Tanneries in Hilden
Between 1820 and 1961 there were eight locations with tanneries and leather factories in Hilden . All these leather factories and tanneries watered their furs and animal skins in Ittersbach and left their Gerberlohe and its lime in these off. In 1900, 263 workers were working in leather factories in Hilden.
Locations in the center of the village (today Markt, Schwanenstrasse, Nové-Město-Platz)
Lorenz Fuchs tannery later Johann Bouretour (1842–1892)
In the center of Hilden, Mittelstrasse 70, the tanner Lorenz Fuchs founded a tannery directly on the Itter in 1842. After Fuchs died, his widow Theresia, geb. Schafhausen (* 1809 - 13 May 1892) bought the tanner Johann Bouretour (* 1821 - 17 October 1892 in Hilden) in 1848 , who then also took over and continued the tannery. In 1853 the company had 7 pits and 5 handmade paper and processed 800 hides a year . The company ended in bankruptcy proceedings that opened on March 23, 1892. Theresia Bouretour died just a week after bankruptcy proceedings were opened and Johann Bouretour died before his property in Hilden and Eller was auctioned off . Neither of them lived to see the closure of the company on October 23, 1899.
Eduard tannery later Edmund Kappel (1872–1922)
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On May 23, 1872, the farmer Wilhelm Kappel applied to Hilden Mayor Pabst for a permit to set up a tannery on his property on the Itterbache. Then his son Eduard Kappel founded a small, artisanal tannery south of Itter, Markt 4, on July 30, 1872. He ran it together with his son Edmund Kappel . The Kappel family lived in houses Markt 4 and Markt 6. The tannery and a locksmith's shop run by Ernst Kappel were in extensions. From 1922 they are no longer recorded in the address book.
Stock and shoe factory Hugo Frauenhof (1887–2013)
On August 28, 1887 , Theodor Hugo Frauenhof founded a tanning and shaft factory on the site of the former oil mill next to the house on the Bech at Schwanenstrasse 17 . Mainly ankle boots were manufactured here and at times 30 to 35 steppers were employed here. When his nephew Richard Frauenhof took over the company in 1935, he converted it into a wholesaler for shoemaker's supplies . From 1945 it was converted into a "technical wholesaler for industrial supplies". The expansion of business activities to "environmental technology" with the sale of hoses , fittings and the assembly of hose lines took place in 1958 under the direction of Richard Frauenhof. After Richard Frauenhof's death in 1965, his widow Susanne continued to run the company as a general partner under the name Frauenhof KG with Gottfried Osten as limited partner. In 1989 it was converted into a GmbH. After Susanne Frauenhof left the management, Gottfried Osten took over all of the ownership interests in 1992. In 1995 a new office and storage building with approx. 1000 m² of storage space was built in Schwanenstrasse.
The company Hugo Frauenhof GmbH Industriebedarf und Umwelttechnik relocated to a larger site at Mühlenbachweg 5 in Hilden in 1998. On December 31, 2013 she ended her activities in the area of shoemaker's supplies and the business area was transferred to a competitor. Today it manufactures: hose and coupling technology, sewer and pipe cleaning technology, sewer testing and sewer rehabilitation, high pressure technology, air conveying systems, industrial safety equipment.
Locations Mettmanner Straße, Mühlenstraße (today at the town hall, Bast-Bau-Siedlung)
Johann Heinrich Stürmer and Otto Jüntgen (1850–1928)
As early as 1850, Johann Heinrich Stürmer (born February 19, 1822 in Hilden; † May 29, 1886 there) asked for the concession of a tannery on his property on Itter, Mühlenstrasse and Mettmanner Strasse. The Bast-Bau-Siedlung on the corner of Am Rathaus and Mühlenstraße is located there today. Since this project was met with a decided opposition from the sheep's wool spinner Johann Kreisköther (* 1800 in Hilden; † January 1879, ibid.), Who was manufacturing directly below, the license was not granted until 1852, but the factory was not established until 1860. It took place together with the tanner Otto Jüntgen (* 1834; † March 6, 1899 in Hilden) , who had moved to Hilden in 1860. The two company owners separated in 1864, and Johann Heinrich Stürmer quickly expanded his plant into a large company that continued to operate under the name Max Jüntgen until 1961 .
