Flachstöckheim

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flachstöckheim
City of Salzgitter
Coat of arms of Salzgitter-Flachstöckheim
Coordinates: 52 ° 5 ′ 8 ″  N , 10 ° 26 ′ 23 ″  E
Height : 106 m
Area : 4.56 km²
Residents : 998  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 219 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1942
Incorporated into: Watenstedt-Salzgitter
Postal code : 38259
Area code : 05341
map
Location of Flachstöckheim in Salzgitter

Flachstöckheim is one of the total of 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the south-east region . Flachstöckheim belonged to the district of Goslar until March 31, 1942 and became part of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter through an administrative act on April 1, 1942. On January 23, 1951, it was officially renamed Salzgitter .

history

Place name and time of foundation

From a linguistic point of view, Flachstöckheim is one of the so-called “hêm” places, which in Old Saxon stood for “settlement” or “village”. Place names that end in -heim , “am” or “um” belong to this group . In the Salzgitter area, these places were created around the 5th and 6th centuries. The final word "stöck" of the place name is mostly traced back to the Old Saxon "stokk", which indicates a collection of tree stumps or trunks, probably an indication of the clearing history of the village. Another interpretation is based on the adjective "sticky" (for damming up of moisture), which describes the location of the place in a damp valley of the Fuhse . The place name initially varied only slightly from Stocheim (end of the 8th century), Stokem (1209) to Stockeim (1264). At the beginning of the 13th century the place name Vlaslande also appears , which refers to the flax production in the place. From 1349 both names are combined ( Flasstockem ), probably to better distinguish the place from the other Stöckheim places in the area. In 1590, the form "Flachstöckheim", which is used today, is found for the first time in a church visit book.

An assignment of early writings to the place Flachstöckheim turns out to be difficult, since there were five places with the name "Stöckheim" in the immediate vicinity: Flachstöckheim, Groß Stöckheim in the Wolfenbüttel district , the desert area Klein-Stöckheim near Fümmelse , a desert area Stockim am Harly near Lengde ( Vienenburg ) and the Braunschweig district of Stöckheim . Today it is assumed that the oldest mention of the place is in the Codex Eberhardi , a directory of the Fulda monastery . After that, between 780 and 802 Wodiltag , a Saxon chief, transferred part of his possessions from 20 places to the Fulda monastery, including land in "Stocheim". A document dated August 28, 1188, in which Emperor Friedrich I confirmed a donation of seven hooves in Stöckheim to the Neuwerk monastery in Goslar, is undisputed .

Affiliation

Flachstöckheim was in the Middle Ages in Leraga (also Leragau or Liergau ), in turn, to 815 by Louis the Pious founded the diocese of Hildesheim belonged. After the reorganization of the Principality of Hildesheim (the name of the secular property of the diocese), the place belonged to the Liebenburg office from 1330 . Between 1523 (end of the Hildesheim collegiate feud ) and 1643 the place belonged to the Duchy of Braunschweig , after which the area was again assigned to Hildesheim. In 1802 the Diocese of Hildesheim lost its independence and Flachstöckheim was from then on part of Prussia . During the time of Napoleonic rule from 1807 to 1813, Flachstöckheim was a commune in the canton of Salzgitter in the Goslar district in the Kingdom of Westphalia . With the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Kingdom of Hanover was created, to which the areas of the former Hildesheim Monastery were added. Hanover, in turn, was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia in 1866. After the reorganization of the Prussian order of 6 March 1884 from the city of Goslar and office districts Liebenburg and Wöltingerode the district of Goslar formed the Flachstöckheim belonged from the 1885th On April 1, 1942, Flachstöckheim became a district of the newly founded town of Watenstedt-Salzgitter, since 1951 the place name has been Salzgitter-Flachstöckheim .

Flachstöckheim estate and park

Exterior view of the estate
Inner courtyard of the estate
Cavalier house of the estate

Hans and Heinrich von Schwicheldt were enfeoffed with a yard, five Hufen land and goods in Flachstöckheim as early as 1350. Their task was to protect the border of the Hildesheim diocese against the Brunswick Guelphs. Hans von Schwicheldt was knighted in 1377. The family then continuously expanded their property in the village, so that by 1428 they already owned the entire village. In addition, Conrad von Schwicheldt received permission to build a Walhof (an enclosed courtyard) for himself and his family, this was south of today's Worthlahweg. When Charlotte Eleonore von Schwicheldt took over the family property in 1718, the construction of a new estate was planned. The first construction began around 1722 in order to create living space for the craftsmen and day laborers on the grounds of the old castle . The construction of the new manor began around 1730. A plan of the estate from 1734 shows the manor house on the north side of the site, which is still preserved today. To the east there is a kitchen house and further garden and greenhouses. A brewery delimits the area in the east, the gatehouse with stables and carriage shed in the south. In the west a barn and a sheepfold form the end.

