scriba from Herbstein exposed the paintings again during this time. In the mid-1990s, a new ceiling was drawn into the church, the roof structure was renovated and the church roof was re-covered. In 2016, the approximately ten-year restoration work on the murals came to an end.

The parish of Ober-Ohmen consists of the three parishes of Unter-Seibertenrod, Ruppertenrod and Ober-Ohmen. It belongs to the Evangelical Deanery Grünberg in the Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau .

architecture

South portal with a donkey's head in the gable triangle

The east- facing church is built in the southeast of the old village center and is located on Lutherweg 1521 . It consists of two structures: the medieval choir tower and the attached hall building, which takes up elements of classicism, but is still in the late Baroque tradition.

The massive, solidly walled-up choir tower is plastered in white on the first two floors. The protruding bell storey above a surrounding strip of cornice with visible beam heads is completely clad and has two high rectangular sound holes for the bells on each of the three free sides . It is covered by a flat time roof from the end of the 18th century with a cube-shaped lantern . On the three free sides, the gable dormers have pairs of high rectangular sound holes. The clock faces of the tower clock are attached to the four sides of the clapboard lantern. It is crowned by a tower pommel, cross and weathercock. The arched priest's gate on the south side has a wooden door, which is secured with fittings (probably 16th century) and a lock made of bolted beams. The choir hall is illuminated on the three free sides through a Gothic pointed arch window from the 14th century. On the first floor there are three narrow arched windows that point to a Romanesque origin. Inside, the ribbed vault rests on consoles .

The white plastered hall church above a protruding base could have taken the church of Bobenhausen as a model. It has a three-sided west end with beveled corners. At the east end there is a ball point with a weather vane. The square corner pilasters , three narrow circumferential bands and the walls of the windows and portals are made of red sandstone. The long sides of the baroque mansard roof have three dormers with gables. The wooden cornices of the eaves , in the bend of the mansard roof and in the triangular gables of the dormers are richly profiled and painted in a strong red. The three centrally mounted portals have profiled triangular gables, which are marked with the year 1792. On the west side, the gable bears the Riedesel coat of arms, while a donkey's head can be seen on the identical side portals. Two-storey windows with flat arches and keystones provide the church with light. Each side is designed symmetrically: On the long sides, the portals are flanked by two windows each, and five windows are let into the gallery. The sloping west corners each have two windows one above the other and the west side above the portal has a small round window ( ox-eye ). Two small round windows are let into the east wall of the church.

Interior

St. Elisabeth on a wall painting in the tower
Sacrament niche in the eastern wall of the tower, above St. Dorothea
Axially arranged altar area
Looking west

The high-quality red wall paintings in the choir tower date from the 14th century and are only partially preserved. The original polychrome version is so small that a reconstruction did not seem to make sense. The depictions show female saints, some of whom are crowned: St. Elisabeth of Thuringia feeding an old beggar on the north west wall, St. Helena on the north north wall, St. Dorothea on the north east wall and Maria in the reveal of the east window the child in a square painting. On the south wall you can see Maria Magdalena together with St. Catherine , who holds the wagon wheel as her attribute. In addition, lilies and architectural paintings as well as consecration crosses are shown on two levels in different painting styles . A square sacrament niche with eyelashes is embedded in the east wall in the north . It is surrounded by colorful wall paintings showing ogival windows with nuns' heads and stylized tendrils, but some parts of it were destroyed by the iconoclasm .

In the church hall, the equipment is from 1795-1800 in Zopfstil probably to a design by Lorenz Friedrich Müller in their original colored version intact. When the organ was erected in 1808, the interior was completed. The three principal pieces altar, pulpit and organ are arranged axially one above the other and one behind the other in the Protestant tradition. The model was the Schmalkalder castle chapel (completed in 1590). Ober-Ohmen is one of the last examples of this kind. The bricked-up block altar is covered by a canteen plate over a slope. Below the organ on the east gallery, the built-in sacristy hides the passage to the church tower and the pulpit staircase, which leads to the parish chair behind the pulpit. The three-part, blue-marbled pulpit wall is structured by red-marbled pilasters and is doubly curved in the Rococo style : convex in the middle part, to which the pulpit is attached, and concave in the side parts. The bulbous pulpit made of walnut wood has a sound cover to which small gold-plated bells are attached and which is decorated at the top with small gold-plated turrets, openwork carvings and a volute crown. The pulpit is flanked by two windows with lattice structure and arches. On the sides, two large round arches, under which the choir stalls have been preserved, lead over to narrow, closed oak stands in the east corners. The left was intended for the pastor's family, the right for the officials.

In the west, a three-sided, staggered gallery is built in, which rests in the area of ​​the central aisle on two consecutive, red-marbled painted and square-shaped wooden pillars that are connected with arches. On the sides, the supports are designed as round columns with capitals . The coffered panels of the gallery have green leaf garlands on an ocher background. The two-flight staircase in the west allows access to the gallery. Baroque and classicist elements stand side by side in the differently designed board docks on the gallery and pulpit stairs . The flat ceiling was renewed in the 1990s. The floor is covered with large stone slabs, while the church stalls stand on wooden floorboards and leave a central aisle free. The light blue, curved cheeks of the stalls end in volutes .

organ

Bernhard organ from 1808
Handwritten document in the organ in Ober-Ohmen (1808), in which Bernhard refers to himself as the builder and to his wife and three children

In 1680, the community signed a contract with Master Chunrad from Angersbach for a new organ that was to include six stops on a manual without a pedal . Chunrad's first work was not carried out. Instead, an organ was ordered from Georg Henrich Wagner from Lich, who delivered the same year. After several repairs, the organ was demolished in 1783 due to its disrepair.

