Vexin
The Vexin is a landscape in north-western France . It consists of the Vexin normand west of the Epte and the Vexin français east of the river. Vexin is more of a geographic than a political or historical term. The Vexin extends west-east between Pontoise and Rouen and north-south between Beauvais and the Seine . The Vexin is shared by five departments : Val-d'Oise , Yvelines , Oise , Eure and Seine-Maritime . The name comes from the Gallic tribe of the Veliocasses ( Pagus Veliocassinus ), who settled in this region.
geography
The Vexin is a wide limestone plateau bounded in the south by the meanders and the steep banks of the Seine; it is also nicked by two valleys in a north-south direction, that of the Epte and that of the Andelle .
It is a decidedly rural and sparsely populated area that is attracted by the urban centers on its periphery: Rouen to the west, Pontoise to the east, Vernon and Mantes-la-Jolie to the south. The main town of the Vexin, Gisors , has around 10,000 inhabitants.
The main artery of the Vexin is national road 14 , which connects Paris with Rouen via Pontoise, following an old Roman road .
The main tourist attractions of the Vexin normand are the Monets garden in Giverny , Les Andelys with Château-Gaillard and the forest and the village of Lyons-la-Forêt (Forêt de Lyons), one of the most beautiful beech forests in Europe. The main attractions of the Vexin français are Auvers-sur-Oise and La Roche-Guyon Castle, as well as the Vexin français Regional Nature Park .
history
In 911, when King Charles III. With the Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte the Normans left land under Rollo and thus created Normandy , the Vexin was cut into two parts along the Epte, a small tributary of the Seine, which is why the Vexin normand is still used today for the western and Vexin français speaks for the eastern part.
The Peace of Gisors of March 1113 ended the war between England and France over the Vexin and control of the central Seine. The Count of Vexin was guardian of the Abbey of Saint-Denis and the bearer of its banner, the Oriflamme . After the surrender of the last counts, both the county and the protective bailiwick fell to the King of France.
After 1525 the Inquisition took active action against the Reformation in the Vexin . In 1531 two Protestants were arrested and locked up in Gisors until they were finally taken to Rouen for their execution . Especially in the years 1540 to 1550 there were many convictions of Protestants for heresy .
Counts of Vexin
- Nibelung, attested in 843/879, 853 missus in Nivernais , Auxerrois and Avallonnais , 864 Count von Vexin ( Arnulfinger )
- Adelramn, Nibelung's grandson, probably follows Nibelung as Count von Vexin (see Arnulfinger )
- Ermenfroi , before 895/919 Count of Amiens , Vexin and Valois
- Raoul I. (Raoul de Gouy) , † 926, 915 Count, probably Count of Ostervant, 923 Count of Amiens, Valois and Vexin, brother-in-law or son-in-law of Ermenfrois ( first house of Valois )
- Raoul II ( Raoul de Cambrai ), X 944, Count of Valois, Amiens and Vexin, son of Raoul
- Gautier (Walterius) I. , † 992/998, 965 Count of Valois, Amiens and Vexin, probably son of Raouls I.
- Gautier II. Le Blanc , attested after 998/1017, Count of Valois, Amiens and Vexin, 1017 Count of Mantes , son of Gautier I.
- Dreux (Drogo) , † 1035, Count of Amiens, Mantes, Pontoise and Vexin, son of Gautier II.
-
Gautier III. , † 1063, count of Amiens and Vexin, 1063 titular count of Maine , son of Drogo
- Raoul III. , † 1060, Count of Amiens and Valois, probably also Count of Crépy , brother of Drogo
- Raoul IV , † 1074, Count of Valois, Crépy and Vitry , 1064 Count of Amiens and Vexin, Vogt (avoué) of Saint-Denis , Jumièges , Saint-Wandrille , Saint-Pierre in Chartres and Saint-Arnoul in Crépy , son Raouls II.
- Simon , attested in 1069, † 1080, Count of Amiens, Valois, Montdidier , Bar-sur-Aube , Vitry and Vexin, son of Raoul III.
In 1077 Simon went to the monastery and his possessions were distributed. Valois went to his brother-in-law Heribert IV of Vermandois , Amiens the diocese of Amiens, and the Vexin to the king, who shared it with the Duke of Normandy. Bar-sur-Aube and Vitry were occupied by Theobald von Blois.
- 1092–1108: Louis of France , son of King Philip I , is installed as Count des Vexin français, before becoming Louis VI. himself became king.
- 1127–1128: Wilhelm Clito , † 1128
- around 1172–1197: Margaret of France, daughter of King Louis VII.
- 1197-after 1200: Alix of France, her sister
literature
- Detlev Schwennicke: European Family Tables , Volume III.4 1989 |, Plate 657
Individual evidence
- ↑ Laurence Riviale: Le vitrail en Normandie entre Renaissance et Réforme (1517–1596) . In: Corpus Vitrearum . tape 7 . Presses Universitaires de Rennes, Rennes 2007, ISBN 978-2-7535-0525-4 , pp. 27 (French).