Oettingen (Franconian-Swabian noble family)
Oettingen is the name of a noble Franconian and Swabian noble family in Riesgau . Already in 1147 it belonged to the counts . The imperial direct county of Oettingen had a share in the electoral vote of the count bank of the Swabian Reichskreis in the Reichstag until 1803 . As ruling counts, the Oettinger belonged to the high nobility . In 1674 the house was first raised to the rank of prince .
history
The lineage of the Oettingen traces its ancestry back to the documented Fridericus comes mentioned in 987 and his father Sieghard V. ( Sigehardus comes in pago Riezzin - Sieghard, Count in Riesgau) from the lineage of the Sieghardinger , documented 1007. These are also considered the ancestors of the Hohenstaufen . The family line as Counts of Oettingen begins (documented in 1147) with Ludovicus comes de Otingen, who was given the old Hohenstaufen Gaugrafschaft in Ries as a fief that year , or (documented in 1250) his brother Chuno comes de Othingen . The relationship between the Öttingen and the Hohenstaufen family is also documented by documents, without the exact relationship being made clear. As vassals of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, the people of Öttingen built Steinsberg Castle around 1200 .
From the 12th to the 14th century, the family gained the largest secular territory in East Swabia. The county of Oettingen was around the imperial city of Nördlingen in what is now Bavaria or Baden-Württemberg . At the end of the Old Kingdom in 1806, the area covered around 850 km² and had around 60,000 inhabitants.
In 1418 it was divided, which was followed in 1442 and 1485.
- Louis XV, the progenitor of both lines, converted to Protestantism
In 1522 the house split into two lines:
- the evangelical line Oettingen-Oettingen
- Louis XVI (1508–1569) remained Protestant and founded the line that received seven twelfth of the possessions and died out in 1731
- Albrecht Ernst I, raised to the rank of prince in 1674
- Albrecht Ernst II.
- the Catholic line Oettingen-Wallerstein
- Friedrich (younger brother of Louis XVI.) Professed Catholicism and founded the Catholic line, which received five twelfth of the possessions.
The Oettingen-Wallerstein line was divided into three lines in 1623/1694:
- Oettingen-Spielberg, raised to the rank of prince in 1734 - when Oettingen-Oettingen died out in 1731, it received a third of its possessions. Spielberg Castle was owned by the Spielberg Line from 1363 to 1983. Oettingen Castle and Hirschbrunn Castle are owned by the line to this day.
- Oettingen-Wallerstein, raised to the rank of prince in 1774 - it received two thirds of the possessions of Oettingen-Oettingen in 1731. This line was also owned by the Dagstuhl dominion (now part of Wadern in Saarland), for which it was compensated with church property in Bavaria and Württemberg in 1803 ( Maihingen monastery , owned until 1946, and St. Mang monastery in Füssen, owned until 1839) . To date, the locks are Wallerstein and Baldern , Castle Hohenaltheim and the Castle Harburg owned the line Oettingen-Wallerstein.
- Oettingen-Baldern, it died out in 1798 and its possessions, including Baldern Castle and Katzenstein Castle , were transferred to the Oettingen-Wallerstein line.
coat of arms
Blazon of the family coat of arms : “ A blue heart shield on a red and gold Eisenhutfeh , everything covered with a continuous silver tray . On the helmet with red and gold covers a growing golden bracken trunk, both of which are red ears covered with the shoulder. "
"Ötingen" coat of arms in the Zurich coat of arms , around 1340
Coat of arms of the Counts of Oettingen from Scheibler's book of arms around 1450–1480
Coat of arms of the Counts of Oettingen from Siebmacher's coat of arms book from 1605
Personalities
- Siegfried Graf von Öttingen , Bishop of Bamberg 1237
- Gutta von Oettingen (1302–1329), daughter of King Albrecht I of Habsburg
- Irmengard von Oettingen (1304–1389), Countess Palatinate near Rhine, wife of Count Palatine Adolf , later Dominican
- Friedrich IV. Of Oettingen , Bishop of Eichstätt (1383–1415)
- Louis XI. of Oettingen († 1440)
- Elisabeth von Oettingen , also Elisabeth von Leuchtenberg, († 1406), sister of the aforementioned bishop, lady-in-waiting of the Palatinate Elector and German King Ruprecht III.
