Hallerstein

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The church village Hallerstein is a district of the town of Schwarzenbach an der Saale in the Upper Franconian district of Hof .

location

Hallerstein is 98 meters south of the Förmitztalsperre . The Schlossberg (600 m above sea level), around which the approx. 100 houses of the village are grouped, consists of the rock type diabase and slopes steeply to the north, while an agriculturally used plateau extends south to the northern main ridge of the Fichtelgebirge .

Hallerstein from Haisla
Church and Schlossberg with parish garden

history

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A Meierhof preceded the village of Hallerstein. With the construction of Hallerstein Castle , the residents of the adjacent Gettengrün relocated , which they gave up. The first documentary mention comes from the year 1439. In a feudal deed of the Viennese chancellery, the place was awarded as a Bohemian crown fief by the Roman-German and Bohemian King Albrecht II to the brothers Fritz and Rüdiger von Sparneck . After the extinction of Haller Steiner line of noble family, the noble family of expressed Haller of Hallerstein be interested in buying the castle with its properties. However, this purchase never came about, that is, the Hallerstein residents were actually never based in Hallerstein. In 1563 the place became the property of the Margrave of Bayreuth , who set up a margravial office there, which lasted until the Margraviate of Bayreuth passed after a short period of belonging to the Kingdom of Prussia to the Kingdom of Bavaria. The former castle property was demolished as early as the 17th century and divided into several interest yards. Until the land consolidation in the 1970s and 1980s, the parcels of most courtyards, unlike in the surrounding towns, were spread out across the corridors.

Hallerstein has been hit twice by devastating fires, in 1640 farmers burned the weeds on the fields that had been fallow due to the Thirty Years' War . The fire spread to the thatched houses in the village. In 1835, almost all of the town's houses were cremated. The cause seems to have been the improper handling of the local teacher and cantor with a "Schleißenlicht" (Kienspan) in his cattle shed.

The uniform appearance with the predominant one- and two-storey residential stables with crooked hips that the town center offers today is mainly due to the fact that the town was able to be rebuilt in a relatively short time in the style of the early 19th century with the help of fire insurance. One seems to have paid attention to a certain uniformity in the house design. Almost all the houses are built from rubble stones. Since clay slate and granite were also used as building material in mixed confusion in addition to the locally occurring diabase, it is permissible to conclude that the ruins of the old castle, whose corner pillars were made of granite, were also used for the extraction of building material.

Church and school

The parish church of Hallerstein emerged from the castle chapel, which originally belonged to the parish of Weißdorf . In the 15th century, a late Gothic Madonna figure came from there to Hallerstein, which, after having probably been banished to the attic during the Reformation, found a place of honor in the church again. The church association with Weißdorf was dissolved in 1613. Hallerstein has been an independent parish since then. In addition to Hallerstein, the districts of the church include the villages of Förmitz , Völkenreuth and Götzmannsgrün as well as the hamlets and single Lohmühle , Albertsberg, Birkenbühl and Mittelschieda. The parish belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Deanery Münchberg in the church district of Bayreuth within the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bavaria . In 2012 the parishes of Schwarzenbach / Saale and Hallerstein agreed to work closely together. The second pastor's post in Schwarzenbach has since been divided equally between the two parishes. The pastor's residence will in future be the rectory in Hallerstein.

There also seems to have been a school since the 17th century, since since then there have been repeated references to schoolmasters in official documents. Today there are still two buildings in the village that are known as the school house: the so-called old school house (house number 2), which was used until 1912, then housed the parish hall with sacristan's apartment until 1998 and is now privately owned. In 1912 the new school house (house number 52) was built, which housed a single-class school until the end of the 1960s. This building is also privately owned today.

Hallerstein after 1900

The economic upswing of the early days left its mark on Hallerstein relatively late. In the quarries, stone processing companies, porcelain and textile factories in the surrounding cities, more and more residents of the place found wages and bread. Often, especially in winter, they had to take on arduous footpaths. Their wives or children fared no better, who often had to bring the meager meal in the food carrier to work at lunchtime. Farmers with small farmsteads were also forced to earn extra income as forest workers, house butchers or “sturgeon” craftsmen (craftsmen without their own workshop who worked in the client's farm). Nevertheless, some industrial workers managed to build their own little house and enjoy a modest prosperity with pigs and goats in the barn. However, the First World War , which broke out in 1914, put an abrupt end to the humble beginnings.

