Fabric (Timișoara)

Timișoara municipalities

Fabric ( German  factory , Hungarian Gyárváros ) is the II. District of the western Romanian city ​​of Timișoara . It extends over an area of ​​1017 hectares and is by far the largest of the ten districts. The center of the city district is the Piața Traian .

history

The Piața Traian with the Serbian Orthodox Church of St. George , around 1900

Fabric was founded as an independent village in 1718 and finally incorporated into Timișoara in 1782. The place was created after the Venetian-Austrian Turkish War and the conquest of the Banat by Habsburg Austria through the reconstruction of the Palanca Mare , in German Great Palanka , located in front of the Temeswar fortress .  

The Bega at that time had a lot of small branches that crisscrossed the area with navigable canals. This circumstance made the transport of goods easier and thus enabled the emergence of diverse industries. Many guilds and craftsmen settled here, such as shoemakers, wagons, saddlers, furriers, coopers, fishermen, bakers, butchers and tailors, as well as the still existing beer factory in 1718 , today Timișoreana .

In 1769 Matthias Joseph Heimerl opened the Banat's first printing press in the "old silk house" with imperial privilege.

In 1880 there were eight mills with a capacity of over 2500 tons of wheat per year. In 1876, the Fabriker Bahnhof , today's Gara Timișoara Est ( German  Ostbahnhof ), was established. During the tenure of Mayor Karl Telbisz (1885 to 1914), the fortress walls were removed and the suburbs increasingly integrated.

The town's population originally consisted primarily of Romanians and Serbs (mostly tanners), but Hungarians , Jews , Bohemians and German Roma also settled here.

Name story

The Piața Traian around 1914

In 1744, 26 years after it was founded, the settlement was named Fabrique . The name is derived from the factories that were built here in the early years. In 1734 there was a silk factory and a cloth factory in addition to the beer factory mentioned above. An alternative name was Raizische Fabrique , based on the Orthodox denomination of the majority of the residents of that time. From around the middle of the 19th century the spelling was finally simplified to factory . With the increasing focus on the inner city, the term suburban factory became established , which is already used on the city map from 1849, for example. From its 19th century was the late - in the course of progressive magyarization after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 - the Hungarian name Gyárkülváros , literally translated factory suburb . At the turn of the century, this name was finally simplified to Gyárváros , the German equivalent for this is factory town . The latter is occasionally used by the German residents to this day, but never prevailed over the actual term factory . After the city ​​was ceded to Romania in the peace treaty of Trianon , the district was finally called Fabrică in Romanian in the interwar period , and it was only after the Second World War that it got its current name of Fabric .

Buildings and monuments

Millennium Church

• Synagogue in the Factory City , ( Sinagoga maură din Fabric ), a synagogue built in the Moorish style in 1899 by Lipót Baumhorn
• Millennium Church , ( Biserica Millennium ), the Roman Catholic church on Piața Romanilor, designed by Ludwig von Ybl , in the southwestern neighborhood of Piața Traian
• Biserica Sfântul Mare Mucenic Gheorghe , the Serbian Orthodox Church of Saint George
• Church of Saint Elias , the Romanian Orthodox Biserica ortodoxă Sfântul Ilie designed by Victor Vlad
• Podul Decebal , the Decebal bridge designed by Győző Mihailich and implemented by Albert Kálmán Körössy
• Baia Publică Neptun , the Neptunbad designed by László Székely
• Farmacia din Fabric , a pharmacy
• Casa cu Mercur , House of Mercury , built in the Art Nouveau style in the early 20th century, with a bronze statue of the Roman god Mercury on the gable of the patterned roof
• Uzina Hidroelectrică , the hydropower plant designed by László Székely
• Obelisk, a pyramid-shaped sculpture made of pink marble with a cross on top, 1753
• The Bell of Freedom ( Clopotul libertății ), monument in honor of the heroes of the 1989 Romanian Revolution
• Fabrica de bere , the Timișoreana brewery

literature

• Dan N. Buruleanu, Florin Medeleț: Timișoara, Povestea Orașelor sale . Editorial Marineasa, Timișoara 2006, ISBN 973-631-289-5 .

Web links

Commons : Fabric  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• primariatm.ro , Monitorul Primăriei Timișoara: Timișoara în anul 1911 - Fabric , in Romanian

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Factory City (II. District of Timişoara) on banaterra.eu, accessed on June 11, 2016 ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
2. ^ Anton Peter Petri : Biographisches Lexikon des Banater Deutschtums , Marquartstein, 1992, ISBN 3-922046-76-2
3. ↑ Hans Gehl : German urban languages ​​in provincial cities of Southeast Europe (magazine for dialectology and linguistics / supplements; vol. 95). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-515-07171-7 , p. 136.
4. ↑ Hans Gehl: Timisoara and its old street names on banaterra.eu, accessed on June 11, 2016 ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
5. ↑ City map from 1806
6. ^ The urban geography of Timisoara

Coordinates: 45 ° 45 '  N , 21 ° 14'  E