Stürmer needed clean itter water for watering and tanning and for making leather. However, he returned it to the stream as sewage in an unusable condition, at times completely contaminated. The sewage from the textile factories, which had their own dye works and chemical bleaching plants, such as the Reyscher & Bergmann dye works a little further up on Hochdahler Straße, and at times the artificial wool spinning mills of Jordan and Terberger (formerly Kreisköther) , the insignificant dye works of the Company from Bruchhausen u. Benninghoven and the Nesseldruckerei von Dörner . The large plants of Gressard & Co. , Kampf & Spindler and Schlieper & Laag were added below the city center . The water required was taken from the Itter and returned to the itter in various shades from the large paint tubs .
That is why Johann Heinrich Stürmer complained to Mayor Pabst from 1874 on paper printed extra sky blue that “the Carl Bergmann & Cie. their dirty colored water drifts into the respectable Itterbach pond, whereas the water above that factory is light and clear ”. There were heated arguments, administrative fines and serious admonitions without actually eliminating the problem. The Itter feeds - even today - the canals and water basins of the Benrath Palace Park in its lower course . The colored Itter filled the castle ponds with black-brown, foul-smelling water. Benrath Palace belonged to the Prussian crown and was repeatedly visited by high and high personalities. Even Kaiser Wilhelm I took quarters there during maneuvers. In order to be able to clean the park lakes for the maneuvers in September, the Royal Court Marshal's Office prohibited the discharge of factory outflows into the Itter by July 1, 1884 at the latest.
As a result of an almost uninterrupted good course of business, the Stürmer company soon developed into an important company that represented a good economic safety factor even in critical times of the general industrial situation of Hilde.
A factory fire that broke out on July 7, 1885 could not prevent this development. On the contrary, the factory seized the opportunity and modernized and enlarged in the following year by building a new shed and adding several extensions. In 1928, the JH Stürmer tannery ran into increasing financial difficulties and stopped production in Hilden. Max Jüntgen (born April 20, 1879, † 1966) tried to take over the insolvent plant. Before that happened, however, the Düsseldorf-Gerresheim district court opened bankruptcy proceedings on April 20, 1928 (file number 3 N 4/28). The last company owners were the merchants Alfred Stürmer and Hermann Vollmer. Only after more than four years, on June 14, 1932, the court concluded the proceedings with a compulsory settlement.
Branches in goldsmiths and Prühlitz
In 1891, the Hilden-based company built an external works in goldsmiths near Deutsch-Lissa (Polish: Leśnica ) in Silesia , led by brother Edmund Stürmer (* around 1855 - † May 27, 1913) . In 1928 both places were incorporated into Breslau and are now part of the Fabryczna district of Wroclaw (formerly Breslau). In goldsmiths, bare leather, vache leather and harness leather were produced. In 1908 another plant was built in Prühlitz near Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt , which was headed by Kurt Stürmer (born December 30, 1888, † January 19, 1942 in Kassel ). Prühlitz is now part of the Mühlanger district of the city of Zahna-Elster . The existing factory building of the Stürmer company has been used by a carpentry company since 1994.
Leather finishing shop JH Schuster's stock factory (until 1896)
JH Schuster ran a leather finishing shop on the commission of the Stürmer leather factory . In 1896 it was relocated to Richrath , now a district of Langenfeld (Rhineland) . Instead, Stürmer set up his own dressing room.
Tannery Joseph Schmitz, later Eduard Reusch (1820-1891)
Since 1820 Joseph Schmitz (* around 1781) ran a tannery at the confluence of Mühlenstrasse and Mittelstrasse . It passed to Friedrich Reusch (* August 1779 in Kleinfischbach ; † February 26, 1855 in Opladen ) at the latest in 1840 , who later transferred his company to his sons Christian and Eduard Reusch (* November 24, 1824 in Doktorsdhünn ; † July 14, 1891 in Hilden), which initially operated as the Reusch brothers . In 1853 the tannery already had 6 pits and 5 laid paper and processes 1,400 hides a year. On May 5, 1863, the Eduard Reusch company, with Eduard Reusch as the sole owner, was entered in the commercial register at the Düsseldorf District Court. In addition to the tannery, Reusch also ran a leather trade. Until 1880, the tannery apparently had no license and Reusch was also not the owner of the property, because Joseph Schmitz owned the tannery property along with other properties in Hilden to his son Peter Josef Schmitz (born November 21, 1920 in Hilden; † July 3, 1885 in Tondorf ), who was meanwhile pastor in Tondorf (Eifel). On February 16, 1880, the pastor applied to Hilden Mayor Wachtel to set up the tannery, although it had existed for decades. With the income from his Hilden property, Peter Josef Schmitz was able to equip his church, the parish church of St. Lambertus (Tondorf) , with a new organ and new windows. In 1891, after the death of Eduard Reusch, the tannery was closed. After that, the area was transferred to the neighboring leather factory Stürmer, which was thus enlarged.