From around 1750 the sons of Charlotte Eleonore - Ernst Otto, August Eberhard and August Wilhelm - began an extensive expansion of the estate. The planning for this was in the hands of the fortress builder Dinglinger and the court builder Johann Dietrich Heumann - both from Hanover. The estate was expanded to the west and further farm buildings, stables and a second barn were built. The last construction work by the von Schwicheldt family was carried out in 1807, when the brewery in the east was demolished and replaced by the "Kavalierhaus". The von Schwicheldt family acquired Söder Castle in 1859 and moved their family seat there in 1869. The estate in Flachstöckheim was then leased. In the course of building up the Hermann Göring Works , the Reichswerke acquired the facility at the end of the 1930s. They had the manor buildings rebuilt and apartments built here for the employees of the nearby mines. The complex was extensively renovated in 1981/82 and is now owned by Wohnbau Salzgitter .

With the construction of the estate, a garden was also laid out on the north side, of which building plans from 1753 have been preserved. These show a baroque garden laid out in the style of the gardens of Versailles . The garden was nearly square and covered about 20 acres . A main path led north from the entrance of the manor house and crossed a small square in the middle of the garden. Various kitchen gardens were attached to the west and east side of the garden, and a tree garden was later laid out in the west. The complex was surrounded by a wall, the access to the main path was formed by a wrought-iron gate in the north wall. In 1837 the von Schwicheldt family had the garden rebuilt in the style of an English landscape garden. During the Second World War and in the following years, the garden fell into disrepair. Today (2013) some of the trees and the outer wall are still preserved. The garden, which also includes an open-air stage, was last renovated by the city of Salzgitter from 2008 to 2010.

The manor was bought at the end of the 1930s by the Reichswerke "Hermann Göring" , who converted it and built apartments for the miners of the Wortlah-Ohlendorf mine.

Watermill

The von Schwicheldt family first had a water mill built in 1720. This was on the mill pond, which is fed by the feet . Since the mill had probably been built without official approval, the Liebenburg office, as the competent authority, had it demolished the following year. It was not until 1744 that Hildesheim prince-bishop Clemens August granted the concession to build a mill. This was completed the next year, it was an overshot watermill, the water wheel had a diameter of four meters. The miller was also given the right to run a brandy distillery . To improve performance, the mill received an additional motor drive in 1927. The mill was decommissioned in 1943 and the building is still there today.

Mining

Stimulated by the economic success of the nearby Thiederhall potash plant in Thiede , potash salts were sought in the district south of Flachstöckheim from 1905. The operator was the Friedrichroda trade union founded by potash entrepreneurs Max and Hermann Gumpel in Hanover . After several test drillings showed that minable potash salts were found, the sinking work for a shaft began in the spring of 1911 . This was completed in spring 1914 with a final depth of 615 meters. However, due to the war, production could not start until August 1919. As a result of the potash crisis at the beginning of the 1920s and the resulting concentration process in potash mining, production was discontinued in 1924.

In contrast to the iron ore deposits in the south of Salzgitter, which were known early on , the ore deposits near Flachstöckheim were only discovered at the beginning of the 1920s by test drilling by Anton Raky . A first attempt to sink a shaft on the site of the Friedrichroda potash works from 1936 onwards failed because of the strong water inflow. A second shaft (Shaft Wortlah) was sunk about 200 m further east from 1937, this reached its final depth of 779 m in December 1939. In April 1940, sinking work began on the second shaft east of Ohlendorf; it was completed on November 11, 1941. The iron ore mine was operated until 1965, and since mining began at the end of 1939, 9.01 million tons of raw ore have been mined here.

Population development

Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.

religion

Protestant church

Protestant church

The current church building was erected at the beginning of the 18th century on the old foundations of the former fortification walls of the village's whale yard. The outer door bears the year 1748 and thus gives an indication of an expansion of the church at that time. Originally the half-timbered extension on the south side was used as a mortuary, later the entrance to the church was relocated here. The church building was built from rubble stones from the old fortifications, the side extension and the church tower are half-timbered. The tower was later given a slate cladding. Originally the church roof was also covered with slate, when it was renovated in 1948 it was replaced by a tiled roof for cost reasons. The interior has remained in the original style, the walls are plastered in light colors. The ball and weather vane of the church tower from 1774 are still preserved, as are the two bells; the larger of the two was donated by Charlotte Eleonore von Schwicheldt in 1732, the smaller bell dates from 1750. The bells had to be given in during the world wars, but were not melted down and came back undamaged, apart from one crack. The tower clock dates back to 1907 and was a donation from the church mayor at the time. The organ was donated to the community in 1895 by Curd von Schwicheldt.

