Bruchmachtersen
Bruchmachtersen
City of Salzgitter
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Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 27 ″ N , 10 ° 18 ′ 50 ″ E | |
Height : | 91 m |
Area : | 1.56 km² |
Residents : | 758 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
Population density : | 487 inhabitants / km² |
Incorporation : | April 1, 1942 |
Incorporated into: | Watenstedt-Salzgitter |
Postal code : | 38228 |
Area code : | 05341 |
Location of Bruchmachtersen in Salzgitter
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Bruchmachtersen is one of the 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the north . Bruchmachtersen is located west of Salzgitter- Lebenstedt and Salzgitter- Salder , northeast of Salzgitter- Lichtenberg and south of Salzgitter Lake.
Bruchmachtersen belonged to the Wolfenbüttel district until March 31, 1942 and became part of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter on April 1, 1942. On January 23, 1951, it was renamed Salzgitter .
geography
Local division
The Sukopsmühle settlement is part of Bruchmachtersen .
Waters
- Mühlbach
- Feet
- Salzgittersee
history
Place name
Bruchmachtersen was first mentioned in 1182 under the name Villa Machtersum , when the church at that time was mentioned in a document from Steterburg Abbey .
In the course of time the place name changed frequently: Machtersheim (1191), Maghtersum (1300), Machtersum bei Lichtenberge (1340), Bruchmachtersen under the Lichtenberge (14th / 15th century), Machtersen circa Levenstidde (1444), Brockmachterßen (1492 ), Brugkmachterßen (1552), Nort Machtersen (1565), Bruchmachtersem (1622), before Bruchmachtersen emerged as a place name in the 18th century.
Development of the locality
From 1189 the Dorstadt monastery, about 20 kilometers away, was the largest landowner in Bruchmachtersen. Bruchmachtersen was a farming village between 1182 and 1942.
The place was spared from the plague in Braunschweig in 1350 and from 1529 to 1598 in Lesse , Ringelheim and Oelber on the white road . There are no signs in the local or church history.
In the Duchy of Braunschweig, serfdom was abolished as early as 1433, farmers , half-spouses and kotsassen formed the political community and were in the possession of the meanings (including pastures, forests, bakery houses, clay pits, quarries, shares in the moor and forest).
Until around 1970, some properties in Bruchmachtersen still had usufruct at Bruch , the moor from which the Salzgittersee was created between 1960 and 1978 through gravel mining . The ownership structure of the Brinkitzers and farmers was often unclear. Although they had their own house and in many cases also land, which was rarely enough to feed the families. There were also the homeless people who ran their own household and earned their income as day laborers , traders or craftsmen. The servants who lived in the household of their employers and for this reason were not allowed to take part in the municipal council elections even after the municipal reform were not counted among the residents .
In 1752 the community consisted of 6 Großköthern, 17 Kleinköthern and 3 Brinkitzern.
The evangelical witch distiller Duke Heinrich Julius
In 1521 the place was devastated by Hildesheim troops. In 1602, citizens of Brunswick plundered Bruchmachtersen during their dispute with Duke Heinrich Julius , who as a Protestant prince was a notorious witch-burner and confidante of the Catholic emperor.
During the siege of Wolfenbüttel in 1641, 14 cavalry regiments camped in the villages of the Salder office.
In 1789, the Brunswick Duke Charles I “embezzled” 5,509 of his subjects recruited as soldiers to Great Britain, who then had to take part in the American War of Independence . According to a register, 2,909 men did not come back.
Kingdom of Westphalia 1807 to 1813
Between the Peace of Tilsit in 1807 and the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig in 1813, the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg belonged to the Kingdom of Westphalia . Bruchmachtersen belonged to the canton of Gebhardshagen at this time .
The flax rotten
At the beginning of the 19th century, flax cultivation was the "national industry" in the Duchy of Braunschweig. The flax stalks were grown shortly before the seeds ripened. So that every villager had the opportunity to prepare his home-grown flax for processing, he received a right to use the flax rotting . These were to the northwest on the Meesche, the later main street, today Söhlekamp. Behind the houses Söhlekamp 11, 15 and 20 there is a trench that is now partially cased and which is still exposed by the allotment gardens. This ditch connected the flax rots lined with limestone with the Mühlbach. In 1901 the rent for a small flax rott was 0.34 marks and for a large one 1.54 marks. From 1850 the flax rotting was used less and less. They were eventually leveled and turned into arable land under the name “de Rottedamm” . From 1901, there are records of how the rent obtained was distributed.
