Val Badia
The Gadertal ( Ladin and Italian : Val Badia ) is located in South Tyrol ( Italy ) and its name refers to the river Gader (Ladin: Gran Ega , "the great water"), which drains the valley. The Gadertal runs through the northern Dolomites in a south-north direction and flows into the Pustertal at St. Lorenzen , where the Gader also flows into the Rienza . The name Abteital , occasionally used as a synonym for Gadertal, actually only refers to the upper valley section south of St. Leonhard ( San Linêrt ). There is also the internationally known Alta Badia ski area (Hochabtei) with the Gran Risa slope . Val Badia is one of the Ladin language area and is accordingly Ladinien counted.
geography
The Gadertal branches off at St. Lorenzen from Pustertal and leads about 35 km south into the Dolomites . South of Stern ( La Ila ) is the wide Pralongià plateau , which divides the Val Badia into a south-east and a south-west arm. The southeastern arm leads via St. Kassian ( San Ćiascian ) to the Valparola Pass ( Ju de Valparola ), which is why it is also called Kassiantal or St. Kassian Valley . The south-western arm branches off again at Corvara, the end of the valley is formed by the Gardena Pass ( Ju de Frara ) at the western end and the Campolongo Pass ( Ju de Ćiaulunch ) in the south-west .
The most important side valleys on the orographic left side are the Campilltal ( Val de Lungiarü ) and the Untermoital ( Val d'Antermëia ), on the right side the Wengental ( Val de Spëscia ) the Enneberger Tal ( Val de Mareo ).
Administratively, the Gadertal belongs to the municipalities of St. Lorenzen ( San Laurënz ), Enneberg ( Mareo ), St. Martin in Thurn ( San Martin de Tor ), Wengen ( La Val ), Abtei ( Badia ) and Corvara .
Parts of the south-western valley flanks of the Val Badia are protected in the Puez-Geisler nature park , parts of the south-eastern valley flanks in the Fanes-Sennes-Braies nature park .
history
It is believed that the Gadertal was inhabited by a pre-Roman indigenous population. The Gadertal is known as the Ladin heart. In the villages of the Val Badia, the Ladin way of life and language has remained very much alive, as they were difficult to access for a long time due to their geographical remoteness. The valley name is in the year 1177 in the form "Gader" in a possession confirmation privilege of Pope Alexander III. attested for the Augustinian canons of Neustift near Brixen.
In St. Martin in Thurn in the Gadertal there is the Museum Ladin at Thurn Castle and the Istitut Ladin "Micurà de Rü" in the village . In this museum, according to a theory by Lois Craffonara, the name “Gader” is traced back to the Latin quadra for square . According to this, the Romans had a standardized route plan for rural settlements in the manner of a square, consisting of nine smaller squares. According to Craffonara, you can assign the individual paths or prominent points of St. Martin in Thurn to such a square pattern from a bird's eye view. The name "square" is said to have spread to the whole of Gadertal, hence the name "Gader". However, these assumptions are contradicted in recent research and instead pointed to the Carolingian method of field surveying in the Tyrolean Alpine region, which only led to quadra-like flaring in the early Middle Ages and not in Roman times.
The Gadertalstrasse
The Gadertalstrasse runs through the Gadertal (Italian: Strada statale 244 di Val Badia ). It was built from 1885 and inaugurated on October 4, 1892. Another expansion took place during the First World War by Russian prisoners of war. According to the technology of the time, the bridges over the Gader were kept as short as possible, so that there were often almost right-angled curves before and after the bridges. Non-local bus drivers or long-distance drivers were often not prepared for this, so that there were occasional jams because two larger vehicles could not get past each other.
On June 6, 1993, there was a collision between an Italian coach and a car, which caused the bus to come off the road and fall 30 meters into the gorge. When he fell into the Gader, the roof of the bus was torn off. 18 inmates died, 22 people were seriously injured.
In the meantime, the Gadertalstrasse has been expanded with many tunnels and galleries, and in December 2006 the new route was opened to traffic. With the exception of the highest tunnel, pedestrians and cyclists could bypass the tunnels on the old Gadertal road. These bypasses have now been blocked (as of 08/2014).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Egon Kühebacher : The place names of South Tyrol and their history. The historically evolved names of the valleys, rivers, streams and lakes . Athesia, Bozen 1995, ISBN 88-7014-827-0 , p. 15 .
- ↑ Martin Bitschnau , Hannes Obermair : Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Department: The documents on the history of the Inn, Eisack and Pustertal valleys. Volume 2: 1140-1200 . Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2012, ISBN 978-3-7030-0485-8 , p. 255-257, No. 724 .
- ↑ Irmtraut Heitmeier: " Quadrafluren " in Tyrol - relics from Roman times? In: Gerald Grabherr et al. (Ed.): Vis imaginum. Festschrift for Elisabeth Walde. Universitätsverlag Wagner, Innsbruck 2005. ISBN 3-200-00267-0 , pp. 128-136.
- ↑ Pescosta, Werner: History of the Dolomite Ladins. Istitut Ladin "Micurà de Rü" 2013, ISBN 978-88-8171-105-5
- ^ Page of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, Civil Engineering Department
Coordinates: 46 ° 40 ' N , 11 ° 54' E