The patronage of the church was with the Goslar monastery Neuwerk until 1817, after which it went to the von Schwicheldt family until 1940. A visitation report from 1542 to 1544 already reported about a parish, at that time a salaried pastor was responsible for the place, who had his seat in Lobmachtersen . This association of the two parish offices lasted until 1658, after which the Flachstöckheim parish was looked after from Beinum . When the parish became independent in 1757, the construction of its own rectory was planned, which was completed in 1769. The Reformation was introduced in 1568 by Duke Julius (1568–1589) . Today Flachstöckheim belongs to the provost of Salzgitter-Bad and forms a parish association with the communities of Flöthe , Groß Mahner and Ohlendorf .

Catholic Church

With the establishment of the Reichswerke and the expansion of iron ore mining, a large number of workers were brought to Salzgitter from 1937 onwards. As a result, the proportion of Catholic residents also grew and the first Catholic emergency services were held in an inn in Flachstöckheim as early as the summer of 1938. The parish church of St. Marien in Salzgitter-Bad was responsible, which after the war founded the parish of Salzgitter-Flachstöckheim. This also included the surrounding villages of Beinum, Ohlendorf, Barum , Lobmachtersen (all Salzgitter), Groß Flöthe and Cramme ( Wolfenbüttel district ). The services were initially held in one of the estate's shops, and later also in the Protestant church. In 1958, on Bergmannstrasse on the outskirts of Lobmachtersen, construction began on its own church and rectory. The church of St. Pius X. and St. Barbara was handed over to the community on April 16, 1959. The church was profaned on December 12, 2008, and the church building was demolished in October 2009.

politics

Local council

coat of arms

Coat of arms of the von Schwicheldt family from 1754

The two crossed "flat sticks" stand here as a symbol for the place name. The lion's head is taken from the coat of arms of the von Schwicheldt noble family , who had owned the Flachstöckheim estate since 1350 and who lived here until 1869. The colors blue and yellow refer to the centuries-long affiliation of the place to the state of Braunschweig.

The coat of arms was adopted on March 16, 1987 by a village committee as the local coat of arms of Salzgitter-Flachstöckheim.

Association

  • 1868 founding of the “men's choir” .
  • 1949 Foundation of "FC Flachstöckheim von 1949 eV"
  • 1973 Founding of the "Angelsportverein Salzgitter-Flachstöckheim 1973 eV"
  • 2007 Foundation of the "Förderverein Gutspark Flachstöckheim eV"

literature

  • Jörg Leuschner: Village southeast: Beinum, Ohlendorf, Flachstöckheim, Lobmachtersen and Barum in old pictures . Ed .: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter. tape 9 of the contributions to the city's history. Salzgitter 1992, p. 276 .
  • Jan Boll, Friedrich Bosse, Stefan Gruber and Heinrich Oelmann: Flachstöckheim - Development of a Village in Eight Centuries . Ed .: Stadt Salzgitter - Department for Public Relations (=  Salzgitter-Forum . Volume 16 ). Salzgitter 1988.
  • Archive of the city of Salzgitter (ed.): Local home maintenance in the city of Salzgitter . 1992, p. 45-50 .
  • Franz Zobel : The home book of the district of Goslar . Verlag der Goslarschen Zeitung Karl Krause, 1928, p. 73-78 .
  • Church buildings in Salzgitter . In: Department for Public Relations of the City of Salzgitter (Ed.): Salzgitter Forum . tape 12 , 1986, pp. 30, 72 .
  • Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the district Wolfenbüttel and the city of Salzgitter (=  Lower Saxony Place Name Book . Volume 3 ). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 328 ff . (At the same time: Diss. University of Göttingen, 2002).
  • Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area . Self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, Braunschweig 1970, p. 328 ff . (Also: Diss. University of Göttingen, 1968).
  • Literature about Flachstöckheim catalog of the DNB

Web links

  • Entry by Gudrun Pischke and Stefan Eismann on Flachstöckheim in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Wiswe, Flurnamen , p. 472
  2. ↑ a b c Casemir, Place Names , p. 313
  3. ↑ Chronik Flachstöckheim , pp. 77–78
  4. ↑ Chronicle Flachstöckheim , p. 7
  5. ↑ Chronicle Flachstöckheim , p. 6
  6. ↑ Chronik Flachstöckheim , p. 5
  7. ^ Ortschaft Südost , p. 108
  8. ↑ a b c Petra Strobach: From the knight's seat to the ore wagon . In: Salzgitter newspaper . June 22, 2018.
  9. ^ Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).
  10. ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter).
  11. ^ Arnold Rabbow: New Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-926701-59-5 , p. 35 .
  12. ^ Statutes of the Gutspark development association. Retrieved July 17, 2015 .