Separation between 1852 and 1862
According to the common division order of December 20, 1834, the separation (land consolidation) in Bruchmachtersen was only carried out between 1852 and 1865. The common division order made it possible to detach the Hudelast , an old term for easements in the broader sense that weighed on land. The division of the meadows and fields owned by the community was ordered. The total size of the Feldmark was 282 ha. Of this, 222 ha were privately owned before the separation, spread over 472 parcels. The separation resulted in a reduction to 222 parcels and a private property of 256 hectares.
The place was described in 1863 as follows:
"5. Bruchmachtersen, once also Kleinmachtersen, on the Fuse, has 305 inhabitants in 45 fire places, a parish that is otherwise occupied by the Dorstadt monastery, now from Hanover, and a school, the parish and pastor. In any case, Bruchmachtersen is of more recent origin than Lobmacherersen and is probably founded in a Bruche von den Fosen or Sassen located at the fuse. The von Machtersen, Timmonis, Schwarz and von Astfeld families were already carrying land and income here from the noble von Meinersen as fiefs around 1266. The place where the plots are separated consists of 23 Kothhöfe and 8 Brinkitzer and cultivations. Superintendent: Thiede. Annual income of the parish: 900 thalers; of the school: 180 thalers. Parish ownership: 1135 Morg. Total - area, 734 morg. Gardens, fields, meadows and 5 morg. Wood. "
Wave of emigration between 1846 and 1871
Between 1846 and 1871, 25 Bruchmachtersener men and 12 women emigrated to the USA. The reasons for the migration can be assumed to be the famine year 1847, the end of flax cultivation as a result of the displacement by cotton and the California gold rush between 1848 and 1854. Between 1846 and 1858 the village population decreased by about 30%. The wave of emigration reached its peak during the economic crisis of 1857 . Between 1850 and 1930, 5 million Germans immigrated to the USA . Their way led over Ellis Island .

Source: City of Salzgitter; Department for Economics and Statistics.
1874 Foundation of the volunteer fire brigade
With the law of April 2, 1874 concerning fire aid , there was a wave of volunteer fire brigades in the Duchy of Braunschweig in the following months. In June 1874 the syringe house and the extinguishing water supply were found to be in order and the plan to establish the volunteer fire brigade was realized. 17 men joined, this was the minimum size for a place with 268 inhabitants. The cost of founding the fire brigade was 980 marks, which was subsidized with 500 marks. They spent 261 marks on jackets, belts and the like, 262 marks on helmets, hatchets, lanterns and the like, and 547 marks on mending the old syringe. A fire station (crossing Große Str./Schlagacker) was built in 1928. The planning draft by Karl Blume dates to January 10, 1928. The Bruchmachtersen volunteer fire brigade has put out four fires in the village since it was founded in 1874. The fire in 1942 was extinguished by French prisoners of war from Camp 17 because the fire engine of the local fire brigade did not work.
1900-1933

Timeline: Bruchmachtersen
In 1913 Bruchmachtersen was connected to the power grid.
Heinrich Ludwig Kayser , the founder of the newspaper Dernières Nouvelles d'Alsace (DNA), which still exists today , died in 1904. Up until his death, Kayser supported widows, old people and those in need of care from his home town of Bruchmachtersen with annual donations. For the continuation of this commitment he left the congregation a will of 10,000 marks. Due to the frequent change of mayors in the post-war chaos, no documents can be found about the whereabouts and use of the foundation.
