Auxerre

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Auxerre
Auxerre coat of arms
Auxerre (France)
Auxerre
region Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Department Yonne ( prefecture )
Arrondissement Auxerre
Canton Chef-lieu of
Auxerre-1
Auxerre-2
Auxerre-3
Auxerre-4
Community association Auxerrois
Coordinates 47 ° 48 '  N , 3 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 47 ° 48 '  N , 3 ° 34'  E
height 93-217 m
surface 49.95 km 2
Residents 34,634 (January 1, 2017)
Population density 693 inhabitants / km 2
Post Code 89000
INSEE code 89024
Website www.auxerre.com

Auxerre on the Yonne

Auxerre [ oˈsɛʀ ] (Latin: Autissiodorum or Autessiodorum ) is the main town ( chef-lieu ) of the Yonne department in the French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté . The city has 34,634 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2017). The Auxerrois grape variety comes from the Auxerre area .

geography

location

The commune of Auxerre is located in the north-western part of the Burgundy-Franche-Comté region , in the center of the Yonne department . It is crossed by the Yonne , a tributary of the Seine that runs through the department from south to north. The municipality is located in the south of Burgundy ( French Bassebourgogne ), a region with sedimentary surfaces and at the end of the Paris Basin .

Auxerre is surrounded by many municipalities: Augy , Champs-sur-Yonne , Chevannes , Monéteau , Perrigny , Quenne , Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche , Venoy , Villefargeau , Villeneuve-Saint-Salves belong to the territory of Auxerre. Escolives-Sainte-Camille and Jussy are on the territory of the Communauté de communes du Pays Coulangeois .

Auxerre - Hauts d'Auxerre
Perrigny 		Auxerre - Les Conches / Les Clairions
Monéteau 		Auxerre- Saint-Gervais / Brazza
Villeneuve-Saint-Salves
Auxerre- Sainte-Geneviève
Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche
Villefargeau 		compass Auxerre- Rive-Droite
Venoy
Quenne
Auxerre- Les Boussicats
Auxerre- Les Brichères
Chevannes 		Auxerre- Saint-Julien / Saint-Amâtre
Vallan , Jussy , Escolives-Sainte-Camille 		Auxerre- Les Piédalloues
 Augy
Champs-sur-Yonne
city Troyes Dijon Orleans Paris Besançon Nancy Lyon Lille Strasbourg Nantes Bordeaux Montpellier Toulouse Marseille
decision
fernung
 78 km 142 km 143 km 169 km 225 km 255 km 300 km 365 km 377 km 429 km 515 km 575 km 585 km 611 km

Geology and relief

Auxerre is partly on a low hill overlooking the Yonne .

The area of ​​the municipality is 4,995 ha, part of which is not built up; it lies at an altitude between 93 m and 217 m.

Hydrography

Course of the Yonne.

The Yonne flows from south to north and forms the border with the communes of Champs-sur-Yonne and Augy before crossing the territory of the city of Auxerre; it then flows on via Monéteau .

There are several small tributaries along the way. Upstream from Auxerre, the Quenne stream flows out on the right bank at the Preuilly mill and then the Vallan stream on the left bank at the Batardeau mill. Downstream the Caillottes brook joins the Biaunes to the Yonne.

The Valan brook provides the cleanest water in the Auxerre area because the water from the other tributaries is not as good. On the hill, the only source of water was the Saint-Vigile pond (it has since disappeared only a street near the prefecture bears his name.) And the Saint-Germain fountain.

climate

Former weather station (closed in 2013) of the Center Météo-France de l'Yonne near Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche near Auxerre

In the Paris basin, in the heart of a valley on either side of the Yonne, the climate is temperate, even if it does not escape the harsh cold or hot weather.

history

Antiquity

Auxerre, which was called Autessiodurum in antiquity , was a city of the Senones and is not yet mentioned by Caesar in his commentaries; it seems to have gained in importance only after the Roman conquest of Gaul . During the imperial period it belonged to the Roman province of Gallia Lugdunensis . A dedicatory inscription for Icauna , the river goddess of the Yonne, was found here in the 18th century, but is now considered lost. The Via Agrippa also reached the settlement. Ruins and other antiquities from Gallo-Roman times have been preserved to a small extent.

As early as the late 3rd century, the city had been the seat of a bishop , who was subordinate to the Archdiocese of Sens from the end of the 4th century . St. Peregrinus (French Pelerin) is named as the first bishop of Auxerre . Before the middle of the 5th century, the city experienced its first economic and religious heyday through the work of the bishop and troop leader Germanus von Auxerre . In 451 it was probably plundered by the Huns of Attila .

