Georges d'Armagnac

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Georges d'Armagnac and his secretary Guillaume Philandrier, Titian ( Louvre )

Georges d'Armagnac (* 1501 ; † July 10, 1585 in Avignon ) was a French cleric of the 16th century. He was successively Bishop of Rodez , Archbishop of Tours , Archbishop of Toulouse , and finally Archbishop of Avignon . On December 19, 1544 he was by Pope Paul III. appointed cardinal .

Life

Georges d'Armagnac is a member of the House of Lomagne . It is the illegitimate son of Pierre d'Armagnac with Fleurette de Luppé, who in turn was an illegitimate son of Comte Charles d'Armagnac with Marguerite de Claux. Pierre was in 1502 by King Louis XII. legitimized; he was Count of l'Isle-Jourdain (Gers) .

He was brought up under the supervision of his uncle Cardinal Louis II d'Amboise , Bishop of Albi , for whom he had a mausoleum built in the basilica of the Holy House in Loreto after his death . From 1522 he became the confidante of Marguerite d'Angoulême , the future Queen of Navarre , to whom he remained loyal until her death in 1549 and whose commitment he owes his cardinal's hat. At the French royal court he was a confidante of Connétable Anne de Montmorency . Georges d'Armagnac was Commendatarabb of the abbey of Sainte-Ambroix in Bourges , the abbey in La Roë ( Anjou ), then administrator (1550-1575) and abbot (1579-1582) of the abbey of Sainte-Marie de Lagrasse in Languedoc . He was also Abbot of Conques ( Rouergue , 1556–1564) and Dômerie d'Aubrac (1546–1585).

Georges d'Armagnac was born on April 20, 1527 by Bishop Guillaume Briçonnet in Meaux ordained . From January 19, 1529 to June 27, 1561 he was Bishop of Rodez, leaving the office to his nephew Jacques de Corneillan, who was also administrator of the diocese of Vabres (1536–1547) and of the diocese of Lectoure , envoy of the French king in Venice (1536 –1539), Rome (1540–1545, 1547–1549, 1554–1557 and 1559–1560), Lieutenant General of the King in Navarre and Languedoc (1552, 1557, 1560), Archbishop of Tours (January 13, 1548 to 6 April 1551) Bishop-Administrator of Lescar (1555–1556), Archbishop of Toulouse (August 31, 1562 to October 15, 1584), Legate of the Pope in Avignon (1565–1585, of which up to 1572 together with the Cardinal de Rouen ) and Archbishop of Avignon from January 6, 1577 to June 8, 1585.

As a cardinal he was cardinal priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina (1556–1562), then cardinal deacon of San Nicola in Carcere (1562–1585). He took part in the conclave 1549-1550 , the conclave April 1555 , the conclave May 1555 and the conclave 1559 ; at the conclave of 1565-1565 , 1572 and 1585 he was absent.

With his cousin Blaise de Montesquiou he took part in the last Italian campaigns and the first Huguenot Wars , he managed to keep Avignon and the Comtat Venaissin in the Holy See , while the surrounding regions were devastated by civil war between 1565 and 1585.

Georges d'Armagnac sponsored a number of humanists such as Pierre Gilles , Pierre de Paschal , Guillaume Philandrier and the architect Sebastiano Serlio , the doctor Urbain Hémard and the musicians Guillaume Boni (presumably), Antoine de Bertrand (probably) and Jean Yssandon (certain) , which he gave the kings Franz I , Heinrich II. and Karl IX. presented and hosted in Rome, Rodez, Toulouse and Avignon. The Mémoires de Condé contain two letters from him, one to Margaret of Navarre, in which he protested against the removal of pictures and ornaments, the destruction of the elders and baptismal fonts in the church of Lescar , which she had initiated; the other to Cardinal Louis d'Albret , who had consented to these activities.