"The year brought the political community a rich legacy from Strasbourg Alsace, 10,000 marks, part of the" Heinrich Ludwig Foundation "for the poor and nursing, donated by the pensioner Heinrich Albert Kayser in Strasbourg, according to the will of May 1, 1908. Opened on January 5, 1915. The founder is the son of the late Heinrich Ludwig Kayser from Bruchmachtersen, who left his fatherland - his friendships - in the so-called founding years and first emigrated to Kehl and then settled in Strasbourg. His father, who owned a small estate here, the house is on the road to Lebenstedt, the garden is adjacent to the Große Busse property, the small amount of land (13 acres) has long been sold. The father had wished he should become a teacher. When he proved unsuitable for this, he became a typesetter in Wolfenbüttel. In the meantime his father had died, and soon he died too ...? Fritz Kayser, and since the eldest brother Karl, a musician by the grace of God, did not want to plow, he sold everything and moved to Strasbourg, where over the years he became the esteemed director of a larger theater. Heinrich Ludwig soon followed him, was the editor of a cheap but good newspaper in Strasbourg and made a considerable fortune. As long as he lived, he showed his love for the old homeland by giving a regular Christmas gift of 100 marks to be given to worthy widows. Above all, the widow Spandau, who had lived on his father's farm in his youth, had to be considered, he himself determined the amount. His son Heinrich Albert continued what his father had done out of old devotion, he then considered the community in the will, he died childless - with the above sum- The oldest men z. B. old father Löhr, tailor Heinrich Welge, also from Christian Vogel am Essel remember very well the father Kayser, who was also a funny musician, who directed a choir; he also knew how to build a suit. The property, still called Kaysersche Hof today, came into the possession of the master baker Welzel in Reppner through the marriage of the Vespermann family. June 16, 1915 Pastor Pfotenhauer. The legacy is paid out on Christmas Day 1915 "
After the November Revolution of 1918, a workers' council was constituted in Bruchmachtersen and there was a local association of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USDP). In May 1921 the foundation stone for the first settlement house (today settlement no. 6) was laid. On August 6, 1922, a war memorial was erected in front of the church for the 17 fallen soldiers of the First World War . On March 21, 1933, a torchlight procession took place in honor of Hitler. Labor Day was celebrated with a train to Lichtenberger Burgberg. The Schlageter Cross was inaugurated there on August 13, 1933 . At a joint meeting of the parish council and the NSDAP , there was talk of great unity and harmony and a unified list for the election of church councilors was drawn up. SA , Jungvolk and Hitler Youth appeared in the church on numerous occasions.
Camp 17
In 1940 a camp for French prisoners of war was established on the northern edge of Bruchmachtersen. The French returned to their homeland in the summer of 1945. Poles and Italians lived here until spring 1946. From 1946 onwards, the camp was designated Camp 17 and was reserved as an emergency hospital for epidemics and epidemics. The emergency hospital was identified as a source of infection for the syphilis that infected several villagers. Karl Vogel from Bruchmachtersen was the warehouse manager. From the end of 1946 to the beginning of 1947, the camp became an emergency room for refugees. Inside the camp there were jobs for women who made teddy bears for the Kräber company from Lebenstedt. Today there is a supermarket on the former warehouse site.
Development since 1942
On April 10, 1945, a US tank division marched into Bruchmachtersen at around 12 noon. The Second World War ended for the place. Command posts were set up and the population was ordered, under threat of punishment, to hand over weapons, long knives, cameras and binoculars. The objects were burned in the clay hollow. In the following period the area belonged to the British zone of occupation. The situation in 1949:
"Five sixths of the 120,000 inhabitants of the largest ghost town in Europe are also thrown together strangers ... The natives are in a hopeless minority with 20,000, the rural indigenous population of those 28 villages ..."
Leptospirosis , known as field, mud or harvest fever, was only found sporadically in Lower Saxony up to July 1949. In Bruchmachtersen, six pea pickers contracted this disease, which is transmitted by field mice.
In 1960 the former Kothof ass no. 1 (Große Str. 17) with its Franconian gate passage, which can be lived in on both sides, was demolished, although the monument protection authorities had reported concerns about this. The house and the gateway were built in 1820 by master carpenter Heinrich Heuer. Around 1830 the veterinarian Könnecke and the country surgeon Fäsebeck lived in this house. On the back of the house ace no. 1 was the body penitentiary , the house for the farmer's elderly part.
