Evangelical Church Battenfeld

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West tower with four wich houses
East end with the former window as a portal

The Protestant church is a listed church building in Battenfeld , a district of the municipality of Allendorf (Eder) in the Waldeck-Frankenberg district ( Hesse ). It was built in the 12th century as a Romanesque pillar basilica with a transept, but has lost its aisles. The fortified west tower is characterized by four wich houses . The youngest structure is the end of the choir from the 13th century on an almost square floor plan.

history

The Battenfeld Marienkirche was first mentioned in the year 879. The current church was built in the second half of the twelfth century. In 1249 a pleban is recorded .

In the Middle Ages, Battenfeld was the seat of a broadcasting court and ecclesiastically belonged to the Deanery Kesterburg in the Archdiakonat St. Stephan in the Archdiocese of Mainz . The parish included the places Altershausen, Battenberg, Dodenau, Laisa and Rengershausen.

With the introduction of the Reformation , the parish switched to the evangelical creed. Conrad Jeude has been recorded as the first Protestant pastor in 1553. A change to the Reformed creed followed in 1606, and finally returned to the Lutheran one in 1624.

Two very narrow aisles were probably destroyed and demolished in the Thirty Years War .

An extensive renovation took place in 1954. A renovation in 2000 included the interior, the roof and the tower.

architecture

Layout
View of the north wall with the remains of the old arcade arches

The easted , white plastered, former pillar basilica on a cross-shaped floor plan is built in the old town center from quarry stone masonry with sandstone structures. It is surrounded by a cemetery area that extends mainly to the north. The building complex consists of a high, square west tower, a transept with very short arms and an east end on a slightly rectangular floor plan. The nave and choir have corner blocks that are left out of the plastering. The interior of the ship is vaulted with two almost square main yokes of the bound system .

The nave is vaulted with a groin between rectangular belt and divider arches . The narrow transept arms are equipped with barrel vaults . The walled arcades can be seen on the north side outside and inside and today serve as windows in the upper area. The former wide pillars have Kämpfergesimse , some with scales and dental fries are decorated. Small Romanesque stone sculptures from the Romanesque period have been preserved on the outside of the church . On the north gable a knight is depicted in a hollow relief under a narrow gable, next to it a protruding male head, on the east side of the south arm a male head in a relief. External stairs allow access to the galleries from the west. At different heights, windows of different shapes and sizes illuminate the ship.

The high, undivided defense tower has no windows, apart from a round-arched south-facing window that was later broken in. Two slit-shaped loopholes have been preserved on the west and south sides. It has a vaulted tower ground floor that is only accessible from the ship. The tower hall opens to the ship in a round arched door with stepped walls . A late Gothic, slim eight-sided pointed helmet is completely slated and crowned by a tower knob, a cross and a weathercock. At the corners of the spire there are four polygonal wichhouses made of half-timbering, which have a round-arched sound hole and are decorated with a point. The bell chamber houses a triple bell. The oldest bell, the "alphabet bell", dates from the 14th century. The caster has put the intended sequence of letters in the wrong direction, namely backwards and partly in reverse. Another medieval bell was replaced in 1855. The third bell from 1685 was delivered in 1917 together with the one from 1855 for armament purposes. The bells cast as replacements in 1922 were delivered in 1941 and both replaced in 1951.

The choir is slightly drawn in opposite the ship and is lower. It is illuminated in the east through a pointed arch window whose tracery has been removed. Inside the choir vault is raised like a dome . The former south window has been converted into a portal that can be accessed through a small external staircase. The small, arched sacristy is on the north side of the choir under a towed pent roof . It is supplied with light through a tall rectangular window on the east wall.

Furnishing

View into the choir room

The wooden gallery in the ship runs on three sides. It rests on eight-sided posts with arches . One of them is decorated with a round rosette and marked with the year 1661. Its baroque parapet paintings from 1742 show the apostles and evangelists as well as the three persons of the Trinity on the long sides . The west gallery bears an inscription with the year 1815 and serves as a place of installation for the organ. It protrudes trapezoidally and is provided with a board dock . The coat of arms of the Mainz canon Siegfried von Biedenfeld can be seen in its original colors on the belt arch above the organ. The gallery in the choir is also circumferential on three sides and has turned board docks in the north and east. The southern pore bears inscriptions on the parapet fields between pilasters with Bible words from Eph 6,13  LUT , Ps 26,8  LUT and Ps 84,2 + 5  LUT .

