Ferry de Clugny

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Ferry de Clugny

Ferry de Clugny (* around 1430 in Autun ; † October 7, 1483 in Rome ), Cardinal and Bishop of Tournai was a high-ranking statesman and clergyman in the service of the Dukes of Burgundy .

He was born in Autun , Burgundy, in a prestigious home that gave birth to the Marquises of Montlyon and Raigny. He was the eldest son of Henri de Clugny, Seigneur of Conforgien and Joursenvault, a councilor of Jean sans Peur , Duke of Burgundy, and his wife Pierrette Coullot. At the University of Bologna obtained a doctorate " utroque iure " (doctor of both rights) in both civil (Roman) and canon law .

City councilor and statesman in Burgundy

As a young man he was a member of the Grand Council of Philip III. , the ruling Duke of Burgundy and Maître des requêts at the ducal court. Instead, at the request of the Duke to assist in the writing of the customary law of Burgundy as a representative of the clergy, he was sent several times as ambassador, in particular to Pope Callixtus III. (1456 with Geoffroy de Thoisy, Seigneur de Mimeure) and with Duke von Cleves , to the Council of Mantua (1459) , which was led by Pope Pius II . was convened to plan a war against the Turks. Clugny received from Pius the confirmation of the Treaty of Arras (1435) and the treaties of Pope Eugene IV and his successors. Duke Philip promised him the first of the two dioceses Autun or Mâcon , which were to become free. He became lieutenant of the Chancellor of Burgundy in the Diocese of Autun on December 2, 1459 and was appointed Apostolic Protonotary .

He was one of three Burgundian ambassadors who in January 1465 in Melun to Louis XI. were sent from France. After Philip's death, he was commissioned by the new Duke of Burgundy, Charles the Bold , to renegotiate the Peace of Péronne (1468) with Louis in Noyon, and in 1473 to negotiate the Treaty of Senlis . He headed the Grand Council of the Duke from May 29, 1473 and was appointed Chancellor of the Order of the Golden Fleece on the following September 15 .

With the death of Charles the Bold on January 5, 1477, Maximilian received the huge Burgundian inheritance through his wife's right of inheritance. When power was handed over to the Habsburgs, Ferry de Clugny was confirmed in his offices, including as Chancellor of the Golden Fleece (December 10, 1477), where he was the new sovereign of the order. and as a council member.

Abbots in commendam

Like all great prelates of the time, he held several abbots in commendam who supported him in his official functions in a manner appropriate to his rank. These beneficiaries were not always easy for him: although he was elected Bishop of Cavaillon by the cathedral chapter in 1467 , the election was never confirmed, and in 1468 he did not succeed in being appointed dean by the chapter of Amiens. Later he was provost of the collegiate church of Saint-Barthélemy de Béthune, canon of the cathedral chapter of Cambrai and archdeacon of the Ardennes in Liège.

Patronage

Annunciation on behalf of Ferry de Clugny, 1465–75, Rogier van der Weyden workshop , probably by Hans Memling

Its patronage must be assessed by a handful of survivors. On November 7th, 1465 he received permission from the cathedral chapter of Autun, where he was a canon, to build a chapel which would become his grave; it is called the Chapelle Dorée because of the abundance of its gilding . To paint the walls, he commissioned Pierre Spicre to depict figures of four Old Testament patriarchs, the four evangelists and four doctors of the church. In the proclamation, the Rogier van der Weyden , or one of his students, Hans Memling is attributed, is now in the Metropolitan Museum of Art . On the carpet and in the stained glass above the head of the Virgin is Ferry de Clugny's coat of arms; this picture must also have been commissioned by him. In Bruges he commissioned the illuminators Loyset Liédet and Liévin van Latham with a richly illustrated pontifical with 95 miniatures and Rinceau borders .

He had a series of at least ten Franco-Flemish tapestries made by well-known women, which under many coats of arms also depict his and the cardinal's hat; eight fragmentary remains that survived the fire at Château de Thénisset in 1791 are now in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston .

Bishop of Tournai

Between 1410 and 1483, four presidents of the Grand Council of Burgundy became successively Bishops of Tournai : Jehan de Thoisy, Jehan Chevrot, Guillaume Fillastre and Ferry de Clugny. After the death of Fillastre Clugny was on October 8, 1473 with the consent of Louis XI. elected, this was the right of the king; he assumed this position the following March 22nd and owned the diocese until his death. In January 1484 he baptized Marguerite , daughter of Archduke Maximilian , later Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and Mary of Burgundy, in Brussels .

To Rome

Clugny was founded by Pope Paul II . secretly appointed cardinal in May or June 1471; the appointment was not published because of the unexpected death of the Pope. In his absence he was publicly appointed cardinal priest in the consistory of May 15, 1480. He and his household, which included the composer Marbrianus de Orto , arrived in Rome on June 3, 1482 from Flanders. On June 10th he was received by the Pope, who gave him the red cardinal's hat. On October 7, 1483 he died suddenly of a stroke; the next day he was buried in the church of Santa Maria del Popolo , far from the Clugny chapel that he had prepared in Autun.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Salvador Miranda
  2. ^ Metropolitan Museum of art: on-line catalog . Retrieved January 12, 2019.
  3. ^ Jacques Bacri: Two Portraits by Pierre Spicre . tape 9 , no. 4 . Parnassus April 1937, p. 24-28 (p. 27: The 18th century plaster covering the murals has recently been removed, allowing the attribution to Spicre, who decorated a chapel for Clugny's friend, Cardinal Jean Rolin, in Beaune ).
  4. ↑ Autour de Messeigneurs de Clugny. ( Memento of May 31, 2007 in the Internet Archive ).
  5. ^ Susie Nash: A Fifteenth-Century French Manuscript and an Unknown Painting by Robert Campin . In: The Burlington Magazine . tape 137 , no. 1108 , July 1995, p. 428–437 (p. 436: The Metropolitan Museum website attributes the picture to the "workshop of Rogier van der Weyden (possibly Hans Memling )").
  6. ^ A. De Schryver , M. Dynkmans and J. Ruysschaert (Eds.): Sold, Sotheby Parke Bernet , New York, July 13, 1977; facsimile Le Pontifical du Cardinal Ferry de Clugny, évêque de Tournai . Vatican 1989.
  7. ^ Viscount L. de Varax: Les tapisseries du Cardinal de Clugny . In: The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs . tape 53 , no. 308 . Lyon 1926, p. 265 f . noted in Ella S. Siple: A New Wing for the Boston Museum . In: Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts . No. November 27 , 1928, p. 1-10, figs .

literature

  • Pycke, J .: De Louis de la Trémoille à Ferry de Clugny: cinq évéques tournaisiens au service des ducs de Bourgogne (1388-1483) . In: Les Grands siècles de Tournai . 1989, p. 209-238 .
  • José Ruysschaert: La bibliothèque de Ferry de Clugny, évêque de Tournai (1473-1483). Un siècle de recherches érudites. In: Mémoires de la Société Historique et Archéologique de Tournai . No. 6 , 1993, pp. 209-238 .

Web links

Commons : Ferry de Clugny  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
predecessor Office successor
Guillaume Fillastre the Younger Bishop of Tournai
1474–1483 		Tournai Schism
personal data
SURNAME Clugny, Ferry de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Statesman and clergyman
DATE OF BIRTH around 1430
PLACE OF BIRTH Autun
DATE OF DEATH October 7, 1483
Place of death Rome