The main street, today's Söhlekamp, was bordered on both sides by fruit trees between Fuhsebrücke and Söhlekamp No. 20. Every fall, the community auctioned the trees to the highest bidder for harvest. With the creation of sidewalks, the fruit trees were felled in 1963 without replacement.
Bruchmachtersen is an example of how a rural cultural landscape that has grown over 700 years, including cultural peculiarities, architectural monuments, language (the southern Lower Saxon Platt, which was still very common in the 1950s and 1960s, no one speaks today) and the environment through failed Village renewal, regional planning and excessive gravel mining combined with unimaginative landscape planning and agricultural policy was destroyed once and for all. From a geological point of view, Bruchmachtersen lies in an alluvial formation . The Salzgittersee was created by gravel mining, but the quarry, the moor and the marshland with their biodiversity were destroyed forever within 60 years, and many rural open spaces, such as B. Günne, Köppenweg and Kleine Straße, built up. Even with extensive renaturation work on the Fuhse , the original state will never be achieved again.
In 1967 the local school was closed. Today there are neither kindergartens nor schools. The children are schooled in Fredenberg or Lichtenberg and have to drive.
From 1968 a new district of Lebenstedts, Salzgitter-Fredenberg with social housing was built as a test-tube town northwest of Theodor-Heuss-Straße, which runs north and parallel to the railway embankment, on the fields of Bruchmachtersen. Fredenberg is a large housing estate and a social hotspot. In the late 1980s, further residential construction activities in Fredenberg increased the housing stock to over 3,000 residential units with around 7,000 inhabitants. The entire district of Fredenberg has about 10,000 inhabitants.
Population development
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Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.
Apartments in Bruchmachtersen, as of December 31, 2007 | number |
Total residential buildings | 255 |
Residential building with 1 apartment | 191 |
Residential building with 2 apartments | 41 |
Residential building with 3 and more apartments | 23 |
Total apartments | 376 |
church
The church in Bruchmachtersen | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The church was built and consecrated as a Catholic church as early as 1182, the first documented mention comes from 1182. It has an almost square nave with a square choir. The old church clock from 1663 had only one hand. Its movement was replaced once in 1857 and the entire clock was finally replaced in 1965. The old clock face was hung in the church. The new clock has an electrical mechanism and has both the hour hand and a minute hand . There are very old trees and the war memorial on the church property.
The priest Helyas is known as the first pastor . It is reported from this that in the year 1297 he replaced a levy used for the lightwork - by which the candles are meant - in the Holy Cross Monastery in Hildesheim worth eight shillings.
With the Reformation in 1526, which slowly took hold in the Duchy of Braunschweig, the church got into financial difficulties. In 1575 the pastor Heinrichlesenberg complained that the wife of his predecessor Adamus Pfaffendorf had stolen from the church. You have stolen towels from the baptism and a silver cross. The tabernacle house came to light during renovation work on the church in 1975/76 and was restored. As early as 1598, the church received the sacrament set from a Lübeck citizen, whose father was a sacrificial man in Bruchmachtersen. It consisted of a silver gilded chalice and a " wafer plate ". The baptismal bowl, which is still in use today, was given to the church by Otto Becker, Obere Mühle, for Elly Becker's baptism on April 3, 1894. In 1844 the organ was built by the organ builder Bode from Helmstedt for 330 thalers. 94 thalers were collected in the community, the rest was raised through land sales. In 1857 a new church tower clock was purchased.
In 1802 there was a superintendent , to which the parishes of Engelnstedt , Bruchmachtersen, Broistedt , Köchingen and Bodenstedt belonged. Pastor Wilhelm Pfotenhauer died on January 31, 1918, in office since 1896 in Bruchmachtersen. The parish was not reoccupied and the rectory was sold for 45,000 marks. The money - invested in securities and bonds - fell by more than 90% during inflation, so that the church treasury only had 3,500 marks. Between 1918 and 1945 the parish was alternately united with Lebenstedt or Salder.
The Lord's Supper was celebrated in Bruchmachtersen according to very old tradition. First two women went to the north side of the altar, got the bread, went around the altar (behind the altar wall), got the wine on the south side. This episode went on until no more women answered, only then did the men go to the bread and goblet side.
politics
Local council
coat of arms
Description: The coat of arms shows in a silver shield a red water mill wheel with cross-shaped bars between a green rafter and a green curved wave shield base.
