Ohlendorf (Salzgitter)

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Ohlendorf
City of Salzgitter
Salzgitter-Ohlendorf local coat of arms
Coordinates: 52 ° 3 ′ 44 ″  N , 10 ° 26 ′ 51 ″  E
Height : 117 m
Area : 7.9 km²
Residents : 493  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 62 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1942
Incorporated into: Watenstedt-Salzgitter
Postal code : 38259
Area code : 05341
map
Location of Ohlendorf in Salzgitter

Ohlendorf is one of the total of 31 districts of the independent city of Salzgitter in Lower Saxony , located in the south-east region . Ohlendorf belonged to the district of Goslar until March 31, 1942 and became part of the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter through an administrative act on April 1, 1942. On January 23, 1951, it was officially renamed Salzgitter .

Local division

The Nienrode estate and the Schachtsiedlung belong to Ohlendorf .

history

The place is first mentioned in a deed of donation from Henry IV in 1064, in which the emperor confirms the donation of land property in Aldendorp, among others, by his mother Agnes to the Goslar monastery in Petersburg. For the interpretation of the name, it is assumed that we are talking about an old village , whereby the old refers to the view of the surrounding younger villages. Early mentions of the place can be found in 1199 as Aldentorpe , 1327 as Oldendorpe , 1256 as Ohlendorpe . Around 1616 the spelling Ohlendorff was used and from 1776 today's spelling Ohlendorf .

Between 1390 and 1393, the bailiff of the Liebenburg , Hans von Schwicheldt, had the Warne flowing past Ohlendorf dammed up and created the Mahner pond, which is about 1200 acres . This was to protect the access to Liebenburg Castle from the north. At least since then, gray herons have been nesting near Ohlendorf . The pond was only drained again in 1815 and converted back into pasture and meadow land, and there is still a gray heron colony near Ohlendorf today.

The place belonged since 1351 to the office Schladen and thus to the prince diocese of Hildesheim . After the end of the Hildesheim collegiate feud , Ohlendorf fell to the Principality of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel for 120 years in 1523 . In 1643 the Reich Chamber Court ruled that a large part of the areas ceded to Braunschweig had to be returned. Thus the place fell back to the Diocese of Hildesheim and still belonged to the Schladen office. In 1802 the Kingdom of Prussia annexed the areas of the Hildesheim Monastery. In the French era, from 1807 Ohlendorf belonged to the canton of Salzgitter, which in turn was part of the Goslar district in the Oker department of the Kingdom of Westphalia .

After the end of the Napoleonic occupation, the land was assigned to the Kingdom of Hanover by resolution of the Congress of Vienna and belonged to the Liebenburg office here . This lasted until 1866, when the Kingdom of Hanover fell to the victorious Kingdom of Prussia after the lost battle of Langensalza . In 1885 the Liebenburg and Wöltingerode offices were merged to form the Goslar district. Since the city of Watenstedt-Salzgitter was founded on April 1, 1942, Ohlendorf has been a district of Salzgitter and, together with the districts of Barum, Beinum, Flachstöckheim and Lobmachtersen, forms the southeastern village .

Mining

Trolley in memory of the ore mining near Ohlendorf

As part of the expansion of ore mine Worthlah-Ohlendorf was from April 1940 at the eastern edge of the bay drilled Ohlendorf. At the beginning of the 1950s, the system was expanded to become the main shaft for the ore mine and received a loading system and a siding, via which the ore extracted was brought to Calbecht for ore processing . The mine was closed on May 1, 1966, the headframe was demolished in April 1969.

Gut Nienrode

Gut Nienrode near Ohlendorf

On the site of the Nienrode estate, about 1.5 km east of Ohlendorf, there was already a settlement in the 12th century. The village was first mentioned in 1191 in a sales document confirmed by Bishop Berno von Hildesheim under the name villa nigenroth . Between 1190 and 1194, the Augustinian convent Dorstedt, founded in 1189, acquired parts of Nienrode. By the 14th century Dorstedt had brought the entire land of the village of Nienrode into his possession. When the Dorstedt Abbey ran into economic difficulties in the middle of the 15th century, Nienrode was first sold to the von Schwicheldt family, who ran the estate until 1717 after it had since fallen to other tenants. Thereafter, the estate was again managed directly by the Dorstedt Abbey. During the time of the Westphalian rule, the church properties were confiscated in March 1810 and Nienrode was sold to a Hildesheim trading family who still operate the estate today. In 1928 the place Nienrode was incorporated into Ohlendorf.

Schachtsiedlung

Schachtsiedlung

When the Ohlendorf mine was built in 1940 as part of the construction of the Worthlah-Ohlendorf ore mine , residential camp 29 was built in its immediate vicinity for the construction workers , which was subsequently also used for the miners of the mine. When the shaft system was expanded into a mining and ropeway shaft in the early 1950s, the shaft settlement with seven apartment buildings for the miners working here was built in the immediate vicinity in 1953/54.

Volunteer firefighter

The volunteer fire brigade Ohlendorf was founded in February 1894, before there was a compulsory fire brigade in the village . In October 1978 a new fire station was inaugurated, and in December 1979 a youth fire brigade was founded.

Population development

Sources: The population figures from 1821 to 2000 are based on the statistical yearbook of the Department for Economics and Statistics of the city of Salzgitter. The population statistics from 2001 are based on the monthly statistical reports of the city of Salzgitter (residents with main residence) according to the population register at the end of December.

politics

Local council

coat of arms

Description: In the coat of arms, which is divided by gold over green, there is a natural-colored heron (gray heron). The heron was at home in the region around Ohlendorf for a long time and has been nesting here again since the post-war period. The coat of arms color gold (or yellow) stands for joy and loyalty to the home , the green refers to agriculture.