Cardinal d'Armagnac issued the Statuts synodaux pour l'évêché de Rodez (Lyon 1556), published new liturgical books in the Diocese of Rodez, but also published in French dialects: l'Instruction dels rictors, vicaris et autres ayants charge d'armas from diocesis de Rodes et de Vabres by Jean Gerson in the language of the Rouergue (Rodez 1556, reprinted by Jean Delmas in 1982), in French Advis et remedes souverains pour se garder de peste en temps suspet (Toulouse 1558), Instruction chrestienne… pour estre baillee a ses diocesains (Toulouse 1562), La forme que fault tenir pour denombrer le temporel de l'Église (Toulouse 1564) etc. Numerous letters have survived from him, currently scattered in various archives, which are in the Documents Inédits de l ' Histoire de France (CTHS) should be published.

The inventory of his library was published in the foreword to the Catalog général des manuscrits des bibliothèques publiques de France , Volume 27: Avignon, ed. by Léon-Honoré Labande (Paris 1894), pp. X-XII., reprinted. The library was given in its entirety to the Metropolitan Chapter in Avignon.

Georges d'Armagnac had an illegitimate daughter named Fleurette, who married Blaise de Villemur, baron de Pailhès in 1565.

literature

  • Philippe Tamizey de Larroque , Lettres inédites du cardinal d'Armagnac , Revue historique 2/2, 1876, pp. 516-565.
  • Dictionnaire d'histoire et de géographie ecclésiastiques, Volume IV, 1930, Columns 263-267 (Charles Samaran).
  • Charles Samaran , Georges d'Armagnac, ambassadeur de François Ier à Venise, peint par Le Titien en compagnie de son secrétaire Guillaume Philandrier , in: Comptes-rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 110th year, no 1, 1966, pp. 38-44.
  • Charles Samaran, Lettres inédites du cardinal Georges d'Armagnac (1555) , Bibliothèque de l'école des chartes, No. 140-1, 1982, pp. 35-60.
  • Nicole Lemaitre, Le Rouergue flamboyant. Le clergé et les fidèles du diocèse de Rodez (1417–1563) , Paris, Éditions du Cerf , 1988.
  • Marc Venard, Réforme protestante, Réforme catholique dans la province d'Avignon , Paris, Éditions du Cerf, 1993.
  • Frédérique Lemerle, Les "Annotations" by Guillaume Philandrier on the "De Architectura" de Vitruve , Paris, Picard, 2000.
  • David Jaffé (Ed.), Titian , catalog, National Gallery Company, London, 2003, pp. 126–127.
  • Frédérique Lemerle, Guillaume Philandrier et la bibliothèque du cardinal Georges d'Armagnac (avec la publication de l'inventaire de la bibliothèque de Georges d'Armagnac), Études Aveyronnaises, 2003, pp. 219-244.
  • Nathalie Dauvois, La familia du cardinal d'Armagnac à Rome: curiosité humaniste et découvertes archéologiques d'après la correspondance de Pierre de Paschal (Epistolae Petri Paschali in italica peregrinatione exaratae, Venise, 1548) , Anabases, No. 5, 2007, p 125-136.
  • Charles Samaran, Nicole Lemaitre (ed.), Correspondance du cardinal Georges d'Armagnac , Volume 1, 1530–1560, Collection des documents inédits sur l'histoire de France, section d'histoire du monde moderne, de la Révolution Française et des Révolutions, Volume 41, Éditions du Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 2007.
  • Matthieu Desachy, De livres en tapisseries: Le cardinal Georges d'Armagnac (1500–1585), collectionneur et mécène , in: Frédérique Lemerle, Yves Pauwells, Gennaro Toscano (eds.), Les cardinaux de la Renaissance et la modernité artistique, Institut de recherches historiques du Septentrion , 2009, pp. 105–121
  • Frédérique Lemerle, Georges d'Armagnac et les arts in: Seizième siècle , 12/2016, pp. 145–153

Remarks

  1. ↑ AD vaucluse: G 103 (Fonds du Chapitre métropolitain).
predecessor Office successor
François d'Estaing Bishop of Rodez
1529–1561 		Jacques de Corneillan
Antoine de Bar Archbishop of Tours
1548–1551 		Étienne Poncher
Robert II. De Lénoncourt Archbishop of Toulouse
1562–1584 		Paul de Foix
Félicien Capitone Archbishop of Avignon
1577–1585 		Domenico Grimaldi
personal data
SURNAME Armagnac, Georges d '
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French cardinal
DATE OF BIRTH 1501
DATE OF DEATH July 10, 1585
Place of death Avignon