Herbert Klein (historian, 1900)

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Memorial plaque for Herbert Klein on the way to the Salzburg Mönchsberg with the incorrect year of death

Herbert Klein (born January 23, 1900 in Graz , † November 23, 1972 in Salzburg ) was an Austrian historian and state archive director .

biography

family

Shortly after his birth, Klein's parents moved from Graz to Salzburg, where his father Josef Klein opened a specialty shop for rubber products . Klein grew up in Salzburg.

Education

After high school at the Academic Gymnasium Salzburg Klein first began at the University of Graz , a study of the German language , but soon changed to the degree program history . Between 1921 and 1923 he graduated from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research in Vienna, which is attached to the University of Vienna. In 1924 he was at Oswald Redlich at Vienna University with a thesis on "The Ethics conditions of the Salzburg cathedral chapter in the Middle Ages" to the doctor of philosophy doctorate .

Employment

Franz Martin , then head of the Salzburg Provincial Government Archives , initially employed Klein as an unpaid volunteer from 1924 . It was not until 1929 that he was formally employed, and in 1931 he was appointed under-state archivist. As part of his research, Klein turned to areas of constitutional , economic and social history that had largely remained fallow until then . Based on extensive study of sources , he wrote fundamental works on the history of the country .

Shortly after Austria's annexation to the National Socialist German Reich , Klein applied for admission to the NSDAP and was accepted on May 1, 1938. A party affiliation going back to 1933 is questionable due to contradictions in the only incomplete documents. In the years that followed, Klein gave lectures and wrote newspaper articles that clearly reflected the ideology of the National Socialist rulers .

Crypt of the Klein family in the Petersfriedhof Salzburg , where Herbert Klein is also buried

Klein, who had meanwhile been appointed deputy head of the Salzburg State Government Archives, which had meanwhile been renamed the Reichsgau Archive, was dismissed from office on August 30, 1945 by order of the military government. His reinstatement was rejected, although Franz Martin stood up for his former representative. Only on 4 November 1947 Klein was by a final decision of the competent authority at the magistrate of the city of Salzburg as "minor crimes". In August 1948 he was able to resume his work in the Salzburg State Archives, but was not transferred back to his former civil servant position until March 1, 1949 . After Franz Martin retired on January 1, 1950, Klein succeeded him as head of the Salzburg State Archives. He retired on December 31, 1970.

Herbert Klein found his final resting place in the Klein family crypt in the Petersfriedhof Salzburg .

Volunteering

Klein, who had been an advisory board member or deputy chairman of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies since 1939 , succeeded Franz Martin in 1951 as board member and editor of the communications of the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies. He carried out his duties in society until his death.

Appreciations

Publications (selection)

