Gotthilf Hagen

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Gotthilf Hagen

Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen (born March 3, 1797 in Königsberg (Prussia) , † February 3, 1884 in Berlin ) was a German engineer specializing in hydraulic engineering .

The observations and the results of his research were reflected in over thirty scientific publications. He published the first three-volume handbook of hydraulic engineering (1840–1865) published in German . In physics he is known from the Hagen-Poiseuille law .

Life

Gotthilf Hagen came from Konigsberg family of scholars Hagen . His uncle was Karl Gottfried Hagen , who worked as a professor of physics and chemistry at the University of Königsberg . He had an early influence on Hagen's scientific training and inclinations. He was in lifelong contact with his two cousins, Ernst August Hagen , professor of aesthetics and art history, and Carl Heinrich Hagen , professor of political economy at the Albertina University in Königsberg.

Gotthilf Hagen was born on March 3, 1797 in Königsberg. After attending school, he studied mathematics and astronomy at the university in his hometown from 1816 under Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel , but from 1818 turned to architecture and construction. Gotthilf Hagen passed the surveyor's examination in 1819 and after graduating, switched to the civil service as a construction manager. There he dealt mainly with hydraulic engineering . In 1822 he passed the state examination as a master builder in Berlin. He became known through his publications on various hydraulic structures, which he visited during his study trips through Europe.

In 1824 he was hired as a construction manager by the Königsberg merchants. In 1825 he moved to Gdansk as deputy government and building councilor and was transferred to Pillau a year later as port construction inspector , where he got to know port and dike construction . His methods of fortifying dunes are still used today.

In 1830 Gotthilf Hagen moved to the building deputation in Berlin and in 1831 became senior building officer . From 1834 to 1849 he taught as a lecturer in hydraulic engineering at the local building academy and the United Artillery and Engineering School . In 1837 he became a secret senior building officer and in 1838 deputy senior building director.

In 1849 he was appointed to the Frankfurt National Assembly as an expert, and in 1850 he was appointed lecturer in the Prussian Ministry of Commerce. In 1866 he was promoted to senior construction director in the hydraulic engineering department and chairman of the technical building deputation, and in 1869 to regional construction director, whose tasks included checking the major hydraulic engineering and port structures in Prussia and other German-speaking countries. He held this position until he retired in 1875.

Grave of Gotthilf and Auguste Hagen in the Invalidenfriedhof , Berlin

He played a key role in planning the expansion of numerous German rivers and ports. The Prussian Admiralty put him in charge of the plans for the “first German naval port on the Jade”, later Wilhelmshaven . Hagen was given leave of absence from his work in the Prussian Ministry of Commerce and took over the chairmanship of the port construction commission founded on July 8, 1855 in the new Prussian jade region. After the drafts of two internationally known experts did not satisfy him, he submitted his own port design to the Prussian Admiralty on May 29, 1856. This port design was characterized by great foresight and expertise, because the design met the initially low requirements of the Prussian Admiralty and yet easily allowed for space for later extensions and additions. The Hagen port plan with fortifications and urban settlement received the approval and approval of the cabinet order of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia on June 25, 1856 . After completing the planning, he returned to the Prussian Ministry of Commerce on August 12, 1856. The plan was implemented in the following decade with various changes, most of which resulted from the ongoing development of port and shipbuilding. The plan still determines the layout of the town center today.

In 1839, Hagen experimentally discovered the laws of laminar flow of homogeneous viscous liquids , which were simultaneously and independently derived by the French doctor Jean Léonard Marie Poiseuille and are known today as Hagen-Poiseuille's law ; he also contributed to the vault theory and the earth pressure theory.

On April 27, 1827 he married Auguste Hagen (1806-1884), with whom he had two daughters and five sons. His son Ludwig Hagen followed his father professionally, became an associate professor for maritime and port construction in Berlin and in 1876 took over the department that had been headed by his father until then. Gotthilf Hagen died on February 3, 1884 in Berlin, where he was buried in the Invalidenfriedhof.

Honors

Detailed view of the monument in Pillau / Baltijsk

On April 7, 1842, at the suggestion of Alexander von Humboldt, he was elected a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. The following year he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Bonn for his scientific work .

On May 2, 1883, he was the first to be awarded the “Gold” medal for services to the building industry .

Monuments and names

  • After Gotthilf Hagen's death, the city ​​of Pillau erected a monument in his honor, which is still preserved in today's Russian Baltijsk . A Russian text was added and is now maintained by the Russian Navy.
  • In 2007 the Gotthilf-Hagen-Platz was inaugurated in Wilhelmshaven , on which stands a sculpture in honor of Gotthilf Hagen by the Wilhelmshaven artist Hartmut Wiesner . The sculpture was donated to the city by the Wilhelmshavener Heimatverein “Die Boje”.
  • The pilot station ship " Gotthilf Hagen ", built in 1959, bore his name.
  • The Hagen number was named after Gotthilf Hagen .

literature

  • Eberhard Neumann-Redlin von Meding : The building director Gotthilf Hagen zu Königsberg and Berlin. For the 200th birthday of the author of the Hagen-Poiseuille law. In: Königsberger Bürgerbrief 49 (1997), pp. 38–41.
  • Eberhard Neumann-Redlin von Meding, Klemens Adam: Gotthilf Hagen (1797–1884) - the reformer of hydraulic engineering. In: Rudolf Fritsch et al. (Ed.): Franz Ernst Neumann (1798–1895). For the 200th birthday of the mathematician, physicist and crystallographer. Terra Baltica publishing house, Kaliningrad / Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich 2005, pp. 196-219.
  • Ernst Ottmann: Gotthilf Hagen: The old master of hydraulic engineering. Verlag Wilh. Ernst u. Son, Berlin 1934.
  • Ralph Schröder:  Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 472 ( digitized version ).
  • Ingo Sommer : Late honor for the early urban planner Hagen. Gotthilf Hagen was one of the great engineers and architects of his time. In: Wilhelmshavener Zeitung. November 29, 2007.
  • Hans-Joachim Uhlemann: Gotthilf Hagen (1797-1884). In: DWhG-Mitteilungen No. 14 / April 2009, Appendix, pp. 1–33.

Web links

Commons : Gotthilf Hagen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Joachim Uhlemann: Gotthilf Hagen (1797–1884), in: DWhG-Mitteilungen No. 14 / April 2009, Appendix, pp. 1–33
  2. ↑ GSt PK, I. HA Rep. 93 D, No. 23
  3. ↑ GSt PK, I. HA Rep. 93 B, No. 21
  4. ^ Karl-Eugen Kurrer : The History of the Theory of Structures. Searching for Equilibrium . Ernst & Sohn , Berlin 2018, p. 240 u. 305, ISBN 978-3-433-03229-9 .
  5. ^ Obituary , Im Centralblatt der Bauverwaltung , No. 5, February 9, 1884, p. 51 ff., Accessed on December 23, 2012
  6. ^ Certificate of the honorary doctorate from Gotthilf Hagen
  7. ↑ Hans-Joachim Uhlemann: Gotthilf Hagen (1797–1884) , in: DWhG-Mitteilungen No. 14 / April 2009, Appendix, pp. 1–33, p. 20 (PDF; 4.5 MB), accessed on 16. February 2018
personal data
SURNAME Hagen, Gotthilf
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German engineer
DATE OF BIRTH March 3, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg
DATE OF DEATH February 3, 1884
Place of death Berlin