For the new church, Johann Hartmann Bernhard from Romrod built a two-manual work with 22 registers in 1808. In the eleven- axis braid-style prospectus with classicist influences, five round and pointed towers alternate with six low flat pipe fields. The five pipe towers get lower and lower towards the outside, while the flat fields have the same height. The elevated central round tower is flanked by two pointed towers and two round towers on the outside. The case is decorated by four crowning vases.

The trombone 8 ′ in the pedal points to Main Franconian influence, so that taking over an organ from his father Johann Georg Bernhard, who learned organ building in Würzburg, was considered. The Superoctav 1 ′ in the second manual is otherwise only found in the region with the organ building families Grieb and Dreuth from Griedel.

The son Friedrich Wilhelm Bernhard carried out a renovation in 1855, which included the replacement of some registers, partly using the old pipe material. In 1970, Oberlinger carried out restoration and repositioning . The organ got a new console . A good half of Hartmann Bernhard's registers have been preserved. Today's disposition is as follows:

I main work C – f 3
Principal 8th' N
Bourdon 8th'
Quintatön 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Octav 4 ′
Recorder (from c 1 ) 4 ′
Quinta 3 ′
Octav 2 ′
Super octave 1'
Mixture IV N
Trumpet 8th' N
II subsidiary work C – f 3
Dumped 8th'
Gemshorn 4 ′ N
Flutdacked 4 ′
Forest flute 2 ′
third 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
Cymbel II N
Dulcian 8th' N
Tremulant
Pedal C – f 1
Sub-bass 16 ′
Violonbass 8th'
Quinta 6 ′
Principal 4 ′ N
Viol di Gamb 2 ′ N
trombone 16 ′ N
N = new register from Oberlinger (1970)

Peal

Oldest Rincker bell from 1922

The oldest detectable bell dates from 1501. Due to its age, it remained in the tower in 1917, while the other three bells were delivered for armament purposes. Since its sound deteriorated after a jump, the community had a new four-bell ring at the Rincker company in 1922 . Three of the bells suffered the same fate in World War II as in World War I and were melted down. Rincker then replaced the missing bells, which were inaugurated on September 24, 1950.

literature

  • Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 724-734 .
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I: Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , pp. 727–728.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Construction book for the Protestant parishes of the sovereign lands and the acquired areas of Darmstadt. (= Hassia sacra. 8). Self-published, Darmstadt 1935, p. 478.
  • Wilhelm Diehl: Pastor and schoolmaster book for the Hesse-Darmstadt sovereign lands. (= Hassia sacra. 4). Self-published, Darmstadt 1930, pp. 250-251.
  • Georg Kratz (ed.): The district of Alsfeld. Konrad Theiss, Stuttgart / Aalen 1972, ISBN 3-8062-0112-9 .
  • Karlheinz Lichau among others: 200 years of the Evangelical Church of Ober-Ohmen. Evangelical Church Community (Ober-Ohmen), Ober-Ohmen 1994.
  • Hartmut Miethe, Heinz-Gerhard Schuette: Gothic paintings . Ed .: Förderkreis Kunst-Mensch-Kirche (=  Christian art in Upper Hesse . Volume 1 ). Grünberg 2010.

Web links

Commons : Kirche (Ober-Ohmen)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Kratz (ed.): The Alsfeld district. 1972, p. 106.
  2. ↑ a b Ober-Ohmen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on April 30, 2017 .
  3. ^ Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. (= Writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 ). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 60.
  4. ↑ a b Diehl: Pastor and schoolmaster book for the Hesse-Darmstadt sovereign lands. 1930, p. 250.
  5. ↑ Lichau: 200 years of the Protestant Church of Ober-Ohmen. 1994, [p. 11].
  6. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 478.
  7. ↑ Lichau: 200 years of the Protestant Church of Ober-Ohmen. 1994, [p. 15].
  8. ↑ a b c d Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 727.
  9. ^ Diehl: Construction book for the Protestant parishes. 1935, p. 479.
  10. ↑ Evangelical in the Gießener Land , accessed on April 30, 2017.
  11. ^ Kratz (ed.): The district of Alsfeld. 1972, p. 103.
  12. ↑ a b c Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 728.
  13. ↑ Lichau: 200 years of the Protestant Church of Ober-Ohmen. 1994, [p. 18].
  14. ^ Miethe, Heinz-Gerhard Schuette: Gothic paintings. 2010, [p. 66].
  15. ^ Kratz (ed.): The district of Alsfeld. 1972, p. 104.
  16. ↑ Lichau: 200 years of the Protestant Church of Ober-Ohmen. 1994, [p. 19].
  17. ^ Kratz (ed.): The district of Alsfeld. 1972, pp. 109, 133.
  18. ^ Franz Bösken, Hermann Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 29.2 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M-Z . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1331-5 , p. 725 .
  19. ^ Bösken, Fischer: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine. Vol. 3: Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 2: M – Z. 1988, p. 731.
  20. ^ Organ in Ober-Ohmen , accessed April 30, 2017.

Coordinates: 50 ° 36 ′ 51.7 "  N , 9 ° 6 ′ 42.9"  E