Fidel Hollinger

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CDV Fidelius Hollinger around 1870 at FX Herzog Lörrach.

Fidel Hollinger (born February 2, 1818 in Waldshut ; † August 4, 1889 Diedenhofen ) was a German printer and publisher of the Vormärz , the March Revolution of 1848/1849 in Baden and the emigrant scene in London in the 1850s.

Life

Origin and family

Fidel Hollinger was born in Waldshut in 1818 as the son of an impoverished writer. The hospital fund of the city of Waldhut made it possible for him and his brother Konrad to become a printer in Constance in 1832 . Fidel Hollinger married a daughter of the mayor of Rheinfelden AG , Josef Anton Bröchin , in the mid-1840s . Their son and successor in publishing house Gustave Hollinger was born on January 10, 1865 in Rheinfelden AG. A report in The Lancet of 25 August 1860, according to which three girls in a family died of scarlet fever within three days at this address at this address, speaks for a tragedy in the Hollingers house in London at 3 Litchfiled Street in Soho .

Pre-march

After a request was submitted in March 1841, the Hollinger brothers opened a publishing house in the Swiss municipality of Jüppen . The political magazine “Rheinbote”, published by them to circumvent the Baden censorship in Switzerland, represented radical democratic positions and was aimed at a Baden readership. At the beginning of July 1841, Fidel and Konrad Hollinger moved to Großlaufenburg . Your newspaper “Wächter am Rhein” was now aimed at readers from both Baden and Aargau.

In 1842, Fidel Hollinger wrote two political essays with the title “German letters from an unstudied (sic)”, which appeared in the Rheinbote on March 11th and 15th. Because of these pamphlets, a case against Fidel Hollinger and his editor, the Swiss veterinarian Carl Moritz Dietschi, was opened in Freiburg . On April 30, 1843, Fidel Hollinger was arrested on the Rhine bridge in Kleinlaufenburg and then sentenced in Freiburg by the court court of the Upper Rhine District to a 6-month prison term for various press offenses, sedition and libel.

Hollinger was involved in the printing in Switzerland, as well as in the smuggling of the older models plagiarizing scandalous story "Kaspar Hauser, heir to the throne of Baden", which was written by the political adventurer and temporary sympathizer of early communist movements Sebastian Seiler . The pamphlet was published three times between 1840 and 1847 and had put a considerable strain on relations between Baden and Switzerland.

Baden Revolution

After his release from prison, Hollinger moved to his future father-in-law, Mayor Bröchin, in Rheinfelden , where he continued his journalistic activities from September 1844 with the publication of the “Volks-Zeitung”. The political changes in Baden after the battle on the Scheideck on April 20, 1848 radicalized the paper, which was renamed "Volksfreund" in May 1848. The Baden revolutionary and politician Friedrich Hecker , who emigrated to neighboring Muttenz , was co-editor for a few weeks. On April 24, 1848, Fidel Hollinger and his companions raided the rectory in Warmbach , as the pastor there was holding back fifty rifles. In September 1848, Fidel Hollinger took an active part in the “ Struve Putsch ”. He was the head of a small department that attacked the main customs office in Rheinfelden and the chief inspector Schilling on the night of September 22nd to 23rd. With Gustav Struve's written consent , Fidel Hollinger withheld 400 guilders from the customs office as "newspaper money" for previously confiscated editions of his newspapers. The publishing and revolutionary offensive was followed on October 5, 1848 by expulsion from the canton of Aargau and arrest in Baden. Fidel Hollinger, interned in the Rastatt fortress , was sentenced to a total sentence of 168 years, which he escaped as a result of the third uprising of the Baden Revolution .

emigration

Hollinger, a secretary with the rank of lieutenant in the service of the Baden revolutionary government, managed to escape to Hagenau in Alsace, where he published the "Hagenauer Zeitung" in 1850 after the uprising was put down in July 1849, disguised as a reaper . Due to the anti-Napoleonic attitude of the paper, he was temporarily interned by the French authorities in 1850 and deported to Le Havre . There Hollinger decided to emigrate to London , where he made his way as a language teacher, found a job as a printer at the "Morning Chronicle" and continued to be politically active. Karl Blind , Amand Goegg and Franz Sigel were among his close friends and companions . As Fidelio Hollinger, he had opened a print shop at 3 Litchfield Street in Soho . On behalf of the German Workers' Education Association , from May 7th to August 26th, 1859, he printed the weekly newspaper "Das Volk", which had been received after 16 issues and in which Karl Marx unofficially collaborated from the second issue . There was no economic success. Contrary to the efforts of Marx, too few subscribers came together. At the end of September 1859, Hollinger sued Marx for payment of the outstanding amounts. In a letter to Friedrich Engels, Marx described Hollinger as a “bastard” because Hollinger had declared Marx to be the “owner” of the people. In November 1859 there was another dispute about an anonymous leaflet printed by Hollinger by his old companion Karl Blind with the title "To the warning". Karl Marx accused Hollinger in his work, Mr. Vogt , of having made a false affidavit because of the leaflet “As a warning”.

