Lichtenberg (Salzgitter)
|
Lichtenberg
City of Salzgitter
|
|
|---|---|
 |
|
| Height : | 136 m |
| Area : | 8.83 km² |
| Residents : | 3305 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density : | 374 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | April 1, 1942 |
| Incorporated into: | Watenstedt-Salzgitter |
| Postal code : | 38228 |
| Area code : | 05341 |
 Location of Lichtenberg in Salzgitter
|
|
 View from the Heimkehrer-Kreuz to Lichtenberg
|
|
Salzgitter-Lichtenberg is one of the total of 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the north-west region . The place was formed in 1857 as a merger of the places Ober- and Niederfreden with the domain Lichtenberg and the Vorwerk Altenhagen . The name of the place is derived from the nearby Lichtenberg Castle . Lichtenberg belonged to the district of Wolfenbüttel until March 31, 1942 and became part of the then large city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter through an administrative act on April 1, 1942. On January 23, 1951, it was officially renamed Salzgitter .
history
Place name and time of foundation
The name Lichtenberg is traced back to the name of a place on or near the clear mountain , which is used to describe the conspicuous mountain made of light limestone. The name is first mentioned in 1180 in the Steterburg annals as Liechtinberc .
The place name Freden is derived from the Old Saxon word frithu (peace), which was used to designate a legally protected district. A first reference to the common place Ober- / Niederfreden comes from 1226, in which a place Frethen is mentioned. Niederfreden was first mentioned in a document from 1363, there is talk of tho Vreden in the nedderen dorpe . Oberfreden is mentioned for the first time in 1331 with Ecclesie superiori in Vredene subtus Liechtenberg (i.e. church in upper Freden below Lichtenberg), in the document from 1363 there is talk of tho Vreden in deme overen dorpe .
Since 5./6. In the 15th century, the northern Harz foreland belonged to the Duchy of Saxony . At that time Freden was in the border area of the Astfala -, Lera - and Salzgau, however, due to the uncertain borders, an exact assignment of the Fredener places to one of these districts is not possible. The place was on the old Mindener Heerstrasse and the Magdeburg Königsweg.
Nieder- and Oberfreden
The first modern settlement in the area of today's Lichtenberg was Niederfreden, which was originally called Freden. In terms of its name, Freden is one of the ithi locations that are among the oldest settlements in Lower Saxony. From the archaeological finds, a complete development can be proven from the 5th to 6th century.
Oberfreden was created in the 9th or 10th century. Originally, it was a fortified structure that was built to protect the military road Minden-Hildesheim and the junction to Okerfurt near Ohrum and the episcopal city of Halberstadt . To distinguish the two settlements, the place names Ober- and Niederfreden were formed, which refer to their location on the ridge of the Lichtenberge .
Little Freden
Klein Freden was north of Lichtenberg in the area of today's Fredenberg district of Lebenstedter . Broken pieces show that the place was created in the Carolingian era of the 8th century. The place was first mentioned in 1180 in the Steterburg annals as in parvo Vreden . Klein Freden belonged to the prince-bishopric of Hildesheim and was sold in 1339 to the neighboring bailiwick of Lichtenberg, which was already owned by the Guelphs at that time . The residents of Klein Freden were resettled in the shelter of nearby Oberfreden and the settlement fell into desolation .
Freden ramparts
Remains of a round wall were discovered below the settlement of Klein Freden, which indicate a fortification from the 8th or 9th century. This wall is said to have existed around 1870 and was "about as high as a house". This circular wall is related to others that were located along an old military road from Hildesheim via the Ohrum ford to Wolfenbüttel and Braunschweig and offered protection to travelers. Such round walls were located near Osterlinde (Apenburg), Salder (built over by the Salder train station), south of Heerte the Arzburg (built over by the clarification pond III / Heerter See ) and the Schalksburg east of Groß Flöthe . The remnants of the ramparts of Klein Freden are built over today by the Autobahn 39.
