Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbuchin

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Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbuchin

Fyodor Tolbukhin ( Russian Фёдор Иванович Толбухин , scientific. Transliteration Fedor Ivanovich Tolbukhin * June 4 . Jul / 16th June  1894 greg. In Androniki , government Yaroslavl , Russian Empire , now Oblast and Raion Yaroslavl, Russia ; †  October 17 1949 in Moscow ) was a Soviet military leader and since 1944 Marshal of the Soviet Union .

Life

Marshal Tolbuchin inspects the units of the 1st Bulgarian Army , autumn 1944
Marshal Tolbuchin at the military parade, 1949

Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbuchin was the son of a farmer. After serving as an officer in the tsarist army and, most recently, battalion commander , he joined the Red Army in 1918 . During the civil war he was chief of staff of a division . In 1941 he was chief of staff of the Odessa military district .

During the Second World War he was chief of staff in the 9th Army in 1941 and, from August 1941, on the Transcaucasus Front . After the division of the front, he was chief of staff of the Crimean Front and then commander of the Soviet 57th Army in the Battle of Stalingrad , from August 1943 to May 1944 he was commander of the southern front , in the October 20, 1943 4th Ukrainian Front renamed and thus involved in the liberation of Crimea .

From May 1944 to June 1945 Tolbuchin was Commander-in-Chief of the 3rd Ukrainian Front , with which he decisively weakened Army Group South in Operation Jassy-Kishinev in Bessarabia (now Moldova ) and then, after the liberation of Bulgaria, advanced to Yugoslavia and Belgrade with the Belgrade operation freed. This was followed by parts of Hungary and Austria (liberation of Vienna by April 13, 1945). On May 8, 1945, he met US troops in Erlauf in Lower Austria .

After the end of the Second World War from July 1945 to January 1947 Marshal Tolbuchin became Commander-in-Chief of the Southern Group of the Soviet Army in the territory of Romania and Bulgaria . From January 1947 he became the commander of the Transcaucasian Military District and a member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR .

After Tolbuchin's death, his urn was buried on the Kremlin wall in Moscow.

Honors

Order of Hero of the Soviet Union

Tolbuchin is an honorary citizen of Sofia (1946) and Belgrade (1947) and was posthumously named Hero of the Soviet Union on May 7, 1965 . He also received numerous Soviet awards: twice the Order of Lenin , the Order of Victory , three times the Order of the Red Banner , twice the Order of Suvorov , 1st class, the Order of Kutuzov, 1st class, and the Order of the Red Star . The city of Dobrich in Bulgaria was named after him until 1990.

In Vienna , which had been liberated by the Red Army in 1945, Laxenburger Strasse , an arterial road in the south of the city, was then named Tolbuchinstrasse until 1956 .

On June 5, 1974 - on the occasion of his 80th birthday - the Soviet Post issued a special stamp.

Monuments

museum

In 1975 in the village of Androniki where Marshal Tolbuchin was born, his museum was opened. The museum was later moved to the Tolbuchino village, where the museum is still located today.

literature

  • П. Г. Кузнецов: Маршал Толбухин (1894–1949) . Moscow 1966.
  • Fjodor Iwanowitsch Tolbukin , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 44/1949 of October 24, 1949, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)

Web links

Commons : Fyodor Ivanovich Tolbuchin  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Tolbuchin, Fyodor Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Толбухин, Фёдор Иванович (Russian); Tolbuchin, Fëdor Ivanovič
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet officer; Marshal of the Soviet Union
DATE OF BIRTH June 16, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Androniki , Yaroslavl Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH October 17, 1949
Place of death Moscow