Beinum (Salzgitter)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Leg around
City of Salzgitter
Coat of arms of Salzgitter-Beinum
Coordinates: 52 ° 4 ′ 27 "  N , 10 ° 24 ′ 54"  E
Height : 126 m
Area : 6.24 km²
Residents : 500  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 80 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1942
Incorporated into: Watenstedt-Salzgitter
Postal code : 38259
Area code : 05341
map
Location of Beinum in Salzgitter
View of Beinum
View of Beinum

Beinum is one of the total of 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the south-east region . Beinum belonged to the district of Goslar until March 31, 1942 and became part of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter through an administrative act on April 1, 1942. On January 23, 1951, it was officially renamed Salzgitter .

history

The etymological interpretation of the place name of Beinum refers to the origin of the place in the 5/6. Century. Beinum is one of the so-called “hem” places, these names were later changed to “heim”, “am” or “um”. The prefix “Ben” or “Bein” refers to the old Saxon name. The emergence of Beinums coincides with the beginning of salt production in the Salzgau , i. H. in the region between Vepstedt , Kniestedt (both today Salzgitter-Bad ) and grid .

The first documentary mention comes from a list of goods of the Goslar cathedral monastery . The directory was created by the cathedral scholastic Thietmar between 1174 and 1195. It contains a list of the places where the Goslar cathedral monastery resp. his canons had possessions. Thereafter the monastery owned three Hufen land and six farms in Behem (then the name for Beinum) .

Former Weghaus in Salzgitter-Beinum

The place name later changed from Behem (1174) to Benem (1209, in a document from Pope Innocent III ), Beinem (1225), Beinum (1278), Beynum (1356) and Benum (1400). The current place name Beinum has been used throughout the documents since 1548.

For the further development of Beinum in the Middle Ages, its location at the intersection of two military roads was decisive. These were the Mindener Heerstrasse, which ran from Hildesheim to Halberstadt, and the Frankfurter Heerstrasse, which came from Frankfurt from the Innerste Valley and continued to Braunschweig (today the B248 ).

Later, Beinum became a customs post as a border town between the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and the Diocese of Hildesheim . The Beinumer Weghaus, which still exists today, was built around 1780, it served as a toll collection station on the Chaussee from Seesen to Braunschweig. At the end of 1871, the toll collection was stopped and the building was sold. It is still preserved today and is privately owned.

Volunteer firefighter

The first hand pressure fire sprayer was purchased in 1871. With the law on fire aid of April 2, 1874, a wave of volunteer fire brigades was founded in the Duchy of Braunschweig in the following months . The fire brigade was founded in Beinum on June 3, 1892 with 48 men.

Population development

Early information can be found in a hoof treasure and tithe income register from 1523, according to which there were 23 farms in Beinum at that time. In 1548 47 Hufen arable land were cultivated, plus 10 Hufen forest. By 1624 the number of farms and dung farms had grown to 31, which together farmed 1,410 acres .

The first population figures are known from 1667/68, a total of 146 inhabitants were named, 112 of whom were active in agriculture. In a population register from 1808, 87 households with 376 inhabitants are listed. In the period that followed, the population continued to grow and in 1900 it had around 434 inhabitants. The number of homesteads had risen to 69, of which about 1,300 acres were farmed.

Due to the establishment of the Reichswerke AG (Hermann-Göring-Werke), the number of inhabitants rose sharply from 453 to 702 in the period from 1933 to 1939. After the end of the Second World War, numerous refugees and displaced persons came who were temporarily housed in Beinum. The peak was reached in 1950 with 929 inhabitants. 520 of them were among the refugees who later found a new home elsewhere.

Even today, Beinum has a predominantly rural character. There are six farms. Around the place more than 400 ha are used for agriculture and around 80 ha for forestry.

Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.

politics

Local council

coat of arms

The oak leaves and ears of wheat are a symbol of the oak forests that once surrounded the place and of agriculture - in the past the economic basis for the residents. The inclined sword commemorates the Battle of Beinum on October 21, 1393, in which Duke Friedrich von Braunschweig, with the support of the Elector of Saxony, marched against a Hildesheim knight contingent under Hans von Schwicheldt and Curd von Steinberg. 150 Hildesheimers fell, 183 were taken prisoner. After this lost battle, the Hildesheim bishops had to pay compensation for a long time. The Braunschweigische Reimchronik reports on this. The inscription “anno 1393 wune vor bene der vorsten von Brunsw. de strid ”on the south wall of the Braunschweig Brothers Church. In the history of Beinum , the battle is known as the “last honest knight battle ” near Beinum. The coat of arms was adopted as the local coat of arms of Salzgitter-Beinum at a citizens' meeting in October 2008.

church

Church of Salzgitter-Beinum

The first Beinumer Church - a fortified church - was built between the 10th and 13th centuries. This fortified church consisted of three parts of the building: in the west there was a rectangular tower, to which the nave was connected, and a rectangular choir with a sacristy on the east wall formed the end. The walls of the church were made of layered broken stone and field stones, which were embedded in lime mortar, the borders were made of sandstone.

The first vicarage in Beinums was completed in 1568. On February 11, 1569, Henrichs Lehnhoff (1537–1612) became the first Lutheran pastor of Beinum to take office. He led this country parish until his death in 1612.

After the old fortified church had long been in disrepair, the decision was made in 1889 to tear it down and replace it with a new building. The design for the new church came from the ducal government architect Hermann Fricke from Braunschweig. This is in the simple neo-Gothic style, the outer walls are made of sandstone blocks, the walls inside are made of brick . The tower is 30 m high and is closed off by a pointed slate roof; the two cast steel bells, cast in 1875, hang in the bell cage. The church was consecrated on August 9, 1891.

The new organ was built by the Hanover company Furtwängler & Hammer . When the parish could not afford to repair the organ, which worked on the principle of the mechanical cone chest, in 1960, it was replaced by an electronium . It was not until the church's 100th anniversary that the Furtwängler organ was overhauled in 1991 and has been in service again ever since.

literature

  • Walter Boes et al .: Beinum - The story of a village in Salzgitter . Ed .: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter. braunschweig-druck GmbH, Braunschweig 1999, ISBN 3-926701-39-0 , p. 438 .
  • Jörg Leuschner: Village southeast: Beinum, Ohlendorf, Flachstöckheim, Lobmachtersen and Barum in old pictures . Ed .: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter. Volume 9 of Contributions to City History. Archive of the City of Salzgitter, Salzgitter 1992, p. 276 .
  • Walter Boes and Dietrich Gehlert: Brief Church History of Beinum - On the 100th Anniversary of the Church 1891–1991 . Ed .: ev.-luth. Parish of Beinum in Salzgitter. Salzgitter 1991, p. 55 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area. Self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, 1970, p. 469 ff.
  2. ↑ Document book of the city of Goslar and the spiritual foundation there. Edit v. Georg Bode, Vol. IV, Halle 1893, 1896, 1900, 1905, 1922.
  3. ^ Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the district Wolfenbüttel and the city of Salzgitter. Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 85 ff.
  4. ^ Walter Boes: Chronik Beinum , pages 361–372.
  5. ^ Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).
  6. ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter).
  7. ↑ Joachim Lehrmann: 'Raubritter between Heide, Harz and Weser, Lehrte 2007, p. 221ff, ISBN 978-3-9803642-6-3 .
  8. ↑ Beinumer village coat of arms is unveiled on the former syringe house , Salzgitter Zeitung of October 4, 2008, p. 23