Auxerre achieved international fame among the professional public in 1907 when an archaic statue was found in the city's Musée Saint-Germain : the Lady of Auxerre .

middle Ages

In 486 Auxerre was snatched from the Romans by the Frankish king Clovis . In the early Middle Ages it was part of the Merovingian property . First after Chlodwig's death (511) it came to Chlodomer , then to Childebert I , Chlothar I , Guntram I and 613 to Chlothar II.

In 584 a council was held in Auxerre by Bishop Aunaire (Aunacharius), about which 45 canons for church discipline provide information. In 695 there was an advisory council under Bishop Tétrice in the city . Further synods met here in 1020 and 1147, the latter chaired by Gilbert Porretanus , Bishop of Poitiers.

In the 9th century Auxerre was the seat of a famous monastery school of the Abbey of Saint Germain . a. the scholars Heiricus and Remigius worked.

The county of Auxerre ( Auxerrois ) was a fiefdom of the Dukes of Burgundy until 1005 and then was owned by the House of Monceaux , Counts of Nevers, for almost two centuries as a fiefdom of the Bishops of Auxerre . Landry was the first of these counts. In the 1160s, Wilhelm IV had the city wall extended, which now also surrounded monasteries and suburbs beyond the earlier Roman fortifications. His brother Guido wanted to establish a commune here at the beginning of the 1170s, but the bishop opposed this plan. Guido's heir, Agnes, married Peter II of Courtenay in 1184 , later the Latin emperor of Constantinople . After a devastating fire Auxerre received II. 1188 one by Peter carte blanche . Fermer had Peter complete the walling started by Wilhelm IV. Peter's daughter Mathilde brought the county of Hervé, Lord von Donzy , and confirmed Auxerre in 1223 an extended town charter.

By marriage, the county of Auxerre came successively to the houses of Châtillon , Bourbon , Burgundy and Chalon . In the early stages of the Hundred Years War, the English and their mercenaries attacked Auxerre in January 1358. They were initially repulsed, but on March 10, 1358, they conquered the city and plundered it. In 1370 John IV of Chalon sold the county of Auxerre to the French King Charles V. Louis de Chalon contested the purchase, but at the beginning of the 15th century the parties to the dispute compared with King Charles VI.

In the struggle between the Armagnaks and the Burgundians in 1411, the citizens of Auxerre sided with the Duke of Burgundy, Johann Ohnefurcht . On August 22, 1412, a peace treaty between the dukes of Burgundy and Orléans was concluded here under the chairmanship of the Dauphin. In 1435 the county of Auxerre fell to Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy through the Treaty of Arras . During the Ligue du Bien public , the residents of Auxerre were not very eager to comply with the urgent requests of the Duke of Burgundy. After Charles the Bold's death in 1477, the county of Auxerre finally fell to the French crown, although Mary of Burgundy and later the Emperor Maximilian opposed it .

Modern times

In the Treaty of Madrid (1526) Auxerre had to be ceded to Emperor Charles V , but came back to France in the peace treaties of Cambrai (1529) and Crépy (1544).

In 1561, the citizens of Auxerre were granted the right to elect a mayor every two years. a. City Council composed of twelve aldermen . In the same year religious unrest broke out, which began again in 1563 in a more violent form. In October 1567 the Huguenots took the city by surprise and looted the churches, but were driven out the following year. Auxerre joined the Holy League in 1587 and fighting broke out between supporters of the League and royalists. In 1592 royal troops appeared in Auxerrois. The city submitted to Henry IV in April 1594. In the 17th century, it suffered from several famines. On August 19, 1792, during the French Revolution , there was a terrible commotion in Auxerre. In the course of the defeat of Napoleon , Auxerre was temporarily occupied by the Austrians in early March 1814.

In August 1944, Auxerre was liberated by Major General Leclerc's troops.

In 1972 the city merged with the municipality of Vaux.

Politics and administration

Auxerre Town Hall

Division of administration

Auxerre is the seat of the prefecture and thus the capital of the Yonne department . It is also the capital of the Auxerre arrondissement and the capital of several constituencies (cantons) in the vicinity of the city:

Auxerre is a member and administrative seat of the Communauté d'agglomération de l'Auxerrois in German  about "Auxerre Community Association" ; the association comprises 21 municipalities and was founded in 2005.

Auxerre also includes the constituency of the department of Yonne , of which Guillaume Larrivé has been the MP since the parliamentary elections in France in 2012 .

Political development

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Municipal administration

The population according to the last census was between 30,000 and 39,999, so there are 39 deputies in the city council.

In the 2014 local elections, the PS - Divers gauche alliance (“L'avenir en confiance”) received 51.13% of the vote in the second ballot. The alliance of the opposition (“Ensemble, construisons l'avenir d'Auxerre”), Union of the Right ( LR - UDI - DVD ).