In addition to printing the newspaper Das Volk , in 1859 he published the first English edition of Pushkin's captain's daughter and a brochure on Schiller by Karl Blind. No other publications by Hollinger in London are known.

Returned to Germany

The general amnesty issued by the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1863 for the participants in the revolutionary events of 1848/49 enabled Fidel Hollinger to return to Baden in 1866 after spending 16 years in London. In Lörrach he opened the publishing house F. Hollinger and published regional literature as well as, from September 1867, the liberal and moderate newspaper "The Voice of the Wiesental".

New start in Lorraine

The occupation of Alsace-Lorraine after the war from 1870 to 1871 took Fidelius Hollinger for a fresh start and moved to an offer of the local district administrator of Thionville on where he from 1872 until his death on August 4, 1889, the bilingual weekly liberal-minded " Diedenhofer Kreisblatt (Moselle and Niedzeitung) "and published regional publications. The son of the Nestor of the "Press of the Reichsland" (according to the obituary in the Athenaeum of 1889), Gustave Hollinger, continued to run the newspaper, which until his expulsion from Lorraine in 1919 had a print run of 3000 copies.

Hollinger's publications

  • The Rheinbote , from 1841 in Full-Jüppen.
  • The watchman on the Rhine from 1842 to 1843 in Großlaufenburg.
  • F. Hollinger: German letters from an undergraduate . Großlaufenburg 1842.
  • Former Bailiff Andres and the Badische Volkskammer in 1842. A Black Forest pub scene. Specially reprinted from a magazine . Hollinger'schen Offizin, Laufenburg 1842. Digitized
  • The Volks-Zeitung , from 1844 in Rheinfelden AG
  • The popular friend. Edited by Dr. Hecker and other recognized and proven folk men . F. Hollinger, Rheinfelden, 1848/49.
  • Karl Heinzen : France's "Brotherly Union with Germany" . F. Hollinger, Rheinfelden 1848 digitized
  • Hagenauer Zeitung . Haguenau / Alsace 1850.
  • The people . F. Hollinger, London 1859.
  • Karl Blind: Schiller. A scetch of his career and works . F. Hollinger, London 1859.
  • Alexander Pushkin: The Captain's daughter , translation from Russian by JF Hanstein, F. Hollinger, London 1859 digitized
  • The voice from Wiesenthal . Loerrach 1867 to 1871.
  • The Baden Markgräflerland with special consideration for the Chronicle of Kandern from the oldest times to 1850 and largely handwritten sources described by Karl Mehrer . F. Hollinger, Loerrach 1871.
  • Diedenhofer Bote - Courrier de Thionville, from 1879 Diedenhofer Kreisblatt (Moselle and Niedzeitung) , 1872 to 1889 in Diedenhofen / Lothringen.
  • Wildermann: Results of the meteorological observations made at Diedenhofen from June 1, 1873 to July 1, 1875, compared with those of Metz and Trier . F. Hollinger, Diedenhofen 1875.
  • Eduard Mertens: Hesiodic Studies . F. Hollinger, Diedenhofen 1885.
  • Karl Meinhold : Animadversiones in Justiniani Institutiones . F. Hollinger, Diedenhofen 1887.
  • Twelfth annual report on the Progymnasium zu Diederhofen in the school year 1882-83 . Printed by F. Hollinger'schen Buchdruckerei, Diedenhofen 1883.
  • Wilhelm Kahl: Democrit in Cicero's philosophical writings . F. Hollinger, Diedenhofen 1889. Digitized

literature

  • Andrea Weibel: Hollinger, Fidel. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
  • Weiss, A .: Waldshut and its citizens from the transition to Baden to the revolution of 1848/49 in: Geschichte der Stadt Waldshut, Kunstverlag Fink, Lindenberg, Volume 2, p. 39f.
  • Keller, H.-G., Näf, W .: The political publishing houses and printing houses in Switzerland 1840-1848 , Topos Verlag, p. 111ff.
  • Raab, H., Revolutionaries in Baden 1848/49 , biographical inventory for the sources in the Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe and in the Staatsarchiv Freiburg, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1998, p. 414
  • (sn): Frontier problems. In: Contributions to Aargauergeschichte, Volume 9, 1998, pp. 405–419
  • François Roth: Le temps des journaux: presse et cultures nationales en Lorraine mosellane 1860-1940, Éditions Serpenoise, 1983, p. 18