Office Lichtenberg
Around 1300 belonged to the Vogtei Lichtenberg in addition to the two Fredener villages, the places Bleckenstedt and Barbecke , the seat of the office was the Lichtenberg Castle. In 1352 the eastern Barumer Gau was assigned to the administrative district of the castle. In the middle of the 15th century the Lichtenberg office had reached its greatest extent: in the north it reached to Barbecke and Broistedt , in the south to Gebhardshagen and Calbecht , in the east to Watenstedt and Cramme and in the west to Burgdorf and Westerlinde. Between 1539 and 1542 the Gebhardshagen office was founded and the place was spun off together with Calbecht, Lobmachtersen and Leinde , and later also Heerte, which meant that the Lichtenberg office lost a large part of its southeastern area of influence. After Lichtenberg Castle was destroyed in 1552, the administrative headquarters were moved to the Lichtenberg domain. In 1774, Duke Karl I (1735–1780) ordered the merger of the previously independent offices of Lichtenberg, Gebhardshagen and Salder to form the office of Salder. However, it was not until 1795 that after the death of the last previous head of office, administration was in one hand, and the seat of the office has been Salder Castle ever since .
Affiliation of the place
Since the time of Henry the Lion , who was Duke of Saxony from 1142 to 1180, the Lichtenberg Castle he built and the surrounding towns belonged to the Guelphs' domain. From this the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg emerged in 1235 , after its division in 1269 the place fell to the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .
In 1614, Duke Friedrich Ullrich granted the villages of Nieder- and Oberfreden market rights (Johannis and Martini markets). This was previously due to Nienstedt and had become free again after the place between Barbecke and Lesse had fallen desolate. The last market day was held here in 1950.
Between October 1806 and the Battle of Leipzig in 1813, the place belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia and had been assigned to the canton Gebhardshagen in the Braunschweig district of the Oker department since December 24, 1807 . On December 30, 1813, the returned Duke Friedrich Wilhelm took possession of his dominion again. On February 22, 1814, the former cantons Gebhardshagen, Salder and Lesse were merged into a new district court Salder (later district office Salder), which from 1833 belonged to the district administration Wolfenbüttel as Salder office.
As early as the middle of the 18th century, the places Nieder- and Oberfreden and the domain Lichtenberg had grown so closely together that the boundaries could no longer be precisely determined. As a result of this development, Ober- and Niederfreden as well as the Lichtenberg domain and the Altenhagen suburb were merged on January 1, 1857, to form the Lichtenberg community.
After the First World War , the Duchy of Braunschweig became the Free State of Braunschweig - from 1933 the State of Braunschweig - and Lichtenberg became part of the Wolfenbüttel district . Since April 1, 1942, Lichtenberg has belonged to the newly founded town of Watenstedt-Salzgitter - today's Salzgitter.
Domain Lichtenberg
The domain yard was on the eastern outskirts of Niederfreden. During demolition work in 1964/65, parts of an old cross-vaulted cellar were uncovered, which was dated to around 1200 and is therefore the oldest part of the building. The domain courtyard can be divided into four sections. In the north is the oldest part of the shepherd's garden with the sheep farm. To the south of it is the Amtshof, in which the Amt Lichtenberg was housed from 1552. To the west is the pig farm. In 1852/53 the manor house, which is still preserved today, was built in the southern part of the domain courtyard, including the park in the east of the site and the craft workshops in the western part, such as the wheelwright, blacksmith and windmill.
The Lichtenberg domain was closed on July 1, 1962. In connection with the planned construction of the Fredenberg district of Lebenstadt, living space for the rapidly growing population was to be created on the farm's agricultural land. In the years 1964/65 the buildings of the domain were demolished, only a small part of the southern area with the former manor house and a short piece of the former 850 meter long surrounding wall of the domain area remained.
Vorwerk Altenhagen
The Vorwerk Altenhagen was a former pertinence of the Lichtenberg estate. It was first mentioned in a sales deed in 1342 as "Oldenhagen". The Vorwerk was combined with the domain Lichtenberg in 1706.