The corrugated base of the shield and the basic colors green (for the country) and white (for the water) of the coat of arms illustrate the location of the place in a former wetland and thus stand for the syllable fraction of the place name. The final syllable sen of the name means something like home or homestead - the symbol of this is the rafters. The watermill wheel is reminiscent of the town's two old mills - the lower and upper Sukopsmühle. And the cross shape of the bars of the mill wheel stands for the centuries-old influence of the spiritual institutions - above all the Dorstadt monastery, the Steterburg monastery and the diocese of Hildesheim.
The coat of arms was unanimously accepted as the local coat of arms by the local coat of arms committee in March 2008.
traffic
Bruchmachtersen is close to the A39 motorway and Salzgitters Zentrum Lebenstedt can be reached in a few minutes using the KVG bus routes (lines 606, 616 and 619).
From November 27, 1954, Bruchmachtersen had its own railway stop on the Immendorf - Lebenstedt - Bruchmachtersen - Lichtenberg line . The bus shelter and the entrance were between the cemetery and the street Am Esel . A rail bus operated , which made it possible to get directly to the ironworks as well as to use the long-distance routes of Deutsche Bahn via Lebenstedt - Braunschweig or via Derneburg. On June 1, 1984, the Lebenstedt - Derneburg line was closed.
Language and dialect
Until the 1950s and 1960s, the southern Lower Saxon Platt , a subspecies of the East Westphalian dialect , was spoken here, which differed greatly from the Braunschweig dialect. In Ostfälisch, the place name is Lütjen Brökkern . One of the few written records can be found on the website of the Bruchmachtersen volunteer fire department.
The speech of fire brigade comrade Wilhelm Bethmann on May 23, 1909 on the 35th anniversary of the Bruchmachtersen volunteer fire brigade: Dschetz are et fai'mdrittig Dschahr, |
Hermann Papes bid farewell to his former student Wilhelm Bethmann on April 1, 1921 : When you cantor Pape uses the shawl truit, |
Culture and sights
Buildings
- church
- several old half-timbered houses
- Upper and Lower Sukopsmühle in the landscape protection area: The two mills mentioned for the first time in 1438 were probably built in the 12th century. The name comes from the Sukop family , who had both mills in fief for more than 200 years .
Culinary specialties
Up until the beginning of 1970, wild horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana or Cochlearia armoracia ) were found in the gardens and meadow edges east of Söhlekamp . The horseradish roots were dug up, washed and grated and served as an accompaniment to fatty pork from the fresh slaughter stock. Intensive agriculture and the creation of ornamental gardens destroyed the wild horseradish habitat. The leaves of the dandelion ( Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia ) found in every garden were picked, cut up with vinegar, oil, salt and pepper and a spoonful of honey, mustard and finely chopped onions, and consumed as a salad. There are also “Sluikers” - (in East Westphalian for jacket potatoes ).
Association
- 1870 men's choir
- Goat breeding association, year of foundation not known
- 1919 Steel Helmet Association of Frontline Soldiers (Chairman Otto Hanne)
- 1915–1918 Women's War Association
- 1915 Reich Association of War Victims, Disabled People, Social Pensioners and Survivors
- 1930 – end of the 50s Threschereigenossenschaft (Chairman Wilhelm Bethmann)
- 1947 SV Bruchmachtersen
- 1957 Field interest group
- 1957–1965 Jagdgenossenschaft Lebenstedt-Bruchmachtersen (the hunting district Bruchmachtersen was dissolved in 1965, the liquidation of the hunting cooperative could only be completed in 1981)
Personalities
- Heinrich Bergmann (1627–1685), respondent at the Universities of Rostock, Helmstedt, Rinteln; Mayor of Braunschweig
- Johann Heinrich Christian Breymann (1724–1803), pastor
- Heinrich Ludwig Kayser (1833–1904), publisher and printer
Web links
- Video showing the entire church bells ringing
- Bruchmachtersen on the Salzgitter side
- Andreas Lochner: Lucien Pétit was a slave laborer in Salzgitter during the World War - now he has come back looking for clues , Salzgitter Zeitung of May 22, 2006
- Literature by and about Bruchmachtersen in the catalog of the German National Library
literature
- ↑ Reinhold Försterling, Sigrid Lux with the collaboration of Günter Freutel: Bruchmachtersen, Engelnstedt, Salder, Lebenstedt “Ortschaft Nord” in old views . In: Archives of the City of Salzgitter (Ed.): Contributions to the city's history . 1st edition. tape 11 . Archive of the City of Salzgitter, Salzgitter 1994, ISBN 3-930292-01-7 , p. 9 ff .
