Burgstall Buschel

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Burgstall Buschel
Creation time : Early medieval ramparts, high medieval tower hill
Castle type : Hilltop castle, spur position, moth
Conservation status: Castle stable, ramparts, moats and a tower hill have been preserved
Standing position : Ministerial Headquarters
Place: Treuchtlingen - "Burgstallberg"
Geographical location 48 ° 57 '8.6 "  N , 10 ° 54' 53.7"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 57 '8.6 "  N , 10 ° 54' 53.7"  E
Height: 430  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Buschel (Bavaria)
Burgstall Buschel

The popularly Postal bushels called hilltop castle is an unknown Outbound probably early medieval ramparts at 430  m above sea level. NN , which was followed in the south by a high medieval tower castle (Motte), and which once rose southeast of Treuchtlingen on the edge of the Burgstallberg. Today's ring wall is located about 430 meters from the historic center of Treuchtlingen in the Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen district in Bavaria , Germany . Nothing is known to this day about the history of this hill fort or the hill fort. Today the ring wall, other ramparts and ditches and possibly the site of a tower hill castle are still visible of the object, which is protected as a ground monument.

history

The time when this castle was founded is not known, but as early medieval ceramic shards were found during an excavation in 1896 and 1897 by General von Popp, an erection during this time is conceivable. The design of the system also speaks for this dating. However, there are also finds that date from the Neolithic Age, so this mountain was also visited during this time.

The tower hill located immediately south of the ramparts, on the other hand, dates from the High Middle Ages. The motte was probably the seat of the local aristocracy until this family moved to what is now Treuchtlingen 's city ​​palace in 1346 as the "Nidern Veste" , or Lower Veste .

description

The ring wall is located at the tip of a northwest-facing spur of the vineyard, the so-called Burgstallberg in the Burgställein forest department. This spur is protected to the west by the slope that descends steeply to the valley of the Altmühl , and to the north the mountain slope drops steeply into a former swamp area.

The oval rampart, directed from northeast to southwest, has a diameter of around 110 by 80 meters. Its north-west and north-east side follow the mountain slope, the remaining, only slightly steeply sloping sides, are closed by a semicircular wall section. On the east side of this ring wall , another semicircular wall is connected to it, which begins in the north at the inner wall ring and in the south connects to the southern part of the ring wall at approximately right angles. These two parts of the facility were protected on the sides most at risk of attack in the east and south by a ditch with an outer wall; a forest path now runs over the southern part of the wall. In contrast to the two inner walls made of dry stone walls, this outer wall consists only of a fill of earth.

During the excavations in 1896/97, cuts were made at several points in the wall, which revealed a dry stone wall up to two meters thick . This stone wall was connected by clay and sand . According to estimates of the rubble, the former height of the wall was about 2.50 meters, today it is supposed to be 1.50 meters high. Furthermore, an open hearth is said to have been found in the south-western area of ​​the inner wall ring in a depression in the ground; it was formed by larger stone blocks, in the vicinity there were remains of charcoal, animal bones and ceramic shards.

The tower hill, located about 145 meters south in the meadow area and now lined with trees, has an oval floor plan with a largest diameter of about 30 meters. Its slopes were cut off and a semicircular rampart was placed before it east.

literature

  • Ingrid Burger-Segl, Walter E. Keller: Archaeological Hikes, Volume 3: Middle Altmühltal and Franconian Lake District . Verlag Walter E. Keller, Treuchtlingen 1993, ISBN 3-924828-58-X , pp. 32-34.
  • Konrad Spindler (edit.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 14: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district - Archeology and history . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0493-4 , pp. 212-217.
  • Helmut-Eberhard Paulus: Burgstall and ramparts . In: Konrad Spindler (edit.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 15: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district - monuments and sites . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0504-3 , pp. 188-189.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ingrid Burger-Segl, Walter E. Keller: Archaeological Hikes, Volume 3: Middle Altmühltal and Franconian Lake District , p. 32 ff.
  2. ↑ Konrad Spindler (edit.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 14: Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen - Archeology and History . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0493-4 , p. 212 ff.
  3. ↑ Konrad Spindler (edit.): Guide to archaeological monuments in Germany, Volume 14: Landkreis Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen - Archeology and History . Konrad Theiss Verlag , Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0493-4 , p. 214 ff.