Lichtenberg windmills
Lichtenberg post mill
The oldest mill in Lichtenberg was built in 1810 on the northern outskirts of Niederfreden. It is a post mill with one grinder that was in operation until the 1950s. The mill has been a listed building since 1964. It was extensively renovated in 1965 and most recently in 1999/2000.
Mill of the Lichtenberg domain
This mill was built in 1889/90 in the southern part of the estate next to a barn and a forge. It was a Dutch mill, which was rare in this region , in which only the head of the mill with the wind turbine was turned into the wind while the mill building was stationary. The wind turbine had a diameter of 12 meters, and two grist mills and a gang saw were operated in the mill. In 1912/13 the mill received an electric drive. In 1964/65 the mill, which was no longer in operation at that time, was demolished along with the other buildings in the domain.
Altenhagen mine
As early as 1852, the Brunswick Chamber Councilor August von Strombeck (1809–1900) described the iron ore deposit in the Eschwege mine field near Altenhagen. This was in the forest village of Colli near the Altenhagen plant. The mined iron ore was smelted - along with ore from other mines - in the Wilhelmshütte in Bornum am Harz . On a wooden plaque that was found during excavation work on an old tunnel mouth hole in the Eschwege field , it read "Find 1838, the iron stone production started in 1839, the tunnel 1848".
In the course of the establishment of the Reichswerke Hermann Göring and the associated expansion of the iron ore mining in Salzgitter, the nearby Haverlahwiese mine was opened in 1938 . A shaft was also planned for this ore mine near the old Altenhagen works. This shaft, which like all other main shafts outside the deposit was, was 333 meters from the middle of September 1938 sunk , The shaft had a diameter of five meters and had to work as a weather - and Seilfahrt slot provided. At the same time as the sinking work, the daytime facilities were also set up (shaft hall, hoisting machine and boiler house, laundry, administration, workshops). In late 1939 the Teuf- was filtered through a headframe replaced and a new carrier mounted. The total ore recovered in Haverlahwiese was in the central main production well Haverlahwiese I to day brought.
As a result of the sales crisis for Salzgitter ores, most of the ore mines in Salzgitter were closed in the mid / late 1960s. In November 1968 the cableway in the Altenhagen shaft was stopped and in February 1969 the ore mining in the Altenhagen field was also stopped. After the shutdown, the daytime facilities were leased from Altenhagen, and the shaft was still used as an extending weather shaft. After the mining of the Haverlahwiese mine ceased on June 30, 1982, its shafts were filled in 1983 and sealed with load-bearing plates. The facilities that were not leased were demolished. To commemorate mining, an ore-loaded mine truck was set up on the former route of the miners from Lichtenberg to the Altenhagen mine .
railroad
The railway line of the Braunschweigische Landes-Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft leading from Braunschweig via Thiede , Heerte and Lichtenberg to Derneburg was completed in the summer of 1886, and the Lichtenberg station was put into operation on July 18, 1886. In addition to passenger traffic, mainly agricultural goods were transported. Taking into account the expected day trippers, the railway line was built close to the site, although this meant that a steep intermediate section had to be accepted. Freight traffic in particular was affected by this and so the heavy beet trains had to be split up in the Salder station in front, as the locomotives at the time could not handle the steep section of the route any other way.
Due to the increasing motorization, the volume of rail transport already decreased in the 1920s. At the beginning of the 1950s, the line was modernized again and the Lichtenberg train station received another track, but the line was used less and less. In 1949 seven pairs of trains stopped in Lichtenberg every day, 10 years later there were only five on weekdays and only three on Sundays. Since 1982 there have been no trains running on the weekends and on June 1, 1984 the train service was completely stopped. The tracks were dismantled in the same year and the station building was demolished in 1985. Most of the old railway line near Lichtenberg is built over today by the Autobahn 39.
