Army

Army City of Salzgitter
Coordinates: 52 ° 7 ′ 30 ″  N , 10 ° 23 ′ 12 ″  E
Height :	101  (91-102)  m
Area :	8.52 km²
Residents :	1094  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	128 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	April 1, 1942
Incorporated into:	Watenstedt-Salzgitter
Postal code :	38229
Area code :	05341
Location of Heerte in Salzgitter

Heerte is one of the total of 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the village of West . Heerte belonged to the Wolfenbüttel district until March 31, 1942, and on April 1, 1942, an administrative act made it part of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter. On January 23, 1951, it was officially renamed Salzgitter .

history

The present army was first mentioned in 1022 in Bishop Bernwards' founding document of the St. Michael monastery in Hildesheim . In this document, the monastery church lands between Hedelendorp (today's Salzgitter-Hallendorf) and Dusuhem (today: Dutzum) are awarded.

At that time there were already three districts, all of which had this name. The largest of these three places was Groß- or Kirchheerte. The name suggests that the only church in the three districts stood here. The place was also called Drec-Heerte - the prefix Drec refers to the swampy nature of the area. Kirchheerte was located in a south-westerly direction from today's Heerte. The third place was Klein- or Nord-Heerte, west of today's Heerte and north of Kirchheerte. The place name Kirchheerte is mentioned for the last time in 1391, its inhabitants moved to the vicinity of Gebhardshagen Castle, which gave protection . Both Klein- and Kirch-Heerte fell in desolation at the beginning of the 15th century.

Earlier mentions of the place name were Heredishem (1022), Herithe (1161), Herethe (1209), Ostherte (1335/1363) and Groten Heerte (1412) for today's army and Kerchherete (1238), Kercherte (1323), Drecherete (1386 ) for church or large armies. For small or northern army one finds the names Nordherete (1315), Minori Herde (1331), Northerte (1363) and Lütken Herde (1568). The place name Heerte is derived from the Low German word har , which means something like sharp , and refers to the hill on the edge of the Fuhse on which Heerte is located.

As early as the 13th century, Heerte belonged to the Barumer Gau of the Salder office, which at that time formed part of Eastern Westphalia . Since 1235 Heerte was part of the Duchy of Braunschweig .

During the Napoleonic period, Heerte belonged to the second Muniz of the canton Salder in the Braunschweig district in the Oker department of the Kingdom of Westphalia . From 1814 Heerte belonged to the district court of Salder, later the Salder office, in which the cantons Gebhardshagen, Lesse and Salder were combined. On April 1, 1942, Heerte was incorporated into the newly founded town of Watenstedt-Salzgitter.

Until 1937 Heerte was a purely agricultural place. With the establishment of the Reichswerke Hermann Göring in 1937, large parts of the land belonging to Heerte were confiscated and the farmers were relocated. Several barracks were set up around Heerte to accommodate skilled workers from home and abroad. Since then, Heerte has transformed into a place where mainly people live who work in the surrounding industrial plants.

Volunteer firefighter

Fire station of the Salzgitter-Heerte volunteer fire department

When the law relating to fire aid came into force in the Duchy of Braunschweig on April 2, 1874, the Heertes volunteer fire brigade was already two years old. In 1875 it already had 32 members. Initially, the fire brigade formed a fire fighting district together with Hallendorf and Watenstedt , but soon switched to fire fighting district 28, which still included the villages of Barum, Cramme and Lobmachtersen. Today Heertes fire brigade belongs to the fire fighting district III of the city of Salzgitter.

Just 13 years after it was founded, the fire brigade received its own syringe house. In addition to the fire engine, this initially also housed the community's hearse. In 1974 there was no longer enough space for a new fire engine and after an interim solution, a new fire station was inaugurated in 1988 . The volunteer fire brigade now includes a minstrel train (founded in 1975), and since 1974 a youth fire brigade and a children's fire brigade .

Population development

A description of the village has been preserved from 1802, according to which Heerte has 55 fire places with 500 inhabitants. The following buildings are listed: a writing yard, a school, a church, two farmyards, four half-span farms, 40 Kothöfe and a Brinkitz place. Further information is only available again from the end of the 19th century: 1885 - 467 residents, 1890 - 468 residents, 1904 - 481 residents and in 1933 there are 429 residents.

In the census of May 17, 1939, 172 households with 715 inhabitants were recorded. There were also 1108 labor service men in the population who belonged to Reichsarbeitsgruppe 188 and who were housed in barracks on Strauchholz in the vicinity of Heerte.

After 1945 the stream of refugees and displaced persons came along, so that in 1950 there were 1936 inhabitants in the village and the surrounding camps. With the dissolution of the last barrack camps in 1960/61, the number decreased to around 1200, at the end of 2009 there were fewer than 1000 inhabitants for the first time since the war began. In the following three years the population increased again slightly and stayed at just over 1000 inhabitants.

Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.

religion

Evangelical Church of St. Petri

St. Petri Church in Salzgitter-Heerte

Until the beginning of the 15th century, today's army did not have its own church - it was in the neighboring church army. When this place was abandoned and fell desolate, Heerte received its own church building. The church in Heerte was first mentioned in writing in 1542. At that time Heerte belonged to the Church of Barum, but had its own chaplain. After the Thirty Years War , Heerte was separated from Barum and, together with Lobmachtersen, formed a parish from 1661.

The main book of the Heerter Church from 1751 contains a description of the church building. Here it says: The church is bricked up to the roof and consists of three parts: 1. The choir is 23 feet long (one Brunswick foot = 28.54 cm). 13 feet wide and 16 feet high. 2. The middle section is 34 feet long, 26 feet wide and 20 feet high. 3. The tower holds 53 feet in the square, 50 feet high. From a renovation in 1795 there is still an inscription in the church tower that reads: This house, dedicated to the common worship of the great God and the Father of men, was built in the year MDCCLXXXXV: BHH Pastor F. Teichmann.

