Fritz Brüggemann

This article deals with the literary scholar Fritz Brüggemann. For other people see Friedrich Brüggemann .

Adolf Friedrich (Fritz) Brüggemann (born December 18, 1876 in Aachen , † August 5, 1945 in Wiesbaden ) was a German literary historian and Germanist .

Life

Fritz Brüggemann was the son of the long-standing general director of the Aachen and Munich fire insurance company Adolf Brüggemann and Betty Hermsen and the great-nephew of the insurance company Friedrich Adolph Brüggemann .

education

Fritz Brüggemann first attended the Godesberg pedagogy and completed an apprenticeship in Hamburg after graduating from secondary school . At the same time he prepared himself for the Abitur exam, which he took at the Kgl in 1899. Graduated from grammar school Philippinum Weilburg an der Lahn. Brüggemann then began to study philology and law at the University of Bonn , but one year later he switched to philosophy , which he studied in Berlin, Munich and finally from 1903 at the University of Leipzig with Albert Köster , Karl Lamprecht and Wilhelm Wundt . Here he passed his final examinations and became in 1909 a doctorate . His dissertation was entitled "The Irony in Tiecks William Lovell and His Precursors - A Contribution to the Prehistory of German Romanticism".

While still studying in Leipzig, Brüggemann took on temporary assignments as a dramaturge and director at the Herzoglicher Hoftheater Meiningen , the Königlichen Hoftheater Stuttgart and the Schauspielhaus Leipzig . Finally, after completing his doctorate, he moved to his hometown, where he worked until 1914 both as an assistant at RWTH Aachen University and as a private assistant for the historian Justus Hashagen in Bonn .

Use in the First World War

During the following World War I , Brüggemann did his military service as a sergeant in the Hussar Regiment "King Wilhelm I" (1st Rheinisches) No. 7 Bonn and in the field artillery regiment "Großherzog" (1st Baden) No. 14 in Karlsruhe . He was awarded the Iron Cross , the War Honor Cross from the Association of German World War participants and the Austrian and Hungarian World War II commemorative medals .

Professor in Kiel

After the war , Brüggemann completed his habilitation in 1918 at RWTH Aachen University with the habilitation thesis " Der Schembartläufer von Nürnberg " and was initially taken on as a private lecturer for literature and cultural history and in 1923 was appointed associate professor. Five years later he applied for his rehabilitation at the Christian Albrechts University in Kiel . There he was given an extraordinary, non-civil servant chair for modern German literary history with a focus on the fields of the history of the 16th and 17th centuries, Sturm und Drang and Jean Paul . In addition, Brüggemann researched aspects of social-psychological and cultural-historical literary history, in particular the literature of the Enlightenment . For this purpose he wrote numerous historical publications and family stories.

Brüggemann has been a member of various parties since his time in Aachen, but mostly with the aim of underpinning his professional career and change requests. In 1919 he was one of the founders of the German Democratic Party (DDP) in the Bonn region, but left the party again when he moved to Kiel. In 1932 he became a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in order - according to his own statements - to support a planned change as director at the Kiel Theater . But after this change was rejected, a year later he joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) as well as the SA Reserve II , the National Socialist German Lecturer Association (NSDDB) and the Kyffhäuserbund and became a supporting member of the SS .

In March 1933 a conflict broke out between Brüggemann and his colleague Wolfgang Liepe , who also taught at the Germanic seminar in Kiel. Brüggemann accused Liepe of being a " racial defender " because he was married to a Jew; the students would be absent from Liepe's classes for racial and national reasons. Brüggemann denounced two other colleagues, the linguist Carl Wesel and the classical philologist Richard Harder . Historians suspect that Brüggemann wanted to increase his chances of becoming a full professor, which he was unable to do in 12 years of teaching in Kiel.

However, his plan failed when the Reich Ministry of Science, Education and National Education denied him an appointment as a full professor. In addition, on September 16, 1935, his teaching license was withdrawn under Section 18 of the Reich Habilitation Regulations. A subsequent lawsuit before the district labor court in Kiel against this suspension had only limited success: Brüggemann was acquitted and payment of his salary was resumed, but he was no longer given his teaching license. Before that, in 1934, he had been expelled from the NSDAP and the Kampfbund für deutsche Kultur .