Population development
A register of residents from 1777 has been preserved from an old church register, according to which there were 123 households with 470 people in Oberfreden and 62 households with 264 people in Niederfreden. By 1821 the population rose to around 1,000. Major changes did not occur again until after the Second World War, when the population rose by more than 60% to over 1,500 in 1946 due to the influx of many refugees and displaced persons. The growing demand was met on the one hand by the creation of new living space in the old local area, on the other hand new residential areas were created in the northeast. Further housing requirements resulted from the upswing in industry in the Salzgitter area, in particular the construction of the nearby Blaupunkt plant and the Volkswagen plant near Beddingen. In addition, Lichtenberg enjoyed the reputation of a "preferred residential area" in the Salzgitter area due to its location on the Salzgitter ridge. This led to the fact that the population doubled from 1600 in 1950 to 2000, and in 2008 the highest level was reached with 3351 inhabitants.
Until after the First World War, Lichtenberg was predominantly characterized by agriculture. Due to increasing mechanization and better wages in the surrounding industrial plants, a large part of the workforce changed. The number of farms also decreased, so that in 1987 there were only 10 full-time farms.
.svg)
|
|
|
Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.
religion
Protestant church
Up until the beginning of the 19th century there was a separate church in both places, Ober- and Niederfreden. The origin of these two church buildings cannot be precisely dated, but archaeological finds indicate that the Niederfredener church was built around 1100, while the first construction phases of the Oberfredener church are dated to the end of the 12th century. The third church was a chapel at Lichtenberg Castle, which was looked after from Oberfreden. When the castle was conquered by the troops of Count Vollrad von Mansfeld in 1552 , this chapel was destroyed.
The first written mention of the Oberfredener church can be found in a document from 1332 about the sale of land to the church, a Dominus Thidericus plebanus is mentioned as the pastor at that time . The Niederfredener church is mentioned for the first time a little later, on February 2, 1336, when the knight Burchard von Salder was given land and the church fiefdom to Vreden .
Since the Christianization of the country at the beginning of the 9th century, the two Freden churches have belonged to the Archidiaconate Lengede of the Diocese of Hildesheim. Lengede also included the churches of Barbecke, Broistedt, Bruchmachtersen, Engelnstedt , Lesse, Reppner , Salder, Westerlinde and Woltwiesche .
The Reformation was first introduced in the country in 1542 . When Charles V defeated the Schmalkald troops five years later and Duke Heinrich the Younger was able to return to his duchy, he ordered the return to the Catholic faith. It was only his son Duke Julius who finally introduced the Reformation in 1568. Based on the model from 1542, the area of today's Salzgitter belonged to the three general superintendentes Bockenem , Gandersheim and Wolfenbüttel. Niederfreden belonged to Bockenem and became the seat of a special superintendent, which included a total of 21 towns, including the neighboring churches of Oberfreden, Osterlinde, Lesse and Reppner.
At the beginning of the 17th century, the two parishes in Freden were merged. The service was held alternately in the two churches. However, it was not until 1854 that the ducal ministry of state and the consistory gave permission for the merger, at which time there was no church in Unterfreden for a long time.
Even after the union of Niederfreden and Oberfreden zu Lichtenberg, the place retained the status of a superintendent. Around 1900 this included the parishes of Barbecke, Berel, Burgdorf, Lesse, Oelber awW , Reppner, Westerlinde and Woltwiesche, later the Superintendentur Barum was affiliated. The St. Petrus congregation has been part of the Salzgitter-Lebenstedt provost since 1949 .
Church building of Niederfreden
On the Merian engraving from 1654, which shows Lichtenberg Castle and the towns of Ober- and Unterfreden, the church of St. Vitalis von Unterfreden is shown on the right edge. The picture shows a church tower, on the transverse side of which there is a nave with a double-offset gable roof. The building, constructed around 1100, was about 80 feet long, 20 feet wide, and 18 feet high. In the Corpus Bonorum of 1750 the church building is described as being in danger of collapsing. When this was dilapidated at the end of the 18th century and became too small for the community, it was decided to demolish it. The church building was demolished in 1820, the detached bell house (not shown on the Merian engraving) was preserved and was in operation until 1918. In November 1918 the bells were melted down and the bell house was demolished in 1920.