- Wolfgang I. von Oettingen (1455–1522), Count
- Friedrich von Öttingen , Bishop of Passau (1485–1490)
- Magdalena von Öttingen (1473–1525), wife of Count Ullrich VII. Von Montfort , regent from 1520 in Tettnang
- Maria Magdalena von Oettingen-Baldern (1619–1688), second wife of Margrave Wilhelm I of Baden-Baden
- Gottfried Graf von Oettingen-Oettingen (1569-1595), signed the for himself and his younger brothers Ludwig and Albrecht Ludwig Concord of 1577 and the Book of Concord of the 1580th
- Maria Dorothea Sophia von Oettingen (1639–1698), Princess of Öttingen-Öttingen and by marriage Duchess of Württemberg
- Christine Luise von Oettingen-Oettingen (1671–1747), Princess of Öttingen-Öttingen and by marriage Duchess of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and Princess of Blankenburg
- Maria Anna von Oettingen-Spielberg (1693–1729), Princess of Liechtenstein
- Johann Aloys I. zu Oettingen-Spielberg (1707–1780), Prince of the Principality of Spielberg-Oettingen
- Eleonore von Oettingen-Spielberg (1745–1812), Princess of Liechtenstein, member of the circle of Emperor Joseph II.
- Alois III. zu Oettingen-Spielberg (1788–1855), registrar, member of the state parliament
- Ludwig Ernst Prince of Oettingen-Wallerstein (1791–1870), statesman
- Franz Ludwig zu Öttingen-Wallerstein (1795–1813), Rittmeister , killed in the battle of Hanau
- Otto zu Oettingen-Spielberg (1815–1882), registrar, member of the state parliament
- Eugen Fürst zu Oettingen-Wallerstein (1885–1969), politician
- Gabriele Oettingen (* 1953), biologist and professor of psychology
Castles and Palaces
The following castles and goods are still owned by the family today:
Oettingen-Spielberg
Spielberg Castle (until 1983)
Oettingen-Wallerstein
The former possessions include:
Formerly Oettingen-Spielberg
- Spielberg Castle (1363–1983)
- Kreuth Palace (1878–1952)
Formerly Oettingen-Wallerstein
- Katzenstein Castle (Dischingen) (1572–1939)
- Dagstuhl rule (1690 / 97–1778 Oettingen-Baldern and Sötern, then Oettingen-Wallerstein until 1803)
- Maihingen Monastery (1802–1946)
- St. Mang Monastery in Füssen (1802–1839)
- Hohenschwangau Castle (1821–1823)
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Gerhard Köbler : Historical Lexicon of the German Lands. The German territories from the Middle Ages to the present. 7th, completely revised edition. CH Beck, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-406-54986-1 , p. 490 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- ↑ See BSLK , p. 16 and p. 764.
- ↑ Bertold Picard: In the midst of us the dead prince. Franz Ludwig zu Öttingen-Wallerstein, killed in the Battle of Hanau, buried in Großauheim . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein 1844 1844 eV: Hanau in the Napoleonic era = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 47. Hanau, undated [approx. 2015]. ISBN 978-3-935395-21-3 , pp. 279-293.
literature
- Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Volume IX, CA Starke Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-7980-0816-7 (= Adelslexikon , Complete Series Volume 116) (including further references).
- Dieter Kudorfer: The county of Oettingen: territorial inventory u. internal structure (around 1140 to 1806) (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Swabia . II, 3). Michael Laßleben, Kallmünz 1985, ISBN 978-3-7696-9936-4 ( digitized version ).
- Teresa Neumeyer: Dinkelsbühl. The former district commission for Bavarian regional history Munich 2018 (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, 40th Francs I), ISBN 978-3-7696-6562-8 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
- European family tables. Family tables on the history of the European states , vol. V. Edited by Frank Baron Freytag von Loringhoven from the estate. by Detlev Schwennicke, Marburg 1978, plates 152–155.
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Oettingen-Wallerstein, the princes of, genealogy . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 21st part. Imperial-Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1870, p. 29 ( digital copy ).
- Volker von Volckamer: Oettingen, counts and princes too. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , pp. 472-474 ( digitized version ).
- Jacob Paul Lang: Materials on Older and Newer History of Oettingen , Vol. 2, Wallerstein 1773.
- Zedler's Large Complete Universal Lexicon , Vol. 25, Leipzig and Halle 1740, Sp. 801–820.
Web links
- Coat of arms of the Oettingen in Nikolaus Bertschi's book of coats of arms, especially of German families , Augsburg 1515
- Coat of arms of the Oettingen in the anthology of several heraldic books , southern Germany (Augsburg?) Around 1530
- Oettingen on GenWiki (with further links)
- Genealogy Oettingen on genealogy.euweb.cz