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Max Jüntgen formerly striker (1932–1961)
The factory owner Max Jüntgen opened his leather factory in 1932 on Mühlen- und Mettmanner Straße (today Am Rathaus), which he had acquired from the bankruptcy of the company JH Stürmer. The factory halls stood where Nové-Město-Platz is today, up to the areas where the planning office and music school were at times, and where the Itter residence at the town hall are now the old people's apartments. It manufactured belts and technical leathers for industry, bare leather used for saddles , bags and school bags , and vachette leather . With bare leather, the tanning process can sometimes take four months. Vache leather is natural-colored, dyed or used as furniture leather in saddlery , in the furniture industry and in shoe manufacture. The Max Jüntgen leather tannery closed in 1961.
The empty buildings stopped and fell into disrepair. After the roof structure of one of the buildings on the site was destroyed by a fire in March 1980, the public pressure became so great to redesign the area, which was perceived as an eyesore. It was not until August 5, 1981, that the 40 meter high chimney was blown up by the Langenfeld demolition specialist Elisabeth Schauf (* June 16, 1929; † May 31, 2017). It fell in slow motion. Today the new town hall stands on the square. Opposite, a small bronze sculpture by the sculptor Olaf Höhnen is reminiscent of the leather industry. It shows a tanner , who with his scraper blade bends in hand over a spanned fur and edited it.
Housing estate complex Mühlenstrasse
The architect Hans Strizewski (* 1929) designed the Mühlenstrasse complex with 200 apartments in 1987. Strizewski also drew the facades and floor plans. Strizewski also designed the old people's apartments and settlement on the St. Marien site (1976), the town hall (1978), the replacement building for the Erikaweg senior citizen center (1990), the Rheinbahn customer center at the fork (1999), and the senior apartments on the upper Mittelstrasse next to the Sankt-Jacobus-Kirche (2001). The investor in the Mühlenstrasse housing estate was the Bast-Bau company from Erkrath . Emil Bast (born March 7, 1926 in Düsseldorf; † February 14, 2000 there) was also the builder of the Hildener Bismarck Passage (1998).
Locations Walder Strasse
Hermann Lipken's tannery (1877–1886)
At the beginning of 1877, the tanner Hermann Lipken applied to Mayor Pabst for a permit to set up a tannery in the building of the Ernst Jordan artificial wool spinning mill on Walder Strasse that burned down in 1875 (today between the east side of Itterpark and the Selgros Cash & Carry wholesaler). He opened his business before the end of the same year. In 1881 he also built a turbine and in 1882 a dam. The leather factory produced vachettes (finished hides) and bare leather until 1886.
Eduard Dahlhaus, later Ludwig Friedrichs (1881–1900, 1903–1913)
The tanner Eduard Dahlhaus worked in the neighboring building of Hermann Lipken . From 1903 to 1913, Ludwig Friedrichs ran a tannery in the same factory building at Walder Strasse 96. Eduard Dahlhaus lived in Walder Strasse 17.
August Breuer tannery, later Hugo Groß-Selbeck (after 1859 – before 1927)
In the house at Walder Strasse 53, the former wire pen factory Kothes & Comp. (1852–1859), first worked the tanner August Breuer ; around 1890, the more important company of the tannery owner Hugo Groß-Selbeck (* 1853; † after 1936), who moved from Mettmann around 1889, was located there . Before 1927 it was transferred to the Otto Jüntgen tannery.
Otto Jüntgen later Paul and Max Jüntgen
Otto Jüntgen had already taken over the Walder Strasse building from the Groß-Selbeck tannery before 1927. He lived in Walder Strasse 76. Otto Jüntgen, initially a partner of Johann Heinrich Stürmer, founded an independent company of the same type on Walder Strasse in 1864, which also gained special importance.