Church building of Oberfreden
During renovation work in 1974/75, the remains of the wall of a previous church were exposed. After that, in front of the current church building, there was a small chapel made of quarry stone, which had an almost square choir and an apse . On the west side there was a free-standing tower that had also served to protect the population.
The later church in Oberfreden, the construction time of which is unknown, is shown in the middle of the Merian stitch. At that time the tower had a pointed roof and the nave consisted of two sections of different heights. In the years 1709 to 1715 the building was extensively renovated, among other things the tower was replaced by a new building and the building got its current shape. In the Corpus Bonorum of 1750 the dimensions of the church are given as 90 feet long, 23 feet wide and 24 feet high. The steeple was then oval in shape and 80 feet high. In the middle of the 19th century the building was rebuilt again. The interior was painted around 1900, but was restored to its original color in 1955. The old altar and the pulpit above it, both made of wood, have been kept in the municipal museum Schloss Salder since the renovation work in 1974/75. During this work the side galleries were also removed. In addition to the old church bell from 1736, the church received a second, larger bell in 1959 to replace the bell that was melted down in 1942.
Catholic Church
After residents of the Saarland had been evacuated to the interior of the Reich territory in 1939, Catholic services were held in Lichtenberg in the hall of an inn. Lichtenberg was assigned to the newly founded local chaplaincy Lesse , which belonged to the parish vicarie "Reichswerke-Hermann-Göring-West" of the Wolfenbüttel parish of St. Petrus located in Krähenriede . In 1950, a Catholic chapel in the Lichtenberg domain (Burgbergstrasse 43) was inaugurated . In 1966/67 the little church of St. Johannes Bosco was built on the southern outskirts with an adjoining youth meeting place. Your parish vicarie "Salzgitter-Lichtenberg", which belonged to the parish of St. Michael (Salzgitter-Lebenstedt) , was affiliated in 1978 to the newly founded Kuratiegemeinde in Fredenberg. In the local St. Maximilian Kolbe Church there are also services for the Catholic residents of Lichtenberg, the Don Bosco Church is no longer used for regular services.
politics
Local council
coat of arms
The castle tower symbolizes Lichtenberg Castle , from which the place got its name. Lichtenberg emerged in 1857 from the localities Nieder- and Oberfreden, whose place name means something like peace or enclosure - this is symbolized by the shield border as a symbol of a fenced-in district. The linden leaves indicate the old judicial linden tree in the former Niederfreden - at this point the old Germanic tribes had come together for meetings and had spoken right. The coat of arms colors blue and yellow are the national colors of the Braunschweigischen country, with which the place was long connected.
The coat of arms was adopted by a citizens' meeting on September 11, 1991 as the local coat of arms of Salzgitter-Lichtenberg.
Economy and Infrastructure
Lichtenberg has numerous shops, including two supermarkets, the post office and two banks. There are regular bus connections to Lebenstedt and other parts of the city. The urban road network measures 16.8 kilometers.
education
There is a primary school in the village, named after Gerhard Gesemann . It is now called "Lichtenberg Elementary School". There is also a Protestant kindergarten. Secondary schools are located in the nearby district of Fredenberg.
Culture and sights
- Ruins of Lichtenberg Castle, built in the 12th century and destroyed in 1552 . There are still remnants of the fortifications and some foundation walls. In 1893 the local beautification association had a lookout tower built from the former keep . A fully functional replica of the Blide has been on the castle grounds since April 2005 .
- The "Gaußstein" is a stone plinth that Carl Friedrich Gauß (1777–1855) had erected around 1820 for surveying purposes for the Kingdom of Hanover . In addition to the Lichtenberger Stein, Gauß had other such stones set up in the area, for example in the ridges of the Hils (45 km away) and the Deister (55 km), on the Falkenberg in the district of Celle (approx. 100 km), Garßen near Celle ( 55 km) and the Wohldenberg near Meinersen (40 km). All bases were provided with a rotating mirror, the heliotrope invented by Gauss , so that they could be easily sighted even from a great distance in sunlight. With the help of these survey points, the map series of the Gaussian land survey was created from 1827 .
