Künstlerhaus, society of visual artists in Austria

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The Society of Fine Artists Austria, Künstlerhaus , was founded on April 29, 1861 as the " Cooperative of Fine Artists Vienna " and is an artists' association that shaped the artistic life of Austria significantly. According to its own definition, the "independent, private association with almost 500 artist members from the fields of painting, sculpture, architecture, applied arts and film sees itself as a platform for artists and those interested in art as well as a mouthpiece for its members in matters of cultural policy". Unlike other Austrian artists' associations, such as the Hagenbund , the association known today as the “Künstlerhaus, Society of Austrian Artists” was never dissolved or banned.

The art-historically significant, avant-garde movement of the Vienna Secession referred to its “split” from the Künstlerhaus Wien in 1897, namely to its departure from the traditional conservatism that prevailed in the society of visual artists at the time .

Historical classification

The foundation of the association as a city representative of the Viennese painters , sculptors and architects took place through the amalgamation of the association of young artists and academics founded in 1851 , which soon renamed itself to the Albrecht Dürer association and the association Eintracht . Shortly after its foundation, the association submitted a memorandum to the imperial government to raise the art situation in Austria . For many years the Viennese cooperative was to remain the only representative point of reference for public art life. With the exception of Hungary , which after the Compromise in 1867 formed the countries of the Hungarian Crown and henceforth built its own institutions, every artist who was able to lay claim to names and certain significance in the monarchy or who claimed them for himself belonged to it .

Only with the emergence of nationalism within the dual monarchy , as well as with increasing vehemence asked questions about the right of self-determination of the peoples , was the establishment of further artist associations in the Austrian crown lands , such as in Bohemia , or in today's Slovenian capital, the provincial capital of Carniola : Ljubljana .

In the 1890s, the chamber function of the association was increasingly criticized: While membership in the association was initially accessible to all people living off of its artistic work ( amateurs could become extraordinary members), the increasing number of artists in the growing society of the late Danube monarchy led to repetition Rejection of admission. But envy, too, may have played a role in the subsequent founding of the Vienna Secession in 1897, as historian Wladimir Aichelburg (since 1972 archivist of the Künstlerhaus) emphasizes: “ This viability, the will to live, but above all the relative prosperity of the association often awakened Envy led to aversions and attacks against them. These hostilities reached their first climax shortly before the turn of the century in connection with the emergence of the Secession, the second after the collapse of the monarchy in the throes of the birth of the new small republic, and another in the fifties after the establishment of the Federation and the Professional Association of Austrian Artists . The prevailing tendency was always to portray the Künstlerhaus as a backward, conservative association that had outlived itself. (…) The problem of the attacks was and still does not lie exclusively in bad will, but mainly in the lack of information and / or lack of image advertising by the Künstlerhaus itself; For example, the “Cooperative of Visual Artists in the Künstlerhaus” - or later the “Society of Visual Artists in the Künstlerhaus” (these were the artists' associations based in the Künstlerhaus) - never published an art magazine in which they presented themselves in the right light and in the wrong light Had been able to deny opinions. "

influence

According to the first memorandum mentioned above, a separate art section was established in the State Ministry. The opening of the extension of the association building, today's Künstlerhaus , with the 1st International Art Exhibition in 1882, gave rise to Hans Makart's initiative to found a modern gallery : today's Austrian Gallery Belvedere .

Most recently, the aforementioned founding of the Vienna Secession can be traced back to the association's discussions on the direction of contemporary art, which, under the leadership of the painter Gustav Klimt , led to the secession from the mainstream of society on April 7, 1897 . In addition to Klimt, Koloman Moser and Josef Hoffmann (founders of the Wiener Werkstätte ), or Joseph Maria Olbrich u. a. a different social conception of art and a new exhibition policy. The eponymous secession style became a variety of Art Nouveau . Nevertheless, there were also double memberships, or members of the old cooperative in the Künstlerhaus, such as the architect Alfred Keller , who built buildings in the secessionist style, but without belonging to the Secession.

With the exhibition Art around 1970 in 1979, which the then President Hans Mayr organized together with the collector couple Peter and Irene Ludwig in the Vienna (garden) Palais Liechtenstein , today's MUMOK emerged in the Vienna MuseumsQuartier . The then Federal Minister for Science and Research, Hertha Firnberg , led the negotiations for the incorporation of the private Ludwig Foundation in 1981 into the collection named the Museum of the 20th Century .

The club building

Today's Künstlerhaus in Vienna was the first exhibition and association building in the German-speaking area to be financed by artists themselves. Construction began four years after the establishment, at the suggestion of Friedrich Stache . Built on the north bank of the Vienna River , which at that time was still open , in the style of the Italian Renaissance, the building designed by the architect August Weber can be assigned to the predominant historicism of the Ringstrasse style. It was opened on September 1st, 1868, after only three years of construction and nine months before the inauguration of the nearby kk Hofoper . Directly opposite one of the two side wings built in 1882 is the building of the music association , which was opened nine months after the court opera. Today the house houses the Künstlerhaus-Kino , which opened in 1949 - Stadtkino since 2013 - and a theater since 1974, which has been operating under the name brut Wien since 2007 .

President

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Website Künstlerhaus / Geschichte , accessed on July 10, 2016.
  2. ↑ http://www.wulz-art.net/Dateien/KH%20Doku.html From Wladimir Aichelburg, Das Wiener Künstlerhaus 1861 to 2001. Volume 1: The artists' cooperative and its rivals Secession and Hagenbund. Vienna 2003; Retrieved July 10, 2016.
  3. ↑ http://www.k-haus.at/de/kuenstlerhaus/geschichte/ Self-presentation of the Künstlerhaus: Retrieved on July 10, 2016.
  4. ↑ https://www.mumok.at/de/node/6 History of the MUMOK: Retrieved on July 10, 2016.
  5. ↑ a b Künstlerhaus in the Vienna History Wiki of the City of Vienna