During the First World War, Hallersteiners were deployed with the Bavarian troops mainly in France. Many died there. In their honor there is a memorial plaque in the staircase of the village church. The secular community erected a simple memorial for the fallen near the village linden. A broken sword as a symbol of the lost war, an anchor as a symbol of hope for lasting peace and the dates 1914/18 and 1939/45 are carved on a granite monolith .

Church bells also fell victim to the war. The bronze bells, which were tuned a-cis-e, were taken out of the tower and melted down for the construction of gun barrels. Since money was scarce in the community after the war, it was decided in 1922 to equip the church with bells made of sound steel. The three bells were in use until 2009 and were replaced by new bronze bells with the sound of gbc.

The political disputes of the Weimar Republic found little echo in Hallerstein, although there was also certain polarization between a national-conservative and a social-democratic camp. Hallerstein also had to pay a considerable toll in blood again in World War II . However, it came out unscathed from the fighting in 1945. Only one courtyard in Mittelschieda was slightly damaged by artillery fire.

The billeting of many expellees from the Sudetenland and Silesia brought considerable burdens . For a short time, the population doubled to over 800 people. The limited space, different religious views and the constant struggle for food gave rise to many a conflict. In the following years, however, it was possible to integrate a large number of the new citizens, while the majority of the displaced people gradually left the village because better incomes could be achieved in the regions further west of the newly founded Federal Republic.

On July 1, 1976, the previously independent community Hallerstein was dissolved. The district of Benk came to the community of Weißdorf . The other districts (Hallerstein, Völkenreuth, Albertsberg, Förmitz and Birkenbühl) were incorporated into the town of Schwarzenbach an der Saale.

With the increase in mobility of the residents (the first asphalt road was built in the municipality in 1958), there was a decline in small businesses in the village. Around 1950 there were still two retail stores, a bakery, two carpentry shops, a village blacksmith, a plumber, a household goods store and a porcelain factory. In 2006 only a car workshop and a bakery were left. The change in agriculture was even more dramatic. Of the once almost 30 smallholdings, there is still one full-time business and two part-time businesses. Most of the agricultural land is cultivated by farmers from the surrounding areas.

After the porcelain factories in Schwarzenbach and Kirchenlamitz were closed in the early 1990s , many villagers had to look for work in more distant places. In some cases, travel times of more than two hours per day have to be accepted. Nevertheless, the unemployment rate in Hallerstein is far below that of neighboring communities.

Recent demographic data show that Hallerstein is the only district of Schwarzenbach with a relative increase in population. There are hardly any vacancies as in other East Upper Franconian places.

Mayor before the municipal reform

  • 1933–1942 Johann Dengler, stone cutter and farmer
  • 1942–1945 Karl Vates

Club life

The small town has been characterized by a lively club life since the middle of the 19th century. The Voluntary Fire Brigade (FF) Hallerstein is the oldest of the clubs operating in Hallerstein, it was founded in 1872. The Heimat- und Kulturverein Hallerstein e. V. was founded in 1987. The Hallerstein local group of the FGV was founded in 1952. In 1994 young people from Hallerstein and the surrounding area founded the Evangelical Country Youth, which also accepts members of other denominations. The TV Hallerstein emerged after the Second World War from the workers gymnastics club of 1888 and the German gymnastics club. The club is best known for its sporting achievements in the sport of fistball.

Craftsmen Festival

The craftsmen's festival is a one-day event in Hallerstein that is held every two years. The village festival was first held on August 24, 1986. At that time, organized by the Hallerstein volunteer fire department, the festival was celebrated in the small area around the Hallerstein village linden. Those who practice venerable trades and a supporting program entertained the guests from the area. Nowadays the fixed size is multiplied. Every two years there are more than 80 stalls, around 15,000 visitors come from all over Germany. Various handicrafts are demonstrated and local food is offered. Some music bands are playing.

Hallerstein local heating network

In 2013 the Nahwärmenetz Hallerstein GbR was founded. The company's aim is to build a local district heating network based on renewable energies. 40 households have so far announced their willingness to connect. A feasibility study is currently being carried out to determine which types of energy should be used. According to the current plans, the base load is to be taken over by a block-type thermal power station, which draws its energy from a biogas plant in the village of Völkenreuth via an approx. 1.4 km long line.

literature

Web links

Commons : Hallerstein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 687 .

Coordinates: 50 ° 11 '  N , 11 ° 55'  E