- Post mill from 1910 on the northern outskirts. The mill can be visited on German Milling Day and Open Monument Day .
sport and freetime
Lichtenberg has 19 clubs. There are also seven sports and football fields available.
literature
- Literature about Lichtenberg in the catalog of the DNB
- Lichtenberg . The history of a Brunswick village from its beginnings until today. In: Schönerungsverein Lichtenberg eV and archive of the city of Salzgitter, editors: Jörg Leuschner and Ursula Wolff (eds.): Contributions to city history . tape 5 . Appelhans, Salzgitter 1989, p. 565 .
- Karl Kummer: Festschrift for the centenary of Salzgitter-Lichtenberg . Ed .: City of Salzgitter. Salzgitter 1957.
- Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the district Wolfenbüttel and the city of Salzgitter (= Lower Saxony Place Name Book . Volume 3 ). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 152–155 and 227–228 (At the same time: Diss. University of Göttingen, 2002).
- Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area . Self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, Braunschweig 1970, p. 273–274 and 476–477 (at the same time: Diss. University of Göttingen, 1968).
- Mining in Salzgitter . The history of mining and the life of miners from the beginning to the present. In: Office for History, Culture and Homeland Preservation of the City of Salzgitter, Editing: Heinrich Korthöber, Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling and Sigrid Lux (eds.): Contributions to city history . 1st edition. tape 13 . Appelhans, Salzgitter 1997, ISBN 3-930292-05-X , chap. 20 , p. 131-160 .
- Heinz Kolbe: The history of iron ore mining in Salzgitter: Haverlahwiese ore area near Gebhardshagen, open-cast mining and civil engineering . In: Geschichtsverein Salzgitter eV (Ed.): Salzgitter yearbook 1983 . tape 5 . Salzgitter 1983, p. 10-38 .
- Church buildings in Salzgitter . In: Department for Public Relations of the City of Salzgitter (Ed.): Salzgitter Forum . tape 12 , 1986, pp. 46 and 86 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Casemir, Place Names , pp. 227–228
- ↑ a b Wiswe, Flurnamen , pp. 476–477
- ↑ a b Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Lichtenberg Office and Court, pp. 126–136
- ↑ a b c d Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Genesis, pp. 65–124
- ↑ Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Domain, pp. 137-151
- ↑ a b c d e Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Monuments, pp. 254-268
- ↑ a b Salzgitter Yearbook 1983 , pp. 10–38
- ↑ Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Mining, pp. 480-489
- ^ Mining in Salzgitter , pp. 131–160
- ↑ Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Railway, pp. 457-464
- ↑ Festschrift Lichtenberg , p. 37
- ↑ Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Agriculture, p. 350
- ^ Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).
- ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter).
- ↑ a b c d Chronicle Lichtenberg , chap. Kirchen, pp. 400-427
- ^ Thomas Flammer: National Socialism and the Catholic Church in the Free State of Braunschweig 1931–1945. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2013, pp. 160–161
- ↑ Bischöfliches Generalvikariat Hildesheim (ed.): Catholic worship in the diocese of Hildesheim. Hildesheim 1966, p. 74
- ↑ 40 years of St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe, Salzgitter-Fredenberg. May 19, 1977 - May 19, 2017. Salzgitter 2017, pp. 5, 6 and 21
- ^ Arnold Rabbow: New Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-926701-59-5 , p. 38 .
Web links
- Information about Salzgitter-Lichtenberg
- Lichtenberg Castle ( Memento from February 3, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
Barum | Condition | Legum | Bleckenstedt | Bruchmachtersen with Sukopsmühle | Calbecht | Drütte | Engelnstedt | Engerode | Flachstöckheim | Gebhardshagen | Grid | Big admonisher | Hallendorf | Army | Hohenrode | Immendorf | Lebenstedt with Fredenberg | Lesse | Lichtenberg with Altenhagen | Lobmachtersen | Ohlendorf with Gut Nienrode and the Schachtsiedlung | Osterlinde | Reppner | Ringelheim | Salder | Salzgitter-Bad | Sauingen | Thiede with Steterburg | Üfingen with Gut Nortenhof | Watenstedt