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 9.
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 60.
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 17.
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 57.
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 22.
- ↑ Försterling et al., 1st ed., P. 32.
- ↑ Heinrich Heppe: Soldan's history of the witch trials . tape 2 . Verlag der JG Cottaschen Buchhandlung, Stuttgart 1880, p. 43 f . (EBook # 25048 Release Date April 11, 2008).
- ↑ Ludwig Popp: A field fever epidemic among pea pickers . In: Journal of Hygiene and Infectious Diseases . tape 131 , no. 6 , October 1, 1950, ISSN 0300-8584 , p. 575-601 , doi : 10.1007 / BF02149259 .
- ^ H. W. L. Lachmann jun .: Flora Brunsvicensis, or list and description of wild plants in the area around Braunschweig . GCE Meyer, Braunschweig 1827, alluvial formation, p. 101 ff . ( Full text in Google Book Search).
- ↑ Günter Freutel, Günter Scheelen: On the 800-year church history of Bruchmachtersen . Ed .: ev.luth. Bruchmachtersen parish. Salzgitter 1992.
Individual evidence
- ↑ August Lambrecht: Das Herzogthum Braunschweig: geographically, historically and statistically presented for use in home and school . A. Stichtenoth, 1863, p. 468 ( books.google.de - original from University of Michigan digitized Nov. 21, 2005 length 739 pages).
- ↑ Guenter Freutel, NN, Schroede: 47 emigrants to America from Bruchmachtersen. October 20, 2000, accessed July 15, 2013 .
- ↑ a b c Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).
- ↑ In the event of a disaster . In: Der Spiegel . No. 35 , 1949, pp. 8–10 ( online - resistance to dismantling 1949). Quote: “Five sixths of the 120,000 inhabitants of the largest ghost town in Europe are also mixed up strangers. 35,000 of them are refugees. They moved into the barracks, which 35,000 foreign workers left in 1945; 15,000 Poles, Romanians, Czechs and Latvians have stayed on the Harz slopes to this day. The natives are in a hopeless minority with 20,000, the agricultural indigenous population of those 28 villages that were combined to form Hermann-Göring-Stadt on April 1, 1942 (on 209 km² = size of the US sector of Berlin). The 300-soul village of Lebenstedt was to become the city center with 250,000 inhabitants alone. The whole of Göringstadt = 500,000 inhabitants. "
- ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter).
- ^ The Evangelical Lutheran Pastors von Dudensen, edited and compiled by Claus-Dieter Gelbke.
- ^ Pastor in Salder and Bruchmachtersen ( memento from January 9, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) .
- ^ Salder-Bruchmachtersen Parish Association .
- ↑ Verena Mai: On the trail of the clock with only one hand , Salzgitter-Zeitung of June 12, 2014.
- ↑ Michael glasses: Dorfkirche Bruchmachtersen, Salzgitter, Lower Saxony. In: Romanik.de. Retrieved June 14, 2014 .
- ↑ Coat of arms reminds of mill location , Salzgitter Zeitung of March 25, 2008 and New Coat of Arms welcomes the guests , Salzgitter-Zeitung of May 28, 2010.
- ↑ ( page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ Bruchmachtersen volunteer fire brigade there under Chronicle .
- ↑ Speech by fire brigade comrade Wilhelm Bethmann on May 23, 1909 on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of the Bruchmachtersen volunteer fire brigade, www.feuerwehr-salzgitter-bruchmachtersen.de there under Chronicle .
- ^ Peter Kintzinger: The upper Sukopsmühle , term paper , 1947, archive of the city of Salzgitter.