  • The Salzburg mercenary army in the 14th century . In: Messages from the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies (MGSL). Vol. 66. Self-published by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg 1926, p. 99 ff. Digitized
  • The peasant loans in the Archbishopric of Salzburg . In: MGSL, vol. 69, Salzburg 1929, pp. 145 ff. Digitized
  • About Schwaigen in Salzburg . In: MGSL, vol. 71, Salzburg 1931, p. 109 ff. Digitized
  • The peasant owners of the archbishopric Salzburg in the late Middle Ages (1st part). In: MGSL, vol. 73, Salzburg 1933, p. 109 ff. Digitalisat
  • The peasant owners of the Archbishopric Salzburg in the late Middle Ages (2nd part). In: MGSL, vol. 74, Salzburg 1934, p. 1 ff. Digitized
  • The oldest arable records of the Archbishopric of Salzburg . In: MGSL, vol. 75, Salzburg 1935, p. 133 ff. Digitalisat
  • New sources on the Salzburg peasant uprising in 1462/63 . In: MGSL, vol. 77, Salzburg 1937, p. 49 ff. Digitized
  • A livestock trade regulation from 1391 . In: MGSL, vol. 77, Salzburg 1937, p. 177 ff. Digitalisat
  • The peasant personal names of the Pongau around 1350 . In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg . Vol. 79, Salzburg 1939, p. 129 ff. Digitized
  • Knight's loan and bag loan in Salzburg . In: MGSL, Vol. 80, Salzburg 1940, pp. 87 ff. Digitalisat
  • with Heinrich von Zimburg: "Gasteinerische Chronica" 1540. A source on the history of the Salzburg Peasants' War 1525/26 . In: MGSL, vol. 81, Salzburg 1941, p. 1 ff. Digitized
  • The Salzburg imperial contingent in the War of the Spanish Succession (Freiburg im Breisgau 1705-1713) . In: MGSL, vol. 81, Salzburg 1941, p. 97 ff. Digitized
  • A Radstadt fire code of the Eugendorf community . In: MGSL, vol. 81, Salzburg 1941, p. 122 f. Digitized
  • The dispute over the legacy of the Lords of Goldegg . In: MGSL, vol. 82/83, Salzburg 1942/43, p. 1 ff. Digitized
  • The peasantry in the Salzburg state parliaments . In: MGSL, vol. 88/89, Salzburg 1948/49, p. 51 ff.
  • The trade across the Tauern . In: MGSL, vol. 90, Salzburg 1950, p. 37 ff.
  • Paracelsus and the Peasants' War . In: MGSL, Vol. 91, Salzburg 1951, p. 176 ff.
  • with Hans Wagner: Salzburg canons from 1300 to 1514 . In: MGSL, vol. 92, Salzburg 1952, p. 1 ff.
  • The fighting for Radstadt on June 24th 1526 and the end of the Salzburg Peasants' War . In: MGSL, vol. 92, Salzburg 1952, p. 124 ff.
  • Source contributions on the history of the Salzburg peasant unrest in the 15th century. In: MGSL, vol. 73, Salzburg 1953, p. 1 ff.
  • An income register of the Archbishopric of Salzburg from 1274 . In: MGSL, vol. 95, Salzburg 1955, p. 59 ff.
  • Badgastein. The development of the village and the spa in the Middle Ages and in the early modern period . In: MGSL, vol. 96, Salzburg 1956, p. 1 ff.
  • The older witch trials in the state of Salzburg . In: MGSL, vol. 97, Salzburg 1957, p. 17 ff.
  • with Wolfgang Wegner: New Views of Salzburg by Paul van Vianen . In: MGSL, vol. 98, Salzburg 1958, p. 219 ff.
  • The great death of 1348/49 and its impact on the settlement of the Eastern Alps . In: MGSL, vol. 100, Salzburg 1960, p. 91 ff.
  • The place where the "man in the salt" was found . In: MGSL, Vol. 101, Salzburg 1961, pp. 139 ff.
  • On the history of the technology of alpine salt mining in the Middle Ages . In: MGSL, Vol. 101, Salzburg 1961, p. 261 ff.
  • The Pongau “blood rams” . In: MGSL, Vol. 102, Salzburg 1962, p. 93 ff.
  • The cloth weaving on the lower Inn and the lower Salzach in the 15th and 16th centuries according to Salzburg sources . In: MGSL, vol. 106, Salzburg 1966, p. 115 ff.
  • From the life of the Salzburg court chamber councilor Dr. Siegmund von Hartmann . In: MGSL, Vol. 106, Salzburg 1966, p. 293 ff.
  • Gols and Muntigl. Two Romanesque landform names . In: MGSL, Vol. 107, Salzburg 1967, p. 49 ff.
  • Contributions to the history of the city of Salzburg in the Middle Ages (1st part). In: MGSL, Vol. 107, Salzburg 1967, pp. 115 ff.
  • Contributions to the history of the city of Salzburg in the Middle Ages (2nd part). In: MGSL, vol. 108, Salzburg 1968, p. 181 ff
  • Fugger and the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies . In: MGSL, Vol. 110/111, Salzburg 1970/71, pp. 457 f.

literature

  • Oskar Dohle: The Salzburg State Archives during the Nazi era . In: Austria's archives under the swastika 1938-1945 . Communications from the Austrian State Archives 54th StudienVerlag, Vienna 2010, pp. 587 ff, ISBN 978-3-7065-4941-7 .
  • Reinhard R. Heinisch : On the hundredth birthday of Herbert Klein. In: Landeskunde-Info 2000. No. 1. Self-published by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg, 2000, p. 4 f.
  • Theodor Mayer: Herbert Klein on his 65th birthday . In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg . Supplementary Vol. 5. Self-published by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg 1965, pp. XXIII – XXXI.
  • Hans Sturmberger: Herbert Klein † (1900-1972) . In: Southeast German Archive . Vol. 15./16., Verlag R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1972/73, p. 233 f.
  • Hans Wagner: Herbert Klein † . In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg . Vol. 112/113. Self-published by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg 1973, pp. 1 ff.

Web links

Commons : Herbert Klein (historian)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Dr. Herbert Klein. In: Magistrate of the City of Salzburg: The City of Salzburg under National Socialism. April 1, 2016, accessed on August 2, 2017 (German).
  • Herbert Klein. In: Salzburgwiki. July 31, 2016, accessed on August 2, 2017 (German).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dr. Herbert Klein. In: The City of Salzburg under National Socialism. Magistrate of the City of Salzburg, April 1, 2016, accessed on August 2, 2017 .
  2. ^ Hans Wagner: Herbert Klein † . In: Communications from the Society for Regional Studies in Salzburg . tape 112/113 . Self-published by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies, Salzburg 1973, p. 1 ff .
personal data
SURNAME Small, Herbert
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian historian and regional archive director
DATE OF BIRTH January 23, 1900
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz
DATE OF DEATH November 23, 1972
Place of death Salzburg