A Romanesque stone canteen covers the block altar, which may have been built from second-used ashlar stones. On the east side it bears a secondary inscription: "J • G • BICHMANN • AO • 1720". A large wooden crucifix of the three-nail type from the late Gothic period (second quarter of the 15th century), which originally served as a triumphal cross, hangs above the altar . The arms of the cross end in four-passes ; the original color version is partly preserved. A smaller crucifix in the tower hall was made in the 1420s. The chalice-shaped font from the 16th century is made of sandstone.

The curved Romanesque iron fittings have been preserved on a door in the north transept. The floor of the choir is covered with an old stone paving.

The wooden polygonal pulpit on the south archway rests on a stone plinth. The pulpit, which presumably dates from the late Gothic period, has rectangular fillings in which two I-am-words of Jesus are painted: “I am the bread of life” ( Jn 6:35  LUT ) and “I am the light of the world . ”( Joh 8,12  LUT ). The polygonal sound cover has a simple design and, like the crowning cornice on the pulpit, dates from the 16th century.

The wooden church stalls form a closed block in the central nave and in the transverse arms, each facing the altar. The epitaphs from the 18th century are reminiscent of pastor Johann Georg Bichmann (1678–1743) and his wife Maria Sophia Magdalena von Biedenfeld (1675–1744) in the Rococo style as well as Ernst Ludwig Ferdinand von Geismar († 1722).

organ

Organ on the west gallery

The organ from 1871 was built by Jacob Vogt from Korbach . The instrument with mechanical slider drawers has 19 registers , which are divided between two manuals and a pedal . The five-axis prospectus has three round arches with triangular gables, of which the middle one is elevated. In between, low pipe flat fields mediate. The Lich company Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau restored the organ in 1977. The plan is as follows:

I main work C – f 3
Quintatön 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Hollow flute 8th'
Viola di gamba 8th'
Octave 4 ′
flute 4 ′
Fifth 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Octave 2 ′
Cornett III (from c) 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 2 ′
II subsidiary work C – f 3
Dumped 8th'
Flauto Traverso 8th'
Salicional 8th'
Gemshorn 4 ′
Flute 4 ′
Pedal C – c 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Principal bass 8th'
Violon bass 8th'
trombone 16 ′

See also

literature

  • Günter E. Th. Bezzenberger: Worth seeing churches in the church areas of Hesse and Nassau and Kurhessen-Waldeck, including the Rhine-Hessian church districts of Wetzlar and Braunfels. Evangelical Press Association, Kassel 1987, p. 68.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , pp. 88 f.
  • Wilhelm Diehl : Pastor and schoolmaster book for the acquired lands and the lost territories. (= Hassia sacra. Vol. 7). Self-published, Darmstadt 1933, pp. 193–195.
  • State Office for Monument Preservation Hessen , Ellen Kemp (Ed.), Roland Pieper, Antje Press, Reinhold Schneider (Red.): District Waldeck-Frankenberg II (Allendorf, Battenberg, Bromskirchen, Burgwald, Frankenau, Frankenberg, Gemünden, Haina, Hatzfeld, Rosenthal , Vöhl) (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Cultural monuments in Hesse ). Theiss, Darmstadt 2015, ISBN 978-3-8062-3054-3 , pp. 88-91.
  • Ferdinand Luthmer (edit.): The architectural and art monuments of the districts of Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg. Heinrich Keller, Frankfurt am Main 1910, pp. 15-17 ( online ).
  • Frank W. Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the deanery Biedenkopf . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin / Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-02355-0 , p. 20th f .

Web links

Commons : Battenfeld Church  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the deanery Biedenkopf. 2012, p. 21.
  2. ↑ a b Battenfeld. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on June 5, 2017 .
  3. ↑ a b c Rudolph: Evangelical churches in the deanery Biedenkopf. 2012, p. 20.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Description of the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse , accessed on June 5, 2017.
  5. ↑ Luthmer: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg districts. 1910, p. 15 ( online ).
  6. ↑ Luthmer: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg districts. 1910, p. 16 ( online ).
  7. ↑ Georg Dehio ; Edited by Magnus Backes: Hessen . In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . First volume. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1966, p. 62 .
  8. ↑ a b Bezzenberger: Churches worth seeing in the church areas of Hesse and Nassau and Kurhessen-Waldeck. 1987, p. 68.
  9. ↑ Luthmer: The architectural and art monuments of the Biedenkopf, Dill, Oberwesterwald and Westerburg districts. 1910, p. 17 ( online ).
  10. ↑ Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments, Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. 2008, p. 89.
  11. ^ Franz Bösken: Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.1 ). tape 2 : The area of ​​the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 1: A-K . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 , p. 68 .
  12. ^ Organ in Battenfeld , accessed on June 5, 2017.

Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′ 5 ″  N , 8 ° 39 ′ 30 ″  E