On January 14, 1945, the nave was completely destroyed in an air raid - but the tower was only slightly damaged. It was not until 1953 that sufficient funds were available to enable a new building. The design provided for the new building of the nave in a modern form, the old Romanesque tower should be preserved. The new church was consecrated on October 17, 1954. The parish of Heerte with Barum , Beinum , Lobmachtersen and Cramme has been part of the Barum-Lobmachtersen parish association since 2007 . Today the church in Heerte is the northernmost church of the Salzgitter-Bad Provostry. The St. Petri day-care center also belongs to the parish.

Former catholic emergency chapel

After 1945, an increasing number of Catholics from the former German eastern regions settled in Heerte. Therefore, after the Catholic service was held in various profane rooms, a Catholic emergency chapel was set up in a camp barrack, which was looked after by clergy from the neighboring district of Gebhardshagen. After the barracks had to be evacuated because the camp was demolished, a new emergency chapel was set up south of the Protestant church in 1960 in the hall of a former restaurant on Querstraße. In 1986 this emergency chapel was also given up and the building was demolished afterwards, the services then took place in a house on the other side of the cross street until the beginning of the 1990s. The plan to build a chapel on the outskirts of a plot of land that had already been purchased in the 1960s was not implemented. Today the Catholic residents of Heerte belong to the parish of St. Marien in Salzgitter-Bad with the St. Gabriel branch church in nearby Gebhardshagen.

politics

Local council

→ Main article : West locality

coat of arms

The heraldic shield is divided diagonally into white and blue, each with a flying crane in mixed up colors .

The cranes represent the nearby Heerter See, where many rare water birds have settled. The migratory birds shown in the opposite direction of flight symbolize the bird flight that takes place in spring and autumn, on which the animals regularly make stops at Lake Heerter. The color division of the escutcheon is intended to represent the sunny south and the rough north, where the cranes alternate.

The coat of arms was accepted as the local coat of arms of Salzgitter-Heerte by a citizens' meeting in November 2008.

Heerter See

→ Main articles : Heerter See and Heerter Strauchholz forest area

Heerter See - north bank with observation station

Lookout tower on the south bank of the lake

The Heerter See was artificially created in 1951 as clarification pond III south of Heerte. The construction had become necessary because the capacity of the clarification ponds 1 and 2 (today: heron pond) located near Gebhardshagen and previously used for ore mining was exhausted. After the ore mining in the Salzgitter area ceased, the flushing was stopped in 1976. The lake originally had a total area of ​​272 hectares. Today, depending on the water level, 120–160 hectares are covered by water, the rest are large areas of mud. More than 50% of these are now covered with reeds and thus offer the bird world an ideal breeding ground.

In 1984 the lake and its shoreline areas were designated as a nature reserve "Clarification pond III near Salzgitter-Heerte". The area was later designated as a bird sanctuary. It was declared a European reserve in 1992 and included in the list of European bird reserves. In 2007 the NABU Foundation for National Cultural Heritage took over the lake together with the adjacent forest areas from Preussag Immobilien GmbH . In 2017 the nature reserve became part of the newly designated nature reserve " Heerter See and Heerter Strauchholz ".

A circular hiking trail leads around the lake and NABU Salzgitter has set up observation towers at two points, from which the numerous species of birds can be easily observed.

According to NABU censuses, Heerter See and the adjacent areas are breeding, resting or migration areas for more than 300 bird species. Cranes, ospreys, cormorants, bitterns, black and gray woodpeckers can be observed. As rare plant species, the potash salt herb, common salt swath, mane barley, spit log as well as various orchids and various types of gentians are mentioned.

economy

In the center of Heerte is the company Rudolph & Sohn, a manufacturer of dump trucks. The company was founded in 1925 by master blacksmith Karl Rudolph sen. founded and is now in the third generation of family ownership.

literature

• Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area . Self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, 1970, p. 477 .
• Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the Wolfenbüttel district and the city of Salzgitter . Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 184 ff .
• Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Salzgitter - Past and Present of a German City - 1942–1992 . Verlag CH Beck Munich, 1992, ISBN 3-406-35573-0 .
• Reinhard Försterling, Sigrid Lux, Gudrun Pischke: Calbecht, Engerode, Gebhardshagen, Heerte . West town in old views. Archive of the City of Salzgitter, Salzgitter 2003, ISBN 3-930292-15-7 , p. 375-500 .
• Otto Kaufmann and Ewald Brandstäter: Small Chronicle of Heerte 1947–1955, supplemented in 1986 . Archives of the City of Salzgitter, Salzgitter (approx. 1986).
• Literature about Heerte in the catalog of the DNB

Web links

Commons : Heerte  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Casemir, Place Names , pp. 184–187
2. ^ Wiswe, Flurnamen , p. 477.
3. ↑ Heerte marching band
4. ↑ Page no longer available , search in web archives: Heerte Youth Fire Brigade
5. ^ City of Salzgitter: Children and youth fire brigades
6. ↑ Kleine Chronik von Heerte , pp. 63–64
7. ^ Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).  
8. ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter). 
9. ^ Propstei Salzgitter-Bad: Municipalities in the LAND design area
10. ↑ Two flying cranes as a symbol for army , Salzgitter Zeitung of November 15, 2008, p. 27
11. ↑ Heerter See in Salzgitter. (PDF; 108 kB) NABU Foundation for National Natural Heritage, accessed on March 14, 2010 .