The coat of arms was put into informal use around 1999.

Agriculture

Former Salzgitter-Ohlendorf dairy

Ohlendorf has always been characterized by agriculture. In the 16th century there were 30 farms here and, according to a count from 1803, seven farm workers and 20 kotsassen farmed here. A survey of the Ohlendorfer fields was carried out between 1819 and 1821, after which the place had 1254 acres of arable land, in addition to meadows, pastures and forest.

In 1891 a dairy was put into operation in the village, which the neighboring villages of Klein- and Groß-Mahner also joined. After various small dairies in the surrounding area had been closed, more and more farmers delivered their milk to Ohlendorf. For a long time, the dairy was of central importance to the surrounding area and it was not until 1967 that operations ceased.

Ohlendorf was only slightly affected by the establishment of the Reichswerke, during which many farmers were relocated from the Salzgitter area from 1937 onwards. The agricultural character of the place has been preserved, but the number of farms has decreased further: in 1983 there were eleven, in 2011 there were only four farms.

church

Church of Salzgitter-Ohlendorf

The Reformation was introduced in the country for the first time in 1542, but just five years later, Duke Heinrich the Younger ordered a return to the Catholic faith. It was only his son Duke Julius who finally introduced the Reformation in 1568. Even after the Schladen office fell back to the Diocese of Hildesheim in 1643, the denominational relationships were retained.

The first church in Ohlendorf was built in 1145. The church building was built as a fortified church and it was the first stone building in the village. The church was about 20 m long and 7 m wide and stood within the ramparts of the village. In the 14th century the church and its lands were owned by the abbess of the Gandersheim monastery . In 1382 this gave the church to the knight Siewert von Rössing as a fief, who thus took over the patronage of the church of Ohlendorf. The patronage was finally dissolved in 1968.

As early as 1801, the then pastor Simon complained that the church in Ohlendorf had to be repaired. But since the parish had no money for a new building, the church building continued to fall into disrepair. Between 1814 and 1863 there was no pastor in Ohlendorf and the community was looked after from Klein Flöthe . After that, the economic situation improved and Ohlendorf received its own parish again. First, the ruins of the rectory were replaced by a new building and in 1869 the old church was also demolished. The new church was built under the direction of the secret building council and consistorial master builder Prof. CW Haase, the inauguration took place on January 22, 1871.

Since the introduction of the Reformation in 1568 by Duke Julius, Ohlendorf had belonged to the special superintendent of Salzliebenhall. Today Ohlendorf belongs to the provost of Salzgitter-Bad and forms a parish association with the communities of Flachstöckheim, Flöthe and Groß-Mahner.

Personalities

  • Wilhelm Wassmuss (1880–1931), as consul of the German Empire in Persia, led a successful guerrilla war against the English during the First World War.

literature

  • Rudoll Krüger and others: Ohlendorf - Forays through history . Ed .: Archives of the City of Salzgitter, Editing: Ursula Wolff, Reinhard Försterling, Ralf Hermann, Jörg Leuschner, and Sigrid Lux. Ruth Printmedien GmbH, Braunschweig, Salzgitter 2004.
  • Jörg Leuschner: Village southeast: Beinum, Ohlendorf, Flachstöckheim, Lobmachtersen and Barum in old pictures . Ed .: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter. tape 9 of the contributions to the city's history. Salzgitter 1992, p. 276 .
  • Archive of the city of Salzgitter (ed.): Local home maintenance in the city of Salzgitter . 1992, p. 71-75 .
  • Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the Wolfenbüttel district and the city of Salzgitter . Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 238 f .
  • Mechthild Wiswe : The field names of the Salzgitter area . Self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, 1970, p. 479 f .
  • Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Salzgitter - Past and Present of a German City - 1942-1992 . Verlag CH Beck Munich, 1992, ISBN 3-406-35573-0 .
  • Mining in Salzgitter - The history of mining and the life of miners from the beginning to the present . In: Office for History, Culture and Homeland Preservation of the City of Salzgitter, Editing: Heinrich Korthöber, Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling and Sigrid Lux ​​(eds.): Contributions to city history . tape 13 . Appelhans, Salzgitter 1997, ISBN 3-930292-05-X , chap. 20 , p. 163-196 .
  • Heinz Kolbe: The history of iron ore mining in Salzgitter: ore area Hannoversche Treue between Salzgitter-Bad and SZ-Engerode / Calbecht . In: Geschichtsverein Salzgitter eV (Ed.): Salzgitter yearbook 1983 . tape 5 . Salzgitter 1983, p. 50-58 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: MGH DD H IV, No. 133 )@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.dmgh.de
  2. ^ Wiswe, Flurnamen , p. 469ff
  3. ↑ Casemir, Place Names , pp. 257-258
  4. ^ Department for economics and statistics: Statistical yearbook of the city of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (total number of eligible residents (main and secondary residence) © City of Salzgitter).
  5. ^ Department for Economics and Statistics: Monthly Statistical Reports of the City of Salzgitter. City of Salzgitter, accessed on February 22, 2020 (Population at the location of the main residence © City of Salzgitter).
  6. ^ Arnold Rabbow: New Braunschweigisches Wappenbuch . Braunschweiger Zeitungsverlag, 2003, ISBN 3-926701-59-5 , p. 39 .