Flag of iran

Flag of iran
Vexillological symbol :	?
Aspect ratio:	4: 7
Officially accepted:	July 29, 1980

The flag of Iran in its current form has been valid since July 29, 1980 and reflects the changes that Iran has undergone since the Islamic Revolution .

description

Iranian flag in a mountain village

The flag consists of three horizontal stripes of equal size: green at the top, white in the middle and red at the bottom. Green symbolizes Islam , white symbolizes peace and friendship and red symbolizes courage and blood shed in war. The colors have a long tradition in Persia that can be traced back to at least the 18th century. They can be found for the first time as a tricolor on the national flag from 1906.

In the center is the emblem of Iran ; its diameter corresponds to one seventh the length of the flag. In addition, the green and red stripes were added by 22 (2 × 11) Kufic lettering from " Allāhu Akbar " (الله أَكْبَر, German: "God is greatest") added. This is a reference to the beginning of the Islamic Revolution on the 22nd day of the eleventh month in the Iranian calendar (February 11, 1979).

history

The Persians already used flags as symbols in ancient times . According to Herodotus , Cyrus II used a golden eagle with outstretched wings on a white background.

A small metal flag dating from 3000 BC was found in Khabis , the ancient capital of Eastern Iran. BC, which would make it the oldest flag in the world. Among the symbols etched on the flag were the lion and the sun, which have appeared repeatedly throughout Iranian history . Examples of common use can also be found in the 13th century, the first known flag made of fabric with a lion and sun dates from the 15th century.

Tahmasp I , who was Shah of Persia from 1524 to 1576, used a sheep with the rising sun on a green background instead of the usual lion, because he was born in the month of Farwardin , the symbol of which is the constellation of Aries . After his reign they switched back to the lion. In the 18th century a sword was added to the lion. It can be found on the flag of Aga Mohammed Khan , the first regent of the Qajars who ruled Persia between 1794 and 1925. In the 19th century, the lion and the sun were found on a white background framed by red and green edges.

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  ^? Flag of theKhorezm Shahs (992–1220),
  since 2007 also a second flag to express mourning

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  ^? Flag under Shah Ismail I (1502–1524)

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  ^? Flag of Tahmasp I (1524–1576)

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  ^? Flag of the Safavids (1576-1665)

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  ^? Flag of the Safavids (1665-1722)

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  ^? Royal flag of Nadir Shah (1736–1747)

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  ^? Imperial flag of the Afsharids (1736–1796)

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  ^? State flag of the Afsharids (1737–1796)

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  ^? Flag of the Zand princes (1750–1794)

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  ^? Flag of Aga Mohammad Khan (1797)

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  ^? Flag of Fath Ali Shah (1797-1848)

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  ^? Flag of Amir Kabir (1848–1907)

The green-white-red tricolor was officially adopted on August 5, 1906 with an aspect ratio of 1: 3. Some sources describe their coloring as pale, but this is not certain. The color scheme is certain from 1925 onwards. This was converted to a ratio of 4: 7 in 1964. The state flags and from 1910 also the war flags also showed a lion with a sword and a rising sun. With the Islamic Revolution , the lion was replaced by the current emblem .

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  ~ 1: 3 ^? Civil and merchant flags (1906–1925)
  

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  ~ 1: 3 ^? State flag (1906–1925)
  

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  ~ 1: 3 ^? Civil and commercial flags (1925–1964)
  

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  ~ 1: 3 ^? State flag (1925–1964)

The old flag at an event in Brussels (2007)

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  4: 7 ^? Civil and Commercial Flag (1964–1979)
  

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  4: 7 ^? State flag (1964–1979)

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  4: 7 ^? War flag on land and at sea (1964–1979)
  

Regulations

According to a government ordinance of July 18, 2007, the national flag of Iran cannot be raised at half mast , as this would be disrespect for the word "Allah" on the flag. The same applies to the flag of Saudi Arabia and the flag of Somaliland . If available, a black flag should be placed on a second mast as a sign of mourning.

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Main sources

• Flags of the World - Iran (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ GHPreble: The symbol, standards, flags, and banners of Ancient and Modern Nations .
2. ^ ^{A b} Smith / Neubecker: Coats of arms and flags of all nations , Munich 1981, ISBN 3-87045-183-1

Web links

Commons : Flags of Iran  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Flags of Persia / Iran ( Memento from June 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
• Farhangsara Flag and National Anthem
• Flag of iran . In: Ehsan Yarshater (Ed.): Encyclopædia Iranica (English, including references)