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Andreas Weiss: Waldshut and its citizens from the transition to Baden to the revolution of 1848/49 in: Geschichte der Stadt Waldshut, Kunstverlag Fink, Lindenberg, Volume 2, p. 39
  2. ↑ Alexander Waldow: Archive for Book Printing and Related Business Branches, Volume 26., 1889, p. 340
  3. ↑ The Lancet, Medical News, August 25, 1860, p. 203. [1]
  4. ↑ H.-G. Keller, W. Näf: The political publishing houses and printing houses in Switzerland 1840-1848 , Topos Verlag, p. 112
  5. ↑ Swiss Gutenberg Museum: Musée Gutenberg suisse, Volume 40, p. 57.
  6. ↑ Yearbooks of the Grand Ducal Upper Court of Baden, Volume 8, p. 146
  7. ↑ Swiss Gutenberg Museum: Musée Gutenberg suisse, Volume 40, p. 59.
  8. ↑ H.-G. Keller, W. Näf: The political publishing houses and printing works in Switzerland 1840-1848 , Topos Verlag, p. 114
  9. ^ Heinrich Raab: Revolutionaries in Baden 1848/49: biographical inventory for the sources in the Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe and the Staatsarchiv Freiburg, W. Kohlhammer, 1998, p. 414 Antje Gerlach: Deutsche Literatur im Schweizer Exil , Frankfurt am Main, 1975, p. 255-259
  10. ↑ Allgemeine Police-Anzeiger, Eberhardt, Coburg 1850, Volume 31, N ° 17699 on p. 85.
  11. ↑ Legal proceedings against Gustav Struve and Karl Blind before the… of Gustav Struve before the jury court in Freiburg, started on March 20th . Wangler, Freiburg, 1849, p. 11 and p. 20.
  12. ↑ Journal for the History of the Upper Rhine, Volume 136, p. 391.
  13. ^ Hollinger's obituary in the "Schweizer Boten aus dem Frickthal" of August 10, 1889
  14. ↑ "Filedio Hollinger, [...] recommends his well-established book printer for the production of printing work of all kinds, as complete works, pamphlets, ciculars, notice notes, invoice forms, business and visiting cards, etc. in English, German and French, assuring the cheapest Prices, and correct and elegant execution ”. (Advertisements in almost every issue of the newspaper Das Volk . Each p. 4.)
  15. ^ Karl Marx to Friedrich Engels September 27, 1859. (Marx-Engels-Werke. Volume 29, p. 486).
  16. ^ Karl Marx to Friedrich Engels October 5, 1859. (Marx-Engels-Werke. Volume 29, p. 490).
  17. ^ Mr Vogt , London 1860, p. 65 ff.
  18. ↑ The Athenaeum: a journal of literature, science, the fine arts, music, and the drama, J. Francis, 1889, p. 260 [2]
  19. ↑ Freiburg State Archives: Performance and request for reimbursement of the deposit for the newspaper "The Voice of Wiesental" (sample number September 17, 1867) by its editor and publisher, the printer Fidel Hollinger von Waldshut, now Lörrach, Findbuch B 719/1 No. 1588
  20. ↑ Alexander Waldow: Archive for Book Printing and Related Business Branches, Volume 26., 1889, p. 340
  21. ^ François Roth: Le temps des journaux: presse et cultures nationales en Lorraine mosellane 1860-1940, Éditions Serpenoise, 1983, p. 84
  22. ↑ The people. London weekly newspaper. May 7 - August 20, 1859 . Unchanged reprint with an introduction and a bibliography of the publications by Marx and Engels in the 'People' by Richard Sperl. Central antiquariat of the GDR, Leipzig 1972.
personal data
SURNAME Hollinger, Fidel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hollinger, Fidelio; Hollinger, Fidelius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German printer and participant in the revolution of 1848/49
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldshut
DATE OF DEATH 4th August 1889
Place of death Diedenhofen