In 1880 the company took over a steam boiler system with locomobile that had been acquired by the Düsseldorf prison , which had been licensed as early as 1874 . Further concessions followed. The company expanded and added new factory buildings. A new finishing shop was built in them in 1895 and put into operation. Otto Jüntgen lived in Walder Strasse 60.
After Otto Jüntgen's death on March 6, 1899, his two sons Max (1879–1966) and Paul (1877–1949) initially continued the business together under the old company name. On January 31, 1914, major parts of the factory on Walder Strasse were badly affected by a large damaging fire . It couldn't be cleared because the hydrants were frozen.
The two brothers later separated. In 1932, Max Jüntgen took over the factory of the Stürmer company on Mühlenstrasse and Mettmanner Strasse (now “Am Rathaus”). Paul Jüntgen took over his father's factory on Walder Strasse and ran it until his death in 1949.
The successor company moved to Düsseldorf in 1962 and leased the Hilden factory premises to the self-service wholesale market Agros Essen KG, later Fegro, (now Selgros Cash & Carry).
Location Meide
Leather finishing shop and stock factory Hugo Meiser GmbH (1896–1932)
Hugo Fr. Meiser , former partner in the JH Schuster shaft factory , founded the Hilden leather and uppers factory at Meide Kleeferstraße 86 (today Mozartstraße) on September 1st, 1896. The new factory included a shaft manufacture and a leather finishing shop set up. The workers made military utensils, sets for suspenders and straps. The crisis-proof military contracts made it possible to build an extension as early as 1897. The number of workers rose from 25 to over 120. The building was demolished on January 3, 1964.
literature
- Wolfgang Wennig: History of the Hilden industry from the beginnings of commercial activity up to 1900 , Niederbergische Contributions Volume 30, Verlag Stadtarchiv Hilden 1974.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Wolfgang Wennig: History of Hilden Industry, From the Beginnings of Commercial Activity to 1900 , Hilden City Archives 1974
- ↑ opening bankruptcy proceedings Bouretour, notice of the District Court Gerresheim, in: Düsseldorf People's Journal, No. 81, March 24, the 1,892th
- ^ Announcement of the real estate sale on the Bouretour bankruptcy case by the notary Jüssen, Benrath, from October 14, 1892, in: Düsseldorfer Volksblatt, No. 285, from October 18, 1892
- ↑ Announcement on No. 6 of the company register of the Gerresheim District Court, in: Düsseldorfer Volksblatt, No. 292, of October 27, 1899
- ^ Kappel tannery project, announcement to Mayor Pabst, Hilden, from May 23, 1872
- ^ Abolition of the Kappel community, announcement by the royal district court of Gerresheim on August 31, 1907
- ^ Frauenhof company
- ↑ a b c On the 80th birthday of Max Jüntgen , Hildener Zeitung April 20, 1959
- ^ Opening of bankruptcy proceedings for Stürmer, announcement by the Düsseldorf-Gerresheim district court on April 20, 1928
- ^ Annulment of the bankruptcy proceedings Stürmer, announcement of the District Court of Düsseldorf-Gerresheim dated September 13, 1932
- ^ H. Edmund Stürmer KG , in: Schlesien, Bodenschätze und Industrie, Verlag Erich Ruthe, Breslau 1936, pp. 749f.
- ↑ Chronicle of the Mühlanger community, part 3, period since 1903
- ^ Collection of the German trade registers. 1863, p. 75.
- ^ Schmitz tannery project, announcement of Mayor Wachtel, Hilden, dated February 16, 1880
- ^ Johannes Becker: History of the parishes of the deanery Blankenheim. In: Karl Theodor Dumont (Ed.): Parishes of the Archdiocese of Cologne. JP Bachem publishing house, Cologne 1893, p. 622.
- ^ A b Maximilian Laufer: The end of the leather industry , Rheinische Post August 16, 2011
- ↑ Christoph Schmidt: Architect Hans Strizewski and building contractor Emil Bast were a tandem, they shaped the face of the city center , Rheinische Post January 7, 2019
- ↑ Lipken tannery project, announcement to Mayor Pabst, Hilden, dated February 13, 1877