Group Motto Top candidate percentage Seats status
PS - DVG "L'avenir en confiance" Guy Férez (Mayor) 51.13% 30th majority
LR - UDI - DVD «Ensemble, construisons l'avenir d'Auxerre» Guillaume Larrivé 48.86% 9 opposition


Auxerre is classified as a city with typical French voter behavior. This peculiarity has generated particular media interest in the city, particularly France Inter and The New York Times .

Political projects

In 2006 the city advocated sustainable development by adopting Agenda 21 .

Green spaces

View of the cathedral on the banks of the Yonne

Auxerre was awarded a Grand Prix and 4 flowers at the Concours des villes et villages fleuris .

  • Les jardins de l'abbaye Saint-Germain : Formerly the place for meditation and rest in the abbey, fruit and vegetable garden. The garden is also the entrance to the museum. A terrace encourages you to linger and admire the garden art, especially in summer.
  • Les Promenades : Under pressure from the Auxerrois, who were annoyed because they were not allowed into the garden of the Chevalier-de-l'Arquebuse, the "green boulevard" was created on the former fortress in the center of Auxerre . Lined with flowers, lawns and linden trees, the promenades also offer a French-style garden on the side of the Arquebuse.
  • Jardin du Musée : In the area of ​​the Natural History Museum of Auxerre, a magnificent and exotic garden in French style has been created. The garden is located on the periphery of the city center and offers visitors numerous pastimes and exhibitions.
  • Parc des Maréchaux : It is a private garden near the museum that takes its name from Avenue Foch .
  • Square Leblanc-Duvernoy : The square is right in the center of the city and leads to the earthenware museum via a green corridor.
  • Arboretum Darnus-Rantheaume : The 3 hectare area a few steps from the city center and offers the public space to relax.
  • Les Plaines de l'Yonne : This promenade leads from the Île aux Plaisirs to the exhibition center ( Auxerrexpo ) and offers walkers a rich fauna and flora along the river.
  • Le chemin de Halage : It is about a former towpath . The trail runs along the banks of the Yonne and the Canal du Nivernais and is popular with recreational athletes, walkers and cyclists. The path can follow another 60 km to the Nièvre department .
  • Parc de l'Arbre-Sec : The “dry tree” park is the city's green lung. An avenue of plane trees leads along the Yonne into the area, which has a playground and more than 300 trees and 28,000 plants.
  • Le square de Roscoff : The free space on the former site of a monastery borders the Yonne. Located on the right bank of the river, one has the most beautiful view of the monuments of Auxerre from here. The 14 July events will take place here around the marina.

Jurisprudence

The courthouse has achieved fame far beyond the city's boundaries because it dealt with criminal cases that moved France: The disappearances on the Yonne around the mass murderer Émile Louis ; the Géraldine Giraud and Katia Lherbier affair ; u. a.

Town twinning

Auxerre has several city ​​partnerships :

Population development

Development of the population:

year Residents Timeline
1851 14,166
1936 24,282
1954 26,583
1975 38,342
1982 38,767
1999 37,790
2006 37,419

Attractions

Saint-Étienne, transept

See also: List of Monuments historiques in Auxerre

Old town Auxerre has a huge and picturesque old town with winding streets and impressive half-timbered houses. It also houses some of the churches and the clock tower mentioned below . The old town lies west of the Yonne River and is bordered by Rue du Pont, Rue des Remparts, Rue des Buttes and Rue Saint-Germain.

Churches

leisure

  • Leisure harbor: In Auxerre the Canal du Nivernais joins the River Yonne and there is a large leisure harbor on the river.
  • The city is home to the AJ Auxerre football club .

Personalities

Web links

Commons : Auxerre  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Hints

  1. ↑ a b Auxerre sur geoportail.fr - cartes IGN . Couches “Cartes IGN classiques”, “Limites administratives” and “Hydrography” activées. There are modules, deactivated or supprimer chaque couches dans l'onglet de "sélection de couches" en haut à droite, et en ajouter depuis l'onglet "Cartes" en haut à gauche.
  2. ↑ Abbé Jean Lebeuf , Mémoires concernant l'histoire ecclésiastique et civile d'Auxerre… , Auxerre, Perriquet, 1743, Volume 1 , Volume 2
  3. ↑ communaute-auxerrois.com
  4. ↑ In France, depending on the choice target (municipality, department, region, ...) different choice counties / districts as conscription legislative or conscription électorale . In the present case, the Première circonscription de l'Yonne is meant.
  5. ↑ Official election result
  6. ↑ art L. 2121-2 du code général des collectivités territoriale
  7. ↑ Result of the runoff in Yonne (89) - Auxerre
  8. ↑ Elaine Sciolino, Typical French Town Is Split Over Election , The New York Times, 28 mars 2007 ( ISSN 0362-4331 )
  9. ^ Insee - Série historique des résultats du recensement dans la communauté d'agglomération de l'Auxerrois , consulté le 8 août 2015.
  10. ↑ www.auxerre.fr/