From then on Brüggemann only worked as a private scholar and author. A petition from Brüggemann in 1937 was also rejected by the Führer adjutantur on the grounds that, after reviewing the facts, the reasons for the revocation of the teaching permit had been confirmed and that he was not suitable as a university teacher and youth educator for reasons of character. In the justification, reference was again made to joining the SPD in order to gain the position of artistic director and an investigation into attempted financial extortion that was suspended due to an amnesty law. Nevertheless, in the same year he was retroactively approved as a member of the Reichsschrifttumskammer from 1934 . In addition, he was a member of the Association of German Stage Writers . Brüggemann spent his last years in Berlin from 1942 and died a few months after the end of the war on August 5, 1945 in Wiesbaden. Posthumously, a large part of his works were reprinted as unmodified reprographic reprints by the scientific book society in Darmstadt.

Works (selection)

• Utopia and Robinsonade : Investigation into Schnabel's island rock castle  ; (1731–1743) , Berlin, 1903, Reprografie Gerstenberg, Hildesheim, 1978, ISBN 3-8067-0636-0 .
• The irony in Tiecks William Lovell and his predecessors: A Contribution to the Prehistory of German Romanticism , Dissertation, Jena, 1909; Unchanged reprographic reprint Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1976, ISBN 3-534-06413-5 .
• The Rhenish Republic a contribution to the history and criticism of the Rhenish apostasy movement during the armistice in 1918/19 , Cohen, Bonn, 1919.
• From the early days of the German Enlightenment: Christian Thomasius and Christian Weise ; H. Böhlaus descendants, Weimar 1928; Unchanged reprographic reprint Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1972, ISBN 3-534-02914-3 .
• The worldview of the German Enlightenment: Philosophical foundations and literary impact: Leibniz , Wolff , Gottsched , Brockes , Haller ; Reclam, Leipzig, 1930.
• Harbingers of bourgeois culture Johann Gottfried Schnabel and Albrecht von Haller ; Reclam, Leipzig, 1931.
• The beginnings of the bourgeois tragedy in the fifties ; Leipzig, 1934; Unchanged reprographic reprint Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1976, ISBN 3-534-02920-8 .
• The Seven Years' War as reflected in contemporary literature ; Reclam, Leipzig, 1935.
• The dawn of the culture of feeling in the fifties ; Ph. Reclam, Leipzig, 1935.
• Gottsched's life and art reform in the twenties and thirties: Gottsched , Breitinger , the Gottschedin , the Neuberin ; Reclam, Leipzig 1935.
• The inclusion of Shakespeare on the Enlightenment stage in the sixties and seventies ; Reclam, Leipzig, 1937.
• Bänkelgesang and Singspiel before Goethe ; Reclam, Leipzig, 1937.
• The drama of opposition in the sixties: tragedy ; Reclam, Leipzig 1938.
• The life and opinions of Herr Magister Sebaldus Nothanker ; Reclam, Leipzig 1938.
• Sophien's journey from Memel to Saxony: selected parts from the first edition from 1770–72, / Johann Timotheus Hermes ; Leipzig, 1941; Unchanged reprographic reprint Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1976, ISBN 3-534-02925-9 .

literature

• Christoph König (Ed.), With the collaboration of Birgit Wägenbaur u. a .: Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950 . Volume 1: A-G. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015485-4 , pp. 280-281.
• Uhlig, Ralph: Expelled scientists from the Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU) after 1933. On the history of the CAU under National Socialism . A documentation (Kieler Werkstücke. Series A: Contributions to Schleswig-Holstein and Scandinavian history, 2). Frankfurt am Main et al. 1991.

Web links

• Literature by and about Fritz Brüggemann in the catalog of the German National Library
• Short biography in the archive of the University of Kiel

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Professor Dr. Fritz Brüggemann. uni-kiel.de , accessed on July 7, 2013 .