Spielberg Castle (Gnotzheim)

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Spielberg Castle
Spielberg Castle, aerial photo (2020)
Creation time :	probably first half of the 12th century
Castle type :	Hilltop castle
Conservation status:	receive
Standing position :	Count
Construction:	circumferential curtain wall
Place:	Spielberg
Geographical location	49 ° 2 '44.5 "  N , 10 ° 42' 53.7"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 2 '44.5 "  N , 10 ° 42' 53.7"  E
Height:	598  m above sea level NHN

The Spielberg Castle is a Middle Franconian castle in the Franconian Alb in the Bavarian district of Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen . It is located around eight kilometers south of Gunzenhausen , above the Gnotzheim district of Spielberg on the Hagbuck ( 598  m above sea  level ), which is partly wooded on its slopes , the northwest end of the Hahnenkamm .

history

In the 12th and 13th centuries, Spielberg Castle belonged to the castle system of the Counts of Truhendingen, who from the middle of the 12th century worked as governors of the Eichstätt monastery in this area, probably because of the territorial claim to a donation from Emperor Heinrich III. to the Eichstätt Monastery as early as 1053. In some documents from the first half of the 12th century, a Tibertus (Dyepertus) de Spilberg appears as a witness of the Nuremberg burgrave, in one of the documents also together with Fridericus and Adalbertus von Truhendeingen. However, whether this Tibertus was a ministerial of the Truhendinger or how perhaps this was also a Vogt of Eichstätt is not initially clear. A document dated August 20, 1150 again mentions Tibertus (Dieppertus de Spileberc there) with the comment "Spielberg in prinipatu Oettingense" (in the Oettingen rule) as a witness. This means that the time the castle was built can be limited to the first half of the 12th century at the latest. Schäfer argues that this Tibertus von Spielberg is identical with the Dietprecht / Diephart von Gnotzheim mentioned in 1130. A local nobility from the town of Gnotzheim below the castle is already occupied by Pertholt von Gnozzesheim around 1099.

After their extinction, it came to the Counts of Oettingen in 1363 and later became the ancestral seat of the Oettingen-Spielberg line, which was prince in 1734 . In 1796 the plant became Prussian , in 1806 it came to Bavaria. In 1827 Prince Carl Philipp von Wrede bought the castle at auction and handed it over to his daughter, Princess Amalie zu Oettingen-Spielberg, to whose descendants it belonged until Prince Albrecht zu Oettingen-Spielberg entrusted the ruinous castle complex to the Steinacker family of artists in 1983 .

The entire system from around 1400 was rebuilt several times inside. In the years 1625 to 1627 the so-called manor house (Palas) was built. About a century later, in the years between 1730 and 1735, Prince Johann Alois I von Oettingen (1707 - 1780) carried out a representative interior design of the three-story main building and the castle chapel (first mentioned in 1427) in the early Rococo style. Most recently, the Wemdingen sculptor and painter Ernst Steinacker (1919 - 2008), who together with his family designed every room in the castle between 1983 and 1987, turned the complex into a museum and turned it into a total work of art. Ernst Steinacker sculptures and paintings, which revolve around the ensouling and unification of the human image, have since shaped the palace complex, the palace courtyard and the surrounding meadow strips belonging to the complex. Today's castle gallery presents the Ernst Steinacker collection and shows works of art by Ernst Steinacker's wife Ingrid and their children Veit Steinacker and Annette Steinacker – Holst.

Photo gallery

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  Spielberg Castle (2006)

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  Spielberg Castle. Entrance gate

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  Bell tower

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  Spielberg Castle, aerial photo (2016)

literature

• Huber, Wilhelm, Schloss Spielberg and its owners, in: Alt-Gunzenhausen, contributions to the history of the city and the district, ed. v. Association for local history, city and district of Gunzenhausen, issue 28/1958, pp. 25–31
• Braun, Joseph / Fink, Johannes, From Past Days, Contributions to the History of Gnotzheim and Spielberg, [On the 900th Anniversary of Gnotzheim], Gunzenhausen, 1977
• Grünenwald, Elisabeth, Burgen und Schlösser im Ries, in: Verein Rieser Kulturtage (ed.), Documentation, Volume III / 1980, Nördlingen, 1981, pp. 90–121, here especially p. 111
• Winter, Martin, On the early history of the rule Gnotzheim - Spielberg, in: Alt-Gunzenhausen, contributions to the history of the city and the surrounding area, [Editor: Verein für Heimatkunde Gunzenhausen], issue 40/1983, pp. 17-28.
• Buchner, Siglinde, possession and rule of the noble lords of Spielberg, in: Alt-Gunzenhausen, contributions to the history of the city and the surrounding area, [publisher: Verein für Heimatkunde Gunzenhausen], issue 59/2004, S: 72-107.
• Gotthard Kießling: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume V.70 / 1 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-87490-581-0 , p. 188-191 . .
• Steinacker, Ernst, Spielberg Castle, a landmark in Altmühlfranken, Nördlingen, 1990.
• Steinacker, Ernst, Spielberg Castle, [With texts by Ernst Steinacker, Veit Steinacker and Edith Eberle-Dobiasch], Dinkelsbühl, 2000.

Web links

Wikisource: Vom Spielberger Schloß and Bierkeller  - Sources and full texts

Commons : Burg Spielberg (Gnotzheim)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website Schloss Spielberg, Ernst Steinacker Collection
• Website Kunstmuseum Donau-Ries, Wemding, Jahnstrasse 1

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Map services ( Memento of the original from December 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. of the BfN 
2. ↑ Document of May 17, 1053 - Regest of the Bishops of Eichstätt, 1, p. 13 "
3. ↑ Annual report of the historical association in the Rezat district, Volume 6
4. ↑ Markus Schäfer: Cronheim - a stage destination for the Staufer? , 2018
5. ↑